2024-Spring-Midterm

Midterm 1

Blockchain

1. What is the PoW consensus mechanism in Bitcoin Network, and PoS in Ethereum Network?
2. What is the gas mechanism prior to EIP-1559 and how does it work?
3. What is EIP-1559 and what does it solve?
4. What is testing network and mainnet? What is a faucet? What can it do?
5. What is the difference between Externally-owned account (EOA) and Contract Account(CA)?

Smart Contract

1. What is the difference between the private, internal, public and external functions?
2. What is the difference between pure and view functions?
3. Are private visibility state variables able to be fetched from the blockchain?
4. What is the difference between call, staticcall and delegatecall?
5. What is the storage slot and its rules?
6. What is the difference between receive and fallback?
7. What does a modifier work? What is the execution order if there are multiple modifier?
8. What is the difference between tx.origin and msg.sender?
9. How to send native ether? What is the difference between call, send, transfer?
10. What is event, what is the purpose of emitting an event?

ERC-20 / ERC-721

1. What is the difference between transfer and transferFrom in ERC20?
2. What is the mechanism for approve function? What does it do?
3. What is the difference between ERC-20 and ERC-721? Why is ERC-721 equivalent to NFT?
4. What is the difference between transferFrom and safeTransferFrom in ERC-721?
5. What is the difference between approve and approveForAll in ERC-721?

Decentralized Finance

1. What is DEX? What is the difference between AMM and order book?
2. What is slippage in AMM? How to prevent them?
3. What is impermenant loss? How to calculate the loss?
4. What is sandwitch attack? How can it affect your swap?
5. What is the structure of Uniswap V2 (Related to core/periphery and Router/Pair/Factory)
6. What is the formula for Uniswap V2 and how it works?
7. What is the formula when minting liquidity in Uniswap V2 and how it works?
8. How to calculate the pair address in pairFor function?
9. What is arbitrage and how it works? How to calculate the reward?
10. What is liquidity mining?

Security

1. What is DoS (Denial of Service) issue? Are there any real-world examples?
2. What is reentrancy attack and examples of such vulnerability? How to mitigate the risk of potential exploit?
3. What is front-run attack, how can it affect your transaction?

Midterm 2

Security

1. What is 51% attack?
2. What is the purpose of smart contract auditing and its procedure?
3. What is the difference between verified and unverified smart contract?
4. What is reentrancy attack and examples of such vulnerability? How to mitigate the risk of potential exploit?
5. What is poisoning address and related phishing attack?

Risk Management / Traditional Finance

1. What is risk management and its fundamental principle?
2. What is the formula for Kullback-Leibler divergence? How does it operate, and what is the underlying rationale?
3. What is the Maximum Entropy Principle, and how is it analyzed, including the mechanism behind it?
4. What is the VIX index, and what defines its nature?
5. What are the effects following a Bitcoin halving event? Especially related to miner on the network?