Swift Book

Esse projeto tem como objetivo traduzir e disponibilizar gratuitamente em português o livro The Swift Programming Language (swift 5.3).

Contribua

Acesse o guia CONTRIBUTING.md e saiba como ajudar com a tradução!

Sumário

O livro em inglês está lentamente sendo migrado para o formato de Markdown antes de ser traduzido. A seguintes Sessões já estão em formato Markdown e já podem ser traduzidas através de Pull Requests:

• About Swift
• Version Compatibility
• A Swift Tour
  • Intro
  • Simple Values
  • Control Flow
  • Functions and Closures
  • Objects and Classes
  • Enumerations and Structures
  • Protocols and Extensions
  • Error Handling
  • Generics
• Language Guide
  • The Basics
    • Intro
    • Constants and Variables
    • Comments
    • Semicolons
    • Integers
    • Floating-Point Numbers
    • Type Safety and Type Inference
    • Numeric Literals
    • Numeric Type Conversion
    • Assertions and Preconditions
  • Basic Operators
    • Intro
    • Terminology
    • Assignment Operator
    • Arithmetic Operators
    • Compound Assignment Operators
    • Comparison Operators
    • Ternary Conditional Operator
    • Nil-Coalescing Operator
    • Range Operators
    • Logical Operators
  • Strings And Characters
    • Intro
    • String Literals
    • Initializing an Empty String
    • String Mutability
    • Strings Are Value Types
    • Working with Characters
    • Concatenating Strings and Characters
    • String Interpolation
    • Unicode
    • Counting Characters
    • Accessing and Modifying a String
    • Substrings
    • Unicode
    • Comparing Strings
    • Unicode Representations of Strings
  • Collection Types
    • Intro
    • Mutability of Collections
    • Arrays
    • Sets
    • Performing Set Operations
    • Dictionaries
  • Control Flow
    • Intro
    • For-In Loops
    • While Loops
    • Conditional Statements
    • Control Transfer Statements
    • Early Exit
    • Checking API Availability
  • Functions
    • Intro
    • Defining and Calling Functions
    • Function Parameters and Return Values
    • Function Argument Labels and Parameter Names
    • Function Types
    • Nested Functions
  • Closures
    • Intro
    • Closure Expressions
    • Trailing Closures
    • Capturing Values
    • Closures Are Reference Types
    • Escaping Closures
    • Autoclosures
  • Enumerations
    • Intro
    • Enumeration Syntax
    • Matching Enumeration Values with a Switch Statement
    • Iterating over Enumeration Cases
    • Associated Values
    • Raw Values
    • Recursive Enumerations
  • Structures and Classes
    • Intro
    • Comparing Structures and Classes
    • Structures and Enumerations Are Value Types
    • Classes Are Reference Types
  • Properties
    • Intro
    • Stored Properties
    • Computed Properties
    • Property Observers
    • Property Wrappers
    • Global and Local Variables
    • Type Properties
  • Methods
    • Intro
    • Instance Methods
    • Type Methods
  • Subscripts
    • Intro
    • Subscript Syntax
    • Subscript Usage
    • Subscript Options
    • Type Subscripts
  • Inheritance
    • Intro
    • Defining a Base Class
    • Subclassing
    • Overriding
    • Preventing Overrides
  • Initialization
    • Intro
    • Setting Initial Values for Stored Properties
    • Customizing Initialization
    • Default Initializers
    • Initializer Delegation for Value Types
    • Class Inheritance and Initialization
    • Failable Initializers
    • Required Initializers
    • Setting a Default Property Value with a Closure or Function
  • Deinitialization
    • Intro
    • How Deinitialization Works
    • Deinitializers in Action
  • Optional Chaining
    • Intro
    • Optional Chaining as an Alternative to Forced Unwrapping
    • Defining Model Classes for Optional Chaining
    • Accessing Properties Through Optional Chaining
    • Calling Methods Through Optional Chaining
    • Accessing Subscripts Through Optional Chaining
    • Linking Multiple Levels of Chaining
    • Chaining on Methods with Optional Return Values
  • Error Handling
    • Intro
    • Representing and Throwing Errors
    • Handling Errors
    • Specifying Cleanup Actions
  • Type Casting
    • Intro
    • Defining a Class Hierarchy for Type Casting
    • Checking Type
    • Downcasting
    • Type Casting for Any and AnyObject
    • Downcasting
  • Nested Types
    • Intro
    • Nested Types in Action
    • Referring to Nested Types
  • Extensions
    • Intro
    • Extension Syntax
    • Computed Properties
    • Initializers
    • Methods
    • Subscripts
    • Nested Types
  • Protocols
    • Intro
    • Protocol Syntax
    • Property Requirements
    • Method Requirements
    • Mutating Method Requirements
    • Initializer Requirements
    • Protocols as Types
    • Delegation
    • Adding Protocol Conformance with an Extension
    • Adopting a Protocol Using a Synthesized Implementation
    • Collections of Protocol Types
    • Protocol Inheritance
    • Class-Only Protocols
    • Protocol Composition
    • Checking for Protocol Conformance
    • Optional Protocol Requirements
    • Protocol Extensions
  • Generics
    • Intro
    • The Problem That Generics Solve
    • Generic Functions
    • Type Parameters
    • Naming Type Parameters
    • Generic Types
    • Extending a Generic Type
    • Type Constraints
    • Associated Types
    • Generic Where Clauses
    • Extensions with a Generic Where Clause
    • Contextual Where Clauses
    • Associated Types with a Generic Where Clause
    • Generic Subscripts
  • Opaque Types
    • Intro
    • The Problem That Opaque Types Solve
    • Returning an Opaque Type
    • Differences Between Opaque Types and Protocol Types
  • Automatic Reference Counting
    • Intro
    • How ARC Works
    • ARC in Action
    • Strong Reference Cycles Between Class Instances
    • Resolving Strong Reference Cycles Between Class Instances
    • Strong Reference Cycles for Closures
    • Resolving Strong Reference Cycles for Closures
  • Memory Safety
    • Intro
    • Understanding Conflicting Access to Memory
    • Conflicting Access to In-Out Parameters
    • Conflicting Access to self in Methods
    • Conflicting Access to Properties
  • Access Control
    • Intro
    • Modules and Source Files
    • Access Levels
    • Access Control Syntax
    • Custom Types
    • Subclassing
    • Constants, Variables, Properties, and Subscripts
    • Initializers
    • Protocols
    • Extensions
    • Generics
    • Type Aliases
  • Advanced Operators
    • Intro
    • Bitwise Operators
    • Overflow Operators
    • Precedence and Associativity
    • Operator Methods
    • Custom Operators
• Reference Manual
  • About The Language Reference
  • Lexical Structure
    • Intro
    • Whitespace and Comments
    • Identifiers
    • Keywords and Punctuation
    • Literals
    • Operators
  • Types
    • Intro
    • Type Annotation
    • Type Identifier
    • Tuple Type
    • Function Type
    • Array Type
    • Dictionary Type
    • Optional Type
    • Implicitly Unwrapped Optional Type
    • Protocol Composition Type
    • Opaque Type
    • Metatype Type
    • Self Type
    • Type Inheritance Clause
    • Type Inference
  • Expressions
    • Intro
    • Prefix Expressions
    • Binary Expressions
    • Primary Expressions
    • Postfix Expressions
  • Statements
    • Intro
    • Loop Statements
    • Branch Statements
    • Labeled Statement
    • Control Transfer Statements
    • Defer Statement
    • Do Statement
    • Compiler Control Statements
    • Availability Condition
  • Declarations
    • Intro
    • Top-Level Code
    • Code Blocks
    • Import Declaration
    • Constant Declaration
    • Variable Declaration
    • Type Alias Declaration
    • Function Declaration
    • Enumeration Declaration
    • Structure Declaration
    • Class Declaration
    • Protocol Declaration
    • Initializer Declaration
    • Deinitializer Declaration
    • Extension Declaration
    • Subscript Declaration
    • Operator Declaration
    • Precedence Group Declaration
    • Declaration Modifiers
  • Attributes
    • Intro
    • Declaration Attributes
    • Type Attributes
    • Switch Case Attributes
  • Patterns
    • Intro
    • Wildcard Pattern
    • Identifier Pattern
    • Value-Binding Pattern
    • Tuple Pattern
    • Enumeration Case Pattern
    • Optional Pattern
    • Type-Casting Patterns
    • Expression Pattern
  • Generic Parameters and Arguments
    • Intro
    • Generic Parameter Clause
    • Generic Argument Clause