Add notebook packaging guide to docs (#690)

add notebook packaging guide

Co-authored-by: Jun Sheng <jscheng@google.com>
Co-authored-by: Ishmeet Mehta <ishmeetm@google.com>

best-practices/ml-platform/docs/notebook/packaging.md

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+# Packaging Jupyter notebook as deployable code
+
+Jupyter notebook is widely used by data scientists and machine learning experts in their day to day work to interactively and iteratively develop. However, the `ipynb` format is typically not used as a deployable or packagable artifact. There are two scenarios that notebooks are converted to deployable/package artifacts: 
+  1. Model training tasks needed to convert to batch jobs to scale up with more computational resources
+  1. Model inference tasks needed to convert to an API server to serve the end-user requests
+
+In this guide we will showcase two different tools which may help faciliate converting your notebook to a deployable/packageable raw python library.
+
+This process can also be automated utilizing Continuous Integration (CI) tools such as [Cloud Build](https://cloud.google.com/build/).
+
+## Use jupytext to convert notebook to raw python and containerize
+
+1. Update the notebook to `Pair Notebook with Percent Format`
+
+    Jupytext comes with recent jupyter notebook or jupyter-lab. In addition to just converting from `ipynb` to python, it can pair between the formats. This allows for updates made in `ipynb` to be propagated to python and vice versa.
+
+    To pair the notebook, simply use the pair function in the File menu:
+
+    ![jupyter-pairing](../images/notebook/jupyter-pairing.png)
+
+    In this example we use the file [gpt-j-online.ipynb](https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/ai-on-gke/blob/main/ray-on-gke/examples/notebooks/gpt-j-online.ipynb):![jupyter-gpt-j-online-ipynb](../images/notebook/jupyter-gpt-j-online-ipynb.png)
+
+1. After pairing, we get the generated raw python:
+
+    ![jupyter-gpt-j-online-py](../images/notebook/jupyter-gpt-j-online-py.png)
+
+    **NOTE**: This conversion can also be performed via the `jupytext` cli with the following command:
+
+    ```sh
+    jupytext --set-formats ipynb,py:percent \
+        --to py gpt-j-online.ipynb
+    ```
+
+1. Extract the module dependencies
+
+    In the notebook environment, users typically install required python modules using `pip install` commands, but in the container environment, these dependencies need to be installed into the container prior to executing the python library.
+
+    We can use the `pipreqs` tool to generate the dependencies. Add the following snippet in a new cell of your notebook and run it:
+
+    ```sh
+    !pip install pipreqs
+    !pipreqs --scan-notebooks
+    ```
+
+    The following is an example output:
+
+    ![jupyter-generate-requirements](../images/notebook/jupyter-generate-requirements.png)
+    **NOTE**: (the `!cat requirements.txt` line is an example of the generated `requirements.txt`)
+
+1. Create the Dockerfile
+
+    To create the docker image of your generated raw python, we need to create a `Dockerfile`, below is an example. Replace `_THE_GENERATED_PYTHON_FILE_` with your generated python file:
+
+    ```Dockerfile
+    FROM nvidia/cuda:12.2.0-runtime-ubuntu22.04
+
+    RUN apt-get update && \
+        apt-get -y --no-install-recommends install python3-dev gcc python3-pip git && \
+        rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+    RUN pip3 install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt
+
+    COPY _THE_GENERATED_PYTHON_FILE_ /_THE_GENERATED_PYTHON_FILE_
+
+    ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1
+
+    CMD python3 /_THE_GENERATED_PYTHON_FILE_
+    ```
+
+1. [Optional] Lint and remove unused code
+
+    Using `pylint` to validate the generated code is a good practice. Pylint can detect unordered `import` statements, unused code and provide code readability suggestions.   
+
+    To use `pylint`, create a new cell in your notebook, run the code below and replace `_THE_GENERATED_PYTHON_FILE_` to your filename:
+
+    ```sh
+    !pip install pylint
+    !pylint _THE_GENERATED_PYTHON_FILE_
+    ```
+
+## Use nbconvert to convert notebook to raw python
+
+We can convert a Jupyter notebook to python script using nbconvert tool.  
+The nbconvert tool is available inside your Jupyter notebook environment in Google Colab Enterprise. If you are in another environment and it is not available, it can be found [here](https://pypi.org/project/nbconvert/)
+
+1. Run the nbconvert command in your notebook. In this example, we are using `gsutil` to copy the notebook to the Colab Enterprise notebook.
+
+    ```sh
+    !jupyter nbconvert --to python Fine-tune-Llama-Google-Colab.ipynb
+    ```
+
+    Below is an example of the commands
+    ![jupyter-nbconvert](../images/notebook/jupyter-nbconvert.png)