This is the official implementation of our paper "Which Shortcut Solution Do Question Answering Models Prefer to Learn?" (Kazutoshi Shinoda, Saku Sugawara, Akiko Aizawa) at AAAI-23.
- torch==1.10
- transformers==4.18.0
The used random seeds were 42, 43, 44, 45, and 46.
We basically used the same hyperparameters as the original papers.
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Extractive QA
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analyze_datasets.py
data="${SQuAD_DIR}/train-v1.1.json" n_workers="4" nohup python -u analyze_datasets.py --data_path ${data} --n_workers ${n_workers} --do_light --analyses answer-position-sentence question-context-ngram-overlap-per-sent question-context-similar-sent answer-candidates > log/analysis &
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Multiple-choice QA
- PreviewQAExamples&BiasAnalysis.ipynb
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Training and Evaluation
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Extractive QA
SEED="42" GPU_ID="0" RUN_NAME="bert_squad_3d-biased-aps-qcss-ac_seed${SEED}" PJ_NAME="exqa-squad" CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=$GPU_ID nohup python -u run_squad.py --project $PJ_NAME \ --model_type bert \ --model_name_or_path bert-base-uncased --do_lower_case \ --do_train --do_eval --output_dir $RE_EXQA_OUT_DIR/$RUN_NAME --warmup_ratio 0.1 --num_train_epochs 10 --save_steps 200 --logging_train_steps 50 --log_before_train --evaluate_during_training --overwrite_output_dir --threads 4 --do_biased_train \ --bias_1 answer-position-sentence \ --bias_1_included_in 0 \ --bias_2 question-context-similar-sent \ --bias_2_included_in 0 \ --bias_3 answer-candidates \ --bias_3_included_in 1 \ --train_file $SQuAD_DIR/train-v1.1.json \ --predict_file $SQuAD_DIR/dev-v1.1.json \ --seed $SEED > log/$RUN_NAME & -
Multiple-choice QA
SEED="42" RUN_NAME="bert_race_biased-maxlo-1-top50-1_seed${SEED}" CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=1 WANDB_PROJECT="mcqa-race" nohup python -u run_multiple_choice.py \ --task_name race --model_name_or_path bert-base-uncased \ --bias_1 correct-has-max-lexical-overlap \ --bias_1_included_in 1 \ --bias_2 only-correct-has-top50-words \ --bias_2_included_in 1 \ --do_biased_train --do_train --do_eval --do_predict \ --predict_all_checkpoints --data_dir $RACE_DIR \ --learning_rate 1e-5 --num_train_epochs 10 --max_seq_length 512 \ --output_dir $RE_MCQA_OUT_DIR/$RUN_NAME \ --per_device_eval_batch_size 16 \ --per_device_train_batch_size 8 \ --gradient_accumulation_steps 4 \ --max_grad_norm 1 \ --adam_beta1 0.9 \ --adam_beta2 0.98 \ --adam_epsilon 1e-6 \ --warmup_ratio 0.06 \ --weight_decay 0.01 \ --logging_steps 10 \ --save_steps 100 \ --eval_steps 100 \ --evaluate_during_training \ --seed $SEED \ --overwrite_output > log/$RUN_NAME &
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Results
- Biased-AntiBiased-Evaluation.ipynb
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Experiments (This will take few days.)
- Training
SEED="42" RUN_NAME="bert_squad_vis-aps_1400-ex_seed42" PJ_NAME="exqa-squad" CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 nohup python -u run_squad.py --project $PJ_NAME --model_type bert --model_name_or_path bert-base-uncased --do_lower_case --do_train --do_eval --do_fewshot_train --num_fewshot_examples 1400 --output_dir $RE_EXQA_OUT_DIR/$RUN_NAME --warmup_ratio 0.1 --num_train_epochs 10 --logging_train_steps 1000 --evaluate_during_training --overwrite_output_dir --threads 4 --do_biased_train --bias_1 answer-position-sentence --bias_1_included_in 0 --bias_2 question-context-similar-sent --bias_2_not_equal answer-position-sentence --bias_3 answer-candidates --bias_3_larger_than 2 --train_file $SQuAD_DIR/train-v1.1.json --predict_file $SQuAD_DIR/dev-v1.1.json --seed $SEED > log/$RUN_NAME &- Computing the surface
MODEL_ID="bert_squad_vis-aps_1400-ex_seed42" PLOT_ID="bert_squad" WIDTH="101" CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=2 nohup python -u plot_surface.py \ --plot_id $PLOT_ID \ --task_type ex-qa \ --task_name squad \ --surface_id ${MODEL_ID}_width-${WIDTH} \ --base_model_path $RE_EXQA_OUT_DIR/bert_squad \ --model_path $RE_EXQA_OUT_DIR/$MODEL_ID \ --batch_size 256 \ --width $WIDTH \ --do_setup \ --do_random_plot > log/${MODEL_ID}_width-${WIDTH} & -
Visualization
- Please download ParaView for surface visualization from the official site.
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Training and Evaluation
- Extractive QA
PJ_NAME="exqa-squad" SEED="42" GPU_ID="0" NUM_FEWSHOT="1400" KEY="ex-long" RUN_NAME="bert_squad_mdl-aps_${KEY}_seed${SEED}" CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=${GPU_ID} nohup python -u run_squad.py --project $PJ_NAME --model_type bert \ --model_name_or_path bert-base-uncased --do_lower_case --do_train \ --do_online_code --do_fewshot_train --num_fewshot_examples $NUM_FEWSHOT \ --do_fewshot_unique_features --do_exclude_long_context \ --seed $SEED --output_dir $RE_EXQA_OUT_DIR/MDL/$RUN_NAME \ --warmup_ratio 0.1 --overwrite_output_dir --threads 4 --do_biased_train \ --bias_1 answer-position-sentence --bias_1_included_in 0 \ --bias_2 question-context-similar-sent --bias_2_not_equal answer-position-sentence \ --bias_3 answer-candidates --bias_3_larger_than 2 \ --train_file $SQuAD_DIR/train-v1.1.json --predict_file $SQuAD_DIR/dev-v1.1.json --seed $SEED > log/$RUN_NAME &- Multiple-choice QA
- run_multiple_choice.py
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Results
- RissanenDataAnalysis.ipynb
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Training and Evaluation
- Extractive QA
SEED="42" GPU_ID="1" RATIO="0.8" RUN_NAME="bert_squad_1d-blend-aps-${RATIO}_5k-ex_seed${SEED}" PJ_NAME="exqa-squad" CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=$GPU_ID nohup python -u run_squad.py --project $PJ_NAME \ --model_type bert \ --model_name_or_path bert-base-uncased --do_lower_case \ --do_train --do_eval --output_dir $RE_EXQA_OUT_DIR/$RUN_NAME --warmup_ratio 0.1 --num_train_epochs 10 --logging_train_steps 1000 --save_steps 1000 --num_total_examples 5000 --overwrite_output_dir --threads 4 \ --do_biased_train \ --bias_1 answer-position-sentence \ --bias_1_included_in 0 \ --bias_2 answer-candidates \ --bias_2_larger_than 1 \ --do_blend_anti_biased \ --anti_biased_ratio $RATIO \ --anti_bias_1 answer-position-sentence \ --anti_bias_1_larger_than 1 \ --anti_bias_2 answer-candidates \ --anti_bias_2_larger_than 1 \ --train_file $SQuAD_DIR/train-v1.1.json \ --predict_file $SQuAD_DIR/dev-v1.1.json \ --seed $SEED > log/$RUN_NAME &- Multiple-choice QA
- run_multiple_choice.py
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Results
- Biased-AntiBiased-Evaluation.ipynb
If you find our codes useful, please cite our paper.
@article{Shinoda_Sugawara_Aizawa_2023,
title={Which Shortcut Solution Do Question Answering Models Prefer to Learn?},
volume={37},
url={https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/view/26590},
DOI={10.1609/aaai.v37i11.26590},
number={11},
journal={Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence},
author={Shinoda, Kazutoshi and Sugawara, Saku and Aizawa, Akiko},
year={2023},
month={Jun.},
pages={13564-13572}
}
Please feel free to contact me if you have any suggestions or questions.
Email: kazutoshi.shinoda0516@gmail.com / X(Twitter): @shino__c