diff --git a/packages/dts-test/ref.test-d.ts b/packages/dts-test/ref.test-d.ts
index 542d9d6a9ef..a467c446d0a 100644
--- a/packages/dts-test/ref.test-d.ts
+++ b/packages/dts-test/ref.test-d.ts
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import {
   computed,
   ShallowRef
 } from 'vue'
-import { expectType, describe, IsUnion } from './utils'
+import { expectType, describe, IsUnion, IsAny } from './utils'
 
 function plainType(arg: number | Ref<number>) {
   // ref coercing
@@ -79,6 +79,10 @@ function plainType(arg: number | Ref<number>) {
   // should still unwrap in objects nested in arrays
   const arr2 = ref([{ a: ref(1) }]).value
   expectType<number>(arr2[0].a)
+
+  // any value should return Ref<any>, not any
+  const a = ref(1 as any)
+  expectType<IsAny<typeof a>>(false)
 }
 
 plainType(1)
@@ -191,6 +195,12 @@ if (refStatus.value === 'initial') {
   expectType<IsUnion<typeof shallowUnionAsCast>>(false)
 }
 
+{
+  // any value should return Ref<any>, not any
+  const a = shallowRef(1 as any)
+  expectType<IsAny<typeof a>>(false)
+}
+
 describe('shallowRef with generic', <T>() => {
   const r = ref({}) as MaybeRef<T>
   expectType<ShallowRef<T> | Ref<T>>(shallowRef(r))
diff --git a/packages/reactivity/src/ref.ts b/packages/reactivity/src/ref.ts
index 201766158ed..7e67de7b661 100644
--- a/packages/reactivity/src/ref.ts
+++ b/packages/reactivity/src/ref.ts
@@ -88,7 +88,6 @@ export function isRef(r: any): r is Ref {
  * @param value - The object to wrap in the ref.
  * @see {@link https://vuejs.org/api/reactivity-core.html#ref}
  */
-export function ref<T extends Ref>(value: T): T
 export function ref<T>(value: T): Ref<UnwrapRef<T>>
 export function ref<T = any>(): Ref<T | undefined>
 export function ref(value?: unknown) {