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BLAKE3

go.dev Go Report Card SourceGraph

Pure Go implementation of BLAKE3 with AVX2 and SSE4.1 acceleration.

Special thanks to the excellent avo making writing vectorized version much easier.

Benchmarks

Caveats

This library makes some different design decisions than the upstream Rust crate around internal buffering. Specifically, because it does not target the embedded system space, nor does it support multithreading, it elects to do its own internal buffering. This means that a user does not have to worry about providing large enough buffers to get the best possible performance, but it does worse on smaller input sizes. So some notes:

  • The Rust benchmarks below are all single-threaded to match this Go implementation.
  • I make no attempt to get precise measurements (cpu throttling, noisy environment, etc.) so please benchmark on your own systems.
  • These benchmarks are run on an i7-6700K which does not support AVX-512, so Rust is limited to use AVX2 at sizes above 8 kib.
  • I tried my best to make them benchmark the same thing, but who knows? 😄

Charts

In this case, both libraries are able to avoid a lot of data copying and will use vectorized instructions to hash as fast as possible, and perform similarly.

Large Full Buffer

For incremental writes, you must provide the Rust version large enough buffers so that it can use vectorized instructions. This Go library performs consistently regardless of the size being sent into the update function.

Incremental

The downside of internal buffering is most apparent with small sizes as most time is spent initializing the hasher state. In terms of hashing rate, the difference is 3-4x, but in an absolute sense it's ~100ns (see tables below). If you wish to hash a large number of very small strings and you care about those nanoseconds, be sure to use the Reset method to avoid re-initializing the state.

Small Full Buffer

Timing Tables

Small

Size Full Buffer Reset Full Buffer Rate Reset Rate
64 b 205ns 86.5ns 312MB/s 740MB/s
256 b 364ns 250ns 703MB/s 1.03GB/s
512 b 575ns 468ns 892MB/s 1.10GB/s
768 b 795ns 682ns 967MB/s 1.13GB/s

Large

Size Incremental Full Buffer Reset Incremental Rate Full Buffer Rate Reset Rate
1 kib 1.02µs 1.01µs 891ns 1.00GB/s 1.01GB/s 1.15GB/s
2 kib 2.11µs 2.07µs 1.95µs 968MB/s 990MB/s 1.05GB/s
4 kib 2.28µs 2.15µs 2.05µs 1.80GB/s 1.90GB/s 2.00GB/s
8 kib 2.64µs 2.52µs 2.44µs 3.11GB/s 3.25GB/s 3.36GB/s
16 kib 4.93µs 4.54µs 4.48µs 3.33GB/s 3.61GB/s 3.66GB/s
32 kib 9.41µs 8.62µs 8.54µs 3.48GB/s 3.80GB/s 3.84GB/s
64 kib 18.2µs 16.7µs 16.6µs 3.59GB/s 3.91GB/s 3.94GB/s
128 kib 36.3µs 32.9µs 33.1µs 3.61GB/s 3.99GB/s 3.96GB/s
256 kib 72.5µs 65.7µs 66.0µs 3.62GB/s 3.99GB/s 3.97GB/s
512 kib 145µs 131µs 132µs 3.60GB/s 4.00GB/s 3.97GB/s
1024 kib 290µs 262µs 262µs 3.62GB/s 4.00GB/s 4.00GB/s

No ASM

Size Incremental Full Buffer Reset Incremental Rate Full Buffer Rate Reset Rate
64 b 253ns 254ns 134ns 253MB/s 252MB/s 478MB/s
256 b 553ns 557ns 441ns 463MB/s 459MB/s 580MB/s
512 b 948ns 953ns 841ns 540MB/s 538MB/s 609MB/s
768 b 1.38µs 1.40µs 1.35µs 558MB/s 547MB/s 570MB/s
1 kib 1.77µs 1.77µs 1.70µs 577MB/s 580MB/s 602MB/s
1024 kib 880µs 883µs 878µs 596MB/s 595MB/s 598MB/s

The speed caps out at around 1 kib, so most rows have been elided from the presentation.