diff --git a/include/dsn/tool-api/timer_service.h b/include/dsn/tool-api/timer_service.h
index 47e88ca718..d2866cd007 100644
--- a/include/dsn/tool-api/timer_service.h
+++ b/include/dsn/tool-api/timer_service.h
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ class timer_service
     virtual ~timer_service() = default;
 
     virtual void start() = 0;
+    virtual void stop() = 0;
 
     // after milliseconds, the provider should call task->enqueue()
     virtual void add_timer(task *task) = 0;
diff --git a/src/aio/test/main.cpp b/src/aio/test/main.cpp
index 67d12167e2..037952ce46 100644
--- a/src/aio/test/main.cpp
+++ b/src/aio/test/main.cpp
@@ -9,5 +9,9 @@ GTEST_API_ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
     testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
     dsn_run_config("config.ini", false);
-    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+    int g_test_ret = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+#ifndef ENABLE_GCOV
+    dsn_exit(g_test_ret);
+#endif
+    return g_test_ret;
 }
diff --git a/src/meta/meta_service.cpp b/src/meta/meta_service.cpp
index 7c8649fd28..ac7a034e6c 100644
--- a/src/meta/meta_service.cpp
+++ b/src/meta/meta_service.cpp
@@ -81,10 +81,17 @@ meta_service::meta_service()
     _access_controller = security::create_meta_access_controller();
 }
 
-meta_service::~meta_service()
+meta_service::~meta_service() { stop(); }
+
+void meta_service::stop()
 {
+    zauto_write_lock l(_meta_lock);
+    if (!_started.load()) {
+        return;
+    }
     _tracker.cancel_outstanding_tasks();
     unregister_ctrl_commands();
+    _started = false;
 }
 
 bool meta_service::check_freeze() const
diff --git a/src/meta/meta_service.h b/src/meta/meta_service.h
index e26268b19e..a7618c169e 100644
--- a/src/meta/meta_service.h
+++ b/src/meta/meta_service.h
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ class meta_service : public serverlet<meta_service>
     virtual ~meta_service();
 
     error_code start();
+    void stop();
 
     const replication_options &get_options() const { return _opts; }
     const meta_options &get_meta_options() const { return _meta_opts; }
diff --git a/src/meta/meta_service_app.cpp b/src/meta/meta_service_app.cpp
index d612e005d1..3abcfcc97a 100644
--- a/src/meta/meta_service_app.cpp
+++ b/src/meta/meta_service_app.cpp
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ error_code meta_service_app::start(const std::vector<std::string> &args)
 
 error_code meta_service_app::stop(bool /*cleanup*/)
 {
-    _service.reset(nullptr);
+    _service->stop();
     return ERR_OK;
 }
 } // namespace service
diff --git a/src/replica/replica_stub.cpp b/src/replica/replica_stub.cpp
index 0f8e5e2d30..7a526c8cf7 100644
--- a/src/replica/replica_stub.cpp
+++ b/src/replica/replica_stub.cpp
@@ -85,7 +85,8 @@ replica_stub::replica_stub(replica_state_subscriber subscriber /*= nullptr*/,
       _max_concurrent_bulk_load_downloading_count(5),
       _learn_app_concurrent_count(0),
       _fs_manager(false),
-      _bulk_load_downloading_count(0)
+      _bulk_load_downloading_count(0),
+      _is_running(false)
 {
 #ifdef DSN_ENABLE_GPERF
     _release_tcmalloc_memory_command = nullptr;
@@ -792,6 +793,10 @@ void replica_stub::initialize(const replication_options &opts, bool clear /* = f
 
 void replica_stub::initialize_start()
 {
+    if (_is_running) {
+        return;
+    }
+
     // start timer for configuration sync
     if (!_options.config_sync_disabled) {
         _config_sync_timer_task =
@@ -841,6 +846,8 @@ void replica_stub::initialize_start()
     } else {
         _state = NS_Connected;
     }
+
+    _is_running = true;
 }
 
 dsn::error_code replica_stub::on_kill_replica(gpid id)
@@ -2457,6 +2464,10 @@ replica_stub::exec_command_on_replica(const std::vector<std::string> &args,
 
 void replica_stub::close()
 {
+    if (!_is_running) {
+        return;
+    }
+
     _tracker.cancel_outstanding_tasks();
 
     // this replica may not be opened
@@ -2561,6 +2572,7 @@ void replica_stub::close()
             _replicas.erase(_replicas.begin());
         }
     }
+    _is_running = false;
 }
 
 std::string replica_stub::get_replica_dir(const char *app_type, gpid id, bool create_new)
diff --git a/src/replica/replica_stub.h b/src/replica/replica_stub.h
index 060a335e00..bd6afe3cd9 100644
--- a/src/replica/replica_stub.h
+++ b/src/replica/replica_stub.h
@@ -396,6 +396,8 @@ class replica_stub : public serverlet<replica_stub>, public ref_counter
     // replica count exectuting bulk load downloading concurrently
     std::atomic_int _bulk_load_downloading_count;
 
+    bool _is_running;
+
     // performance counters
     perf_counter_wrapper _counter_replicas_count;
     perf_counter_wrapper _counter_replicas_opening_count;
diff --git a/src/runtime/rpc/rpc_engine.h b/src/runtime/rpc/rpc_engine.h
index 3e33fe23f6..1a3dce947a 100644
--- a/src/runtime/rpc/rpc_engine.h
+++ b/src/runtime/rpc/rpc_engine.h
@@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ class rpc_engine
     //
     ::dsn::error_code start(const service_app_spec &spec);
     void start_serving() { _is_serving = true; }
+    void stop_serving() { _is_serving = false; }
 
     //
     // rpc registrations
diff --git a/src/runtime/service_engine.cpp b/src/runtime/service_engine.cpp
index bb4e73b137..dc7eb315a0 100644
--- a/src/runtime/service_engine.cpp
+++ b/src/runtime/service_engine.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "runtime/task/task_engine.h"
 #include "runtime/rpc/rpc_engine.h"
 
+#include <dsn/dist/fmt_logging.h>
 #include <dsn/utility/filesystem.h>
 #include <dsn/utility/smart_pointers.h>
 #include <dsn/tool-api/env_provider.h>
@@ -165,7 +166,12 @@ rpc_request_task *service_node::generate_intercepted_request_task(message_ex *re
     return t;
 }
 
-service_node::~service_node() = default;
+service_node::~service_node()
+{
+    _rpc->stop_serving();
+    stop_app(false);
+    _computation->stop();
+}
 
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
@@ -188,6 +194,8 @@ service_engine::service_engine()
 
 service_engine::~service_engine()
 {
+    _nodes_by_app_id.clear();
+
     UNREGISTER_VALID_HANDLER(_get_runtime_info_cmd);
     UNREGISTER_VALID_HANDLER(_get_queue_info_cmd);
 }
@@ -218,32 +226,28 @@ void service_engine::init_after_toollets()
 
 void service_engine::start_node(service_app_spec &app_spec)
 {
+    std::unordered_map<int, std::string> app_name_by_port;
     auto it = _nodes_by_app_id.find(app_spec.id);
     if (it == _nodes_by_app_id.end()) {
         for (auto p : app_spec.ports) {
             // union to existing node if any port is shared
-            if (_nodes_by_app_port.find(p) != _nodes_by_app_port.end()) {
-                service_node *n = _nodes_by_app_port[p];
-
-                dassert(false,
-                        "network port %d usage confliction for %s vs %s, "
-                        "please reconfig",
-                        p,
-                        n->full_name(),
-                        app_spec.full_name.c_str());
+            auto it = app_name_by_port.find(p);
+            if (it != app_name_by_port.end()) {
+                dassert_f(false,
+                          "network port {} usage confliction for {} vs {}, "
+                          "please reconfig",
+                          p,
+                          it->second,
+                          app_spec.full_name);
             }
+            app_name_by_port.emplace(p, app_spec.full_name);
         }
 
         auto node = std::make_shared<service_node>(app_spec);
         error_code err = node->start();
-        dassert(err == ERR_OK, "service node start failed, err = %s", err.to_string());
+        dassert_f(err == ERR_OK, "service node start failed, err = {}", err.to_string());
 
         _nodes_by_app_id[node->id()] = node;
-        for (auto p1 : node->spec().ports) {
-            _nodes_by_app_port[p1] = node.get();
-        }
-
-        return;
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/runtime/service_engine.h b/src/runtime/service_engine.h
index b16660062f..190e20a6c6 100644
--- a/src/runtime/service_engine.h
+++ b/src/runtime/service_engine.h
@@ -135,11 +135,8 @@ class service_engine : public utils::singleton<service_engine>
 
     bool _simulator;
 
-    // <port, servicenode>
-    typedef std::map<int, service_node *>
-        node_engines_by_port; // multiple ports may share the same node
+    // map app_id to service_node
     service_nodes_by_app_id _nodes_by_app_id;
-    node_engines_by_port _nodes_by_app_port;
 };
 
 // ------------ inline impl ---------------------
diff --git a/src/runtime/task/simple_task_queue.cpp b/src/runtime/task/simple_task_queue.cpp
index e84bd4842b..0c05cc46d6 100644
--- a/src/runtime/task/simple_task_queue.cpp
+++ b/src/runtime/task/simple_task_queue.cpp
@@ -30,12 +30,16 @@ namespace dsn {
 namespace tools {
 
 simple_timer_service::simple_timer_service(service_node *node, timer_service *inner_provider)
-    : timer_service(node, inner_provider)
+    : timer_service(node, inner_provider), _is_running(false)
 {
 }
 
 void simple_timer_service::start()
 {
+    if (_is_running) {
+        return;
+    }
+
     _worker = std::thread([this]() {
         task::set_tls_dsn_context(node(), nullptr);
 
@@ -53,12 +57,18 @@ void simple_timer_service::start()
                 false, "io_service in simple_timer_service run failed: %s", ec.message().data());
         }
     });
+    _is_running = true;
 }
 
-simple_timer_service::~simple_timer_service()
+void simple_timer_service::stop()
 {
+    if (!_is_running) {
+        return;
+    }
+
     _ios.stop();
     _worker.join();
+    _is_running = false;
 }
 
 void simple_timer_service::add_timer(task *task)
diff --git a/src/runtime/task/simple_task_queue.h b/src/runtime/task/simple_task_queue.h
index 7a8365b4d8..94e15421d0 100644
--- a/src/runtime/task/simple_task_queue.h
+++ b/src/runtime/task/simple_task_queue.h
@@ -52,16 +52,19 @@ class simple_timer_service : public timer_service
 public:
     simple_timer_service(service_node *node, timer_service *inner_provider);
 
-    ~simple_timer_service() override;
+    ~simple_timer_service() override { stop(); }
 
     // after milliseconds, the provider should call task->enqueue()
     virtual void add_timer(task *task) override;
 
     virtual void start() override;
 
+    virtual void stop() override;
+
 private:
     boost::asio::io_service _ios;
     std::thread _worker;
+    bool _is_running;
 };
 
 } // namespace tools
diff --git a/src/runtime/task/task_engine.cpp b/src/runtime/task/task_engine.cpp
index 0bb6bdeb09..69095e6589 100644
--- a/src/runtime/task/task_engine.cpp
+++ b/src/runtime/task/task_engine.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
  * THE SOFTWARE.
  */
 
+#include <dsn/dist/fmt_logging.h>
+
 #include "task_engine.h"
 
 using namespace dsn::utils;
@@ -78,23 +80,42 @@ void task_worker_pool::start()
     if (_is_running)
         return;
 
-    for (auto &tsvc : _per_queue_timer_svcs)
+    for (auto &tsvc : _per_queue_timer_svcs) {
         tsvc->start();
-    for (auto &wk : _workers)
+    }
+    for (auto &wk : _workers) {
         wk->start();
+    }
 
-    ddebug("[%s] thread pool [%s] started, pool_code = %s, worker_count = %d, worker_share_core = "
-           "%s, partitioned = %s, ...",
-           _node->full_name(),
-           _spec.name.c_str(),
-           _spec.pool_code.to_string(),
-           _spec.worker_count,
-           _spec.worker_share_core ? "true" : "false",
-           _spec.partitioned ? "true" : "false");
+    ddebug_f(
+        "[{}]: thread pool [{}] started, pool_code = {}, worker_count = {}, worker_share_core = "
+        "{}, partitioned = {}, ...",
+        _node->full_name(),
+        _spec.name,
+        _spec.pool_code.to_string(),
+        _spec.worker_count,
+        _spec.worker_share_core ? "true" : "false",
+        _spec.partitioned ? "true" : "false");
 
     _is_running = true;
 }
 
+void task_worker_pool::stop()
+{
+    if (!_is_running) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    for (auto &tsvc : _per_queue_timer_svcs) {
+        tsvc->stop();
+    }
+    for (auto &wk : _workers) {
+        wk->stop();
+    }
+    _is_running = false;
+    ddebug_f("[{}]: thread pool {} stopped", _node->full_name(), _spec.name);
+}
+
 void task_worker_pool::add_timer(task *t)
 {
     dassert(t->delay_milliseconds() > 0,
@@ -213,8 +234,22 @@ void task_engine::start()
         if (pl)
             pl->start();
     }
-
     _is_running = true;
+    ddebug_f("[{}]: task engine started", _node->full_name());
+}
+
+void task_engine::stop()
+{
+    if (!_is_running) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    for (auto &pl : _pools) {
+        if (pl)
+            pl->stop();
+    }
+    _is_running = false;
+    ddebug_f("[{}]: task engine stopped", _node->full_name());
 }
 
 volatile int *task_engine::get_task_queue_virtual_length_ptr(dsn::task_code code, int hash)
diff --git a/src/runtime/task/task_engine.h b/src/runtime/task/task_engine.h
index 2873a56b69..8c2eb17c87 100644
--- a/src/runtime/task/task_engine.h
+++ b/src/runtime/task/task_engine.h
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ class task_worker_pool
     // service management
     void create();
     void start();
+    void stop();
 
     // task procecessing
     void enqueue(task *task);
@@ -95,12 +96,14 @@ class task_engine
 {
 public:
     task_engine(service_node *node);
+    ~task_engine() { stop(); }
 
     //
     // service management routines
     //
     void create(const std::list<dsn::threadpool_code> &pools);
     void start();
+    void stop();
 
     //
     // task management routines
diff --git a/src/runtime/task/task_engine.sim.h b/src/runtime/task/task_engine.sim.h
index 1e17d19612..4dd54e0197 100644
--- a/src/runtime/task/task_engine.sim.h
+++ b/src/runtime/task/task_engine.sim.h
@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@ class sim_timer_service : public timer_service
     virtual void add_timer(task *task) override;
 
     virtual void start() override {}
+
+    virtual void stop() override {}
 };
 
 class sim_task_queue : public task_queue