explanation.md

Counting Seniors: Step-by-Step Explanation

This README provides a detailed explanation of the code implementations in different programming languages to count the number of seniors (people aged over 60) from a list of strings containing personal details. Below are the step-by-step explanations for each language:

C++

1. Initialize a Counter:

   • Start by initializing a variable count to zero. This will keep track of the number of seniors.

2. Iterate Through the List:

   • Use a loop to iterate through each string in the details vector.

3. Extract Age Substring:

   • Extract a substring from each detail string, assuming the age is located at specific positions (11 and 12).

4. Convert to Integer:

   • Convert the extracted substring to an integer to get the person's age.

5. Check for Seniors:

   • Check if the extracted age is greater than 60. If true, increment the count.

6. Return the Count:

   • After the loop, return the total count of seniors.

Java

1. Initialize a Counter:

   • Declare and initialize an integer count to zero.

2. Loop Through the Details:

   • Use a for-each loop to go through each string in the details array.

3. Extract Age Substring:

   • Use substring() method to extract the age portion from each detail string.

4. Convert to Integer:

   • Convert the substring to an integer using Integer.parseInt().

5. Check and Count Seniors:

   • If the age is greater than 60, increment the count.

6. Return Result:

   • Return the count variable, representing the number of seniors.

JavaScript

1. Initialize a Counter:

   • Initialize a variable count to zero to store the number of seniors.

2. Iterate Over Details:

   • Use a for-loop or for-of loop to iterate through each string in the details array.

3. Extract Age:

   • Extract the age substring using the substring() method.

4. Convert to Integer:

   • Convert the substring to an integer using parseInt().

5. Check Age Condition:

   • Check if the age is greater than 60. If true, increment count.

6. Return the Count:

   • Return the total count after processing all details.

Python

1. Initialize a Counter:

   • Start with count = 0 to keep track of the seniors.

2. Loop Through Details:

   • Iterate over each string in the details list.

3. Extract and Convert Age:

   • Extract the age substring and convert it to an integer.

4. Check if Senior:

   • If the age is over 60, increase the count by 1.

5. Return the Total Count:

   • After the loop, return the count.

Go

1. Initialize a Counter:

   • Define count as 0 to count the number of seniors.

2. Iterate Over Details:

   • Use a loop to go through each string in the details slice.

3. Extract Age Substring:

   • Extract the substring containing the age using slicing.

4. Convert Age:

   • Convert the age substring to an integer using strconv.Atoi().

5. Check Age Condition:

   • If the age is greater than 60, increment count.

6. Return Result:

   • Return the count variable containing the total number of seniors.

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These steps ensure that the code correctly identifies and counts individuals who are over 60 years old based on the provided details. The consistent logic across all languages highlights the importance of data extraction, conversion, and conditional checks in solving this problem.