From 0c9da5384e695371996a1395a506f801331d44b6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Fri, 14 Jul 2023 19:33:06 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 01/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 13 ++++++------- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index ec7a98ded7..b2508f0299 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -11,14 +11,13 @@

Understanding Contrast (Minimum)

Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

-

The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough contrast between text and - its background so that it can be read by people with moderately low vision (who do - not use contrast-enhancing assistive technology). For people without color deficiencies, +

The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough contrast between text and its background so that reading is easier for people with limited vision, including people with color vision deficiencies. This user group does + not typically use contrast-enhancing assistive technology. For people without color deficiencies, hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading - performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). Color deficiencies can affect luminance contrast - somewhat. Therefore, in the recommendation, the contrast is calculated in such a way - that color is not a key factor so that people who have a color vision deficit will - also have adequate contrast between the text and the background. + performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). For many people with limited vision, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. + Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way + that color (hue) is not a key factor. Many people with color vision deficiences require + strong contrast between the text and the background for fluid reading.

Text that is decorative and conveys no information is excluded. For example, if random From e2288300252b909730d286964e71b2c13991c398 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Fri, 14 Jul 2023 19:59:16 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 02/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index b2508f0299..5a696ab5e4 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -14,10 +14,10 @@

Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough contrast between text and its background so that reading is easier for people with limited vision, including people with color vision deficiencies. This user group does not typically use contrast-enhancing assistive technology. For people without color deficiencies, hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading - performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). For many people with limited vision, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. + performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). For people with color deficiences, often referred to as color blindness, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way - that color (hue) is not a key factor. Many people with color vision deficiences require - strong contrast between the text and the background for fluid reading. + that color (hue) is not a key factor. People with other types of low vision also require + strong contrast between text and its background for fluid reading.

Text that is decorative and conveys no information is excluded. For example, if random From f8739c1620cd67051a070fe9c6f263f7184a9fc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Fri, 14 Jul 2023 20:02:37 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 03/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 5a696ab5e4..765adfcfaf 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -11,7 +11,8 @@

Understanding Contrast (Minimum)

Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

-

The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough contrast between text and its background so that reading is easier for people with limited vision, including people with color vision deficiencies. This user group does +

The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough contrast between text and + its background so that reading is easier for people with limited vision, including people with color vision deficiencies. This user group does not typically use contrast-enhancing assistive technology. For people without color deficiencies, hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). For people with color deficiences, often referred to as color blindness, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. From ea04905640503f745e9435d26f80d6a0d712521a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Fri, 14 Jul 2023 20:07:06 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 04/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 765adfcfaf..8a1418f784 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -17,8 +17,8 @@

Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). For people with color deficiences, often referred to as color blindness, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way - that color (hue) is not a key factor. People with other types of low vision also require - strong contrast between text and its background for fluid reading. + that color (hue) is not a key factor. People with other types of low vision + also require strong contrast between text and its background for fluid reading.

Text that is decorative and conveys no information is excluded. For example, if random From e3c039b98fcc8df3ecb2183553dbf559abcce476 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Sat, 15 Jul 2023 06:21:17 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 05/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 4 +++- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 8a1418f784..3581281331 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -308,7 +308,9 @@

Resources for Contrast (Minimum)

  • National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped (NLS), The Library of Congress reference guide on large print materials
    • - +
  • + Types of Color Blindness, National Eye Institute (NEI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) +
    • From b7e46a8fbd8f252966216538e7d15aeaf1f565f0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Sun, 16 Jul 2023 06:22:28 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 06/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 3581281331..c1ffd0c657 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -11,9 +11,9 @@

    Understanding Contrast (Minimum)

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    -

    The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough contrast between text and - its background so that reading is easier for people with limited vision, including people with color vision deficiencies. This user group does - not typically use contrast-enhancing assistive technology. For people without color deficiencies, +

    The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough luminance contrast between text and + its background so that it can be read by people with moderately impaired contrast perception, without the use + of contrast-enhancing assistive technology. For people without color deficiencies, hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). For people with color deficiences, often referred to as color blindness, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way From 7ec8a15e8ca61cff03c5e4abfd583ab49a238503 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Sun, 16 Jul 2023 06:23:54 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 07/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index c1ffd0c657..ad020c00a3 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -12,8 +12,8 @@

    Understanding Contrast (Minimum)

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough luminance contrast between text and - its background so that it can be read by people with moderately impaired contrast perception, without the use - of contrast-enhancing assistive technology. For people without color deficiencies, + its background so that it can be read by people with moderately impaired contrast perception, + without the use contrast-enhancing assistive technology. For people without color deficiencies, hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). For people with color deficiences, often referred to as color blindness, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way From 1d44749f309c16843a66f69a463dd36438ea8ce5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Sun, 16 Jul 2023 06:43:02 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 08/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 9 ++++++--- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index ad020c00a3..f27ed2c657 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -13,9 +13,12 @@

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough luminance contrast between text and its background so that it can be read by people with moderately impaired contrast perception, - without the use contrast-enhancing assistive technology. For people without color deficiencies, + without the use contrast-enhancing assistive technology. +

    +

    For people without color deficiencies, hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading - performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). For people with color deficiences, often referred to as color blindness, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. + performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). + For people with color deficiences, often referred to as color blindness, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way that color (hue) is not a key factor. People with other types of low vision also require strong contrast between text and its background for fluid reading. @@ -26,7 +29,7 @@

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    without changing meaning, then it would be decorative and would not need to meet this criterion.

    - +

    Text that is larger and has wider character strokes is easier to read at lower contrast. The contrast requirement for larger text is therefore lower. This allows authors to use a wider range of color choices for large text, which is helpful for design of From df6edd44406cba00480e9e547c640de5d2ebdeb6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Sun, 16 Jul 2023 06:46:29 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 09/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 4 +--- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index f27ed2c657..fda2f9b703 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -13,9 +13,7 @@

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough luminance contrast between text and its background so that it can be read by people with moderately impaired contrast perception, - without the use contrast-enhancing assistive technology. -

    -

    For people without color deficiencies, + without the use contrast-enhancing assistive technology.

    For people without color deficiencies, hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). For people with color deficiences, often referred to as color blindness, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. From 3c0fa33a7f5fb650b3acafa5a23f9a65d8cd2548 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Sun, 16 Jul 2023 06:53:49 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 10/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 3 +-- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index fda2f9b703..02f9662562 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -15,8 +15,7 @@

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    its background so that it can be read by people with moderately impaired contrast perception, without the use contrast-enhancing assistive technology.

    For people without color deficiencies, hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading - performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). - For people with color deficiences, often referred to as color blindness, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. + performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). For people with color deficiences, often referred to as color blindness, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way that color (hue) is not a key factor. People with other types of low vision also require strong contrast between text and its background for fluid reading. From f53aabb61ae0b010d42e9dbb7711bb3284220e59 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Sun, 16 Jul 2023 06:56:10 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 11/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 02f9662562..a3e8daae84 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough luminance contrast between text and its background so that it can be read by people with moderately impaired contrast perception, - without the use contrast-enhancing assistive technology.

    For people without color deficiencies, + without the use of contrast-enhancing assistive technology.

    For people without color deficiencies, hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). For people with color deficiences, often referred to as color blindness, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way From f16b25d86e05b7f8e52be304ac05645868b3ece7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Sun, 16 Jul 2023 07:09:46 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 12/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 4 +++- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index a3e8daae84..0e625bcf95 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -15,7 +15,9 @@

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    its background so that it can be read by people with moderately impaired contrast perception, without the use of contrast-enhancing assistive technology.

    For people without color deficiencies, hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading - performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). For people with color deficiences, often referred to as color blindness, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. + performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). + Further, Color Vision Deficiencies (CVD) per se, often referred to as color blindness, do not negatively affect luminance contrast perception (Márta Janáky et. al; Márta Janáky et. al). + For people with color deficiences, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way that color (hue) is not a key factor. People with other types of low vision also require strong contrast between text and its background for fluid reading. From e009b1fb64594173a201569e07dd2b0a374ad9ac Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Sun, 16 Jul 2023 07:32:48 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 13/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 0e625bcf95..e2902d5d66 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -13,11 +13,11 @@

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough luminance contrast between text and its background so that it can be read by people with moderately impaired contrast perception, - without the use of contrast-enhancing assistive technology.

    For people without color deficiencies, + without the use of contrast-enhancing assistive technology.

    For people with Color Vision Deficiencies (CVD), often referred to as color blindness, hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). - Further, Color Vision Deficiencies (CVD) per se, often referred to as color blindness, do not negatively affect luminance contrast perception (Márta Janáky et. al; Márta Janáky et. al). - For people with color deficiences, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. + Further, CVD per se, do not negatively affect luminance contrast perception (Márta Janáky et. al; Márta Janáky et. al). + For people with color deficiences, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way that color (hue) is not a key factor. People with other types of low vision also require strong contrast between text and its background for fluid reading. From 17c7f7445d80cc526ca1b35349fe07b14fb53a51 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Sun, 16 Jul 2023 07:41:10 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 14/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index e2902d5d66..f762fa7bd9 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    without the use of contrast-enhancing assistive technology.

    For people with Color Vision Deficiencies (CVD), often referred to as color blindness, hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). - Further, CVD per se, do not negatively affect luminance contrast perception (Márta Janáky et. al; Márta Janáky et. al). + Further, CVD per se, do not negatively affect luminance contrast perception (Márta Janáky et. al, 2013; Cagri Ilhan et al., 2018). For people with color deficiences, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way that color (hue) is not a key factor. People with other types of low vision From f2be772abc8197c9b2c098a5ae620b74e65c05fd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Fri, 21 Jul 2023 10:41:34 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 15/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index f762fa7bd9..db59c846b2 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    without changing meaning, then it would be decorative and would not need to meet this criterion.

    - +

    Text that is larger and has wider character strokes is easier to read at lower contrast. The contrast requirement for larger text is therefore lower. This allows authors to use a wider range of color choices for large text, which is helpful for design of From c7e236c756bd6ef73396be9991a44cb7fee522e5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Fri, 21 Jul 2023 10:42:04 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 16/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index db59c846b2..3ac0b9d30c 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    without changing meaning, then it would be decorative and would not need to meet this criterion.

    - +

    Text that is larger and has wider character strokes is easier to read at lower contrast. The contrast requirement for larger text is therefore lower. This allows authors to use a wider range of color choices for large text, which is helpful for design of From ef43e491a60ff6c9ca3e8805145ab290be3e0a2d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Fri, 21 Jul 2023 10:43:03 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 17/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 4 +--- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 3ac0b9d30c..7858c4af74 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -18,9 +18,7 @@

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). Further, CVD per se, do not negatively affect luminance contrast perception (Márta Janáky et. al, 2013; Cagri Ilhan et al., 2018). For people with color deficiences, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. - Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way - that color (hue) is not a key factor. People with other types of low vision - also require strong contrast between text and its background for fluid reading. + Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way that color (hue) is not a key factor. People with other types of low vision also require strong contrast between text and its background for fluid reading.

    Text that is decorative and conveys no information is excluded. For example, if random From 03491f44f3aa77ff4c557c643ef066c31f9efdeb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Fri, 21 Jul 2023 10:56:22 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 18/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 7858c4af74..834aee7906 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). Further, CVD per se, do not negatively affect luminance contrast perception (Márta Janáky et. al, 2013; Cagri Ilhan et al., 2018). - For people with color deficiences, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. + For people with color deficiencies, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way that color (hue) is not a key factor. People with other types of low vision also require strong contrast between text and its background for fluid reading.

    From e386d004e27673f08083422c2b0e2c70d21a96b3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Sun, 23 Jul 2023 17:31:25 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 19/24] Update contrast-minimum.html typo --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 834aee7906..a873e4f37b 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -12,11 +12,11 @@

    Understanding Contrast (Minimum)

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough luminance contrast between text and - its background so that it can be read by people with moderately impaired contrast perception, + its background, so that it can be read by people with moderately impaired contrast perception, without the use of contrast-enhancing assistive technology.

    For people with Color Vision Deficiencies (CVD), often referred to as color blindness, hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading - performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). - Further, CVD per se, do not negatively affect luminance contrast perception (Márta Janáky et. al, 2013; Cagri Ilhan et al., 2018). + performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). + Further, CVD per se, do not negatively affect luminance contrast perception (Márta Janáky et al., 2013; Cagri Ilhan et al., 2018). For people with color deficiencies, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way that color (hue) is not a key factor. People with other types of low vision also require strong contrast between text and its background for fluid reading.

    From db5ace912179587347217b102c16782ff681abca Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Sun, 23 Jul 2023 18:18:00 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 20/24] Update contrast-minimum.html replacing CVD abbreviation --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 13 +++++++------ 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index a873e4f37b..a0f0a9a3e7 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -13,12 +13,13 @@

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough luminance contrast between text and its background, so that it can be read by people with moderately impaired contrast perception, - without the use of contrast-enhancing assistive technology.

    For people with Color Vision Deficiencies (CVD), often referred to as color blindness, - hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading - performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). - Further, CVD per se, do not negatively affect luminance contrast perception (Márta Janáky et al., 2013; Cagri Ilhan et al., 2018). - For people with color deficiencies, luminance contrast has a significant impact on legibility. - Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way that color (hue) is not a key factor. People with other types of low vision also require strong contrast between text and its background for fluid reading. + without the use of contrast-enhancing assistive technology. +

    +

    For all consumers of visual content, adequate luminance contrast is needed between text and its background for good readability. + Many different visual impairments can substantially impact contrast sensitivity, requiring more luminance contrast, regardless of color (hue). + For people who are not able to distinguish certain shades of color — often referred to as color blindness — hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). + Further, the inability to distinguish certain shades of color does not negatively affect luminance contrast perception (Márta Janáky et al., 2013; Cagri Ilhan et al., 2018). + Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way that color (hue) is not a key factor.

    Text that is decorative and conveys no information is excluded. For example, if random From eae82cd4d2eaebdaaa1b29da702430fbb4910958 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Sun, 23 Jul 2023 18:22:05 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 21/24] Update contrast-minimum.html tweak whitespace --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 6 ++---- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index a0f0a9a3e7..6160fd3ef3 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -11,10 +11,8 @@

    Understanding Contrast (Minimum)

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    -

    The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough luminance contrast between text and - its background, so that it can be read by people with moderately impaired contrast perception, - without the use of contrast-enhancing assistive technology. -

    +

    The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough luminance contrast between text and its background, so that it can be read by people with moderately impaired contrast perception, without the use of contrast-enhancing assistive technology. +

    For all consumers of visual content, adequate luminance contrast is needed between text and its background for good readability. Many different visual impairments can substantially impact contrast sensitivity, requiring more luminance contrast, regardless of color (hue). For people who are not able to distinguish certain shades of color — often referred to as color blindness — hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). From 80392a44f798b0539aa1e1437392af2e4158a210 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Bruce Bailey Date: Wed, 26 Jul 2023 18:36:49 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 22/24] Update contrast-minimum.html --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 6160fd3ef3..9e1500652d 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@

    Understanding Contrast (Minimum)

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    -

    The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough luminance contrast between text and its background, so that it can be read by people with moderately impaired contrast perception, without the use of contrast-enhancing assistive technology. +

    The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough luminance contrast between text and its background, so that it can be read by people with moderately low vision or impaired contrast perception, without the use of contrast-enhancing assistive technology.

    For all consumers of visual content, adequate luminance contrast is needed between text and its background for good readability. Many different visual impairments can substantially impact contrast sensitivity, requiring more luminance contrast, regardless of color (hue). From 45c098a8d35d786a0deac69e1caaaa5556a3a74c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Alastair Campbell Date: Wed, 23 Aug 2023 09:09:39 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 23/24] MichaelG's suggestions from meeting 22/08/2023 Co-authored-by: Mike Gower --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 8 ++++---- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 9e1500652d..767463d1ae 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -11,12 +11,12 @@

    Understanding Contrast (Minimum)

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    -

    The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough luminance contrast between text and its background, so that it can be read by people with moderately low vision or impaired contrast perception, without the use of contrast-enhancing assistive technology. +

    The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough contrast between text and its background, so that it can be read by people with moderately low vision or impaired contrast perception, without the use of contrast-enhancing assistive technology.

    -

    For all consumers of visual content, adequate luminance contrast is needed between text and its background for good readability. - Many different visual impairments can substantially impact contrast sensitivity, requiring more luminance contrast, regardless of color (hue). +

    For all consumers of visual content, adequate light-dark contrast is needed between the relative luminance of text and its background for good readability. + Many different visual impairments can substantially impact contrast sensitivity, requiring more light-dark contrast, regardless of color (hue). For people who are not able to distinguish certain shades of color — often referred to as color blindness — hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). - Further, the inability to distinguish certain shades of color does not negatively affect luminance contrast perception (Márta Janáky et al., 2013; Cagri Ilhan et al., 2018). + Further, the inability to distinguish certain shades of color does not negatively affect light-dark contrast perception (Márta Janáky et al., 2013; Cagri Ilhan et al., 2018). Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way that color (hue) is not a key factor.

    From cfe5ee2465f9edfcaeb9be9f5adee5834f985f99 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Alastair Campbell Date: Wed, 23 Aug 2023 17:02:48 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 24/24] Moving links to the resources section --- understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html | 15 ++++++++++++--- 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html index 767463d1ae..9c019d7b7d 100644 --- a/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html +++ b/understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html @@ -15,8 +15,8 @@

    Intent of Contrast (Minimum)

    For all consumers of visual content, adequate light-dark contrast is needed between the relative luminance of text and its background for good readability. Many different visual impairments can substantially impact contrast sensitivity, requiring more light-dark contrast, regardless of color (hue). - For people who are not able to distinguish certain shades of color — often referred to as color blindness — hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading performance (Knoblauch et al., 1991). - Further, the inability to distinguish certain shades of color does not negatively affect light-dark contrast perception (Márta Janáky et al., 2013; Cagri Ilhan et al., 2018). + For people who are not able to distinguish certain shades of color — often referred to as color blindness — hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading performance. + Further, the inability to distinguish certain shades of color does not negatively affect light-dark contrast perception. Therefore, in the recommendation, contrast is calculated in such a way that color (hue) is not a key factor.

    @@ -309,7 +309,16 @@

    Resources for Contrast (Minimum)

  • Types of Color Blindness, National Eye Institute (NEI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) -
    • + +
  • + Effects of chromatic and luminance contrast on reading, Knoblauch et al., 1991 +
    • +
  • + Achromatic luminance contrast sensitivity in X-linked color-deficient observers: an addition to the debate, Márta Janáky et al., 2013 +
    • +
  • + Contrast sensitivity of patients with congenital color vision deficiency, Cagri Ilhan et al., 2018 +