MDBF-784 - add debian-12 / fedora-40 to status builders

[RazvanLiviuVarzaru]

Upgrading amd64 : fedora-40 and debian-12 to status builders.
@vladbogo this partially closes #464

I propose a 3 phase approach for this upgrade.

Phase 1 (covered in this pull request)

• adding amd64-debian-12 / amd64-fedora-40 to status builders.
• similar to the EOL builders -> defining last-N-failed and debug-embedded builders
• this will add additional workload to hz-bbw1 and hz-bbw4

Phase 2 (GitHub -> Settings -> Branch Protection)

• if the new builders are stable then: remove debian-10 / fedora-38 from MariaDB/Server branch protection
• add the new builders in branch protection

Phase 3 (remove Debian 10 / Fedora 38 from BB)

• separate pull-request
• there are more than protected branches builders running on debian 10 / fedora-38. Special attention to tarball-docker (debian-10), debian-10-bintar and ECO (debian 10).

@grooverdan
@cvicentiu
@vladbogo

Other than these observations (as of now):

• Fedora 38 / Debian 10 -> builds on MariaDB server versions >= 10.5
• Fedora 40 / Debian 12 -> builds on MariaDB server versions >= 10.11

To be discussed if it needs adjustment.
Please let me know who else should join this discussion or tag appropriately.

[RazvanLiviuVarzaru]

@vladbogo / @grooverdan
After discussing with the team on Slack, I've cut a few corners by:

• (Part of phase 2) removing from branch protection debian 10 / fedora 38

• (Phase 3) this patch will remove the builders also

• ECO / bintar - to be fixed in another patch to keep things on the subject.