Guidance for what to use as a unique identifier

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DCAT-US includes an identifier field.

This field allows third parties to maintain a consistent record for datasets even if title or URLs are updated. Agencies may integrate an existing system for maintaining unique identifiers. Each identifier must be unique across the agency’s catalog and remain fixed. It is highly recommended that a URI (preferably an HTTP URL) be used to provide a globally unique identifier. Identifier URLs should be designed and maintained to persist indefinitely regardless of whether the URL of the resource itself changes.

Should agencies use digital object identifiers when possible? Can agencies get access to a DOI service?

For geospatial datasets in ISO format, should fileIdentifier be made to match the DCAT-US identifier field?