azure-cli: migrate to python@3.12

[luckman212]

azure-cli (az) now supports Python 3.12 (see Azure/azure-cli#2946).

This is the only formula on my system still remaining that requires 3.11 so it would be nice to finally update.

I built and tested this on macOS 14.6. This is my first such submission. I fumbled a bit with the steps to fork, update and submit this PR, so my sincere apologies if I did something incorrectly.

• Have you followed the guidelines for contributing?
• Have you ensured that your commits follow the commit style guide?
• Have you checked that there aren't other open pull requests for the same formula update/change?
• Have you built your formula locally with HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_FROM_API=1 brew install --build-from-source <formula>, where <formula> is the name of the formula you're submitting?
• Is your test running fine brew test <formula>, where <formula> is the name of the formula you're submitting?
• Does your build pass brew audit --strict <formula> (after doing HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_FROM_API=1 brew install --build-from-source <formula>)? If this is a new formula, does it pass brew audit --new <formula>?

[carlocab]

Thanks! Upstream have some automation that will remove this change at their next release, though, so corresponding changes need to be made there as well.

See Azure/azure-cli#23788 for an example.

[luckman212]

Ok @carlocab so just confirming, nothing else I need to do here, we are waiting for an upstream bump?

[branchvincent]

hey @bebound, I see you recently closed Azure/azure-cli#27673 but Azure/azure-cli#27196 and Azure/azure-cli#28829 are still open. Is azure-cli ready for 3.12?

[bebound]

These two issues need to be fixed before we bump the bundled Python to 3.12.
I'll update the formula then.

[carlocab]

Looks like this isn't ready just yet. Thanks for the PR anyway, @luckman212!