Pin dependency versions when installing historical versions

Now that we're running Python 3.9 as the base version we are
encountering compatibility issues with some of our dependencies because
3.9 supports newer versions of things like numpy than older Qiskit
releases were compatible with. The only way to work around this is to
pin the versions when installing historical versions. To start this sets
a single constraints version since we can get away with using the same
version for everything. In the future though it is possible that we'll
need separate files for different historical releases.

test/qpy_compat/process_version.sh

@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ if [[ ! -d qpy_$version ]] ; then
     echo "Building venv for qiskit-terra $version"
     python -m venv $version
     if [[ ${parts[0]} -eq 0 ]] ; then
-        ./$version/bin/pip install "qiskit-terra==$version"
+        ./$version/bin/pip install -c qpy_test_constraints.txt "qiskit-terra==$version"
     else
-        ./$version/bin/pip install "qiskit==$version"
+        ./$version/bin/pip install -c qpy_test_constraints.txt "qiskit==$version"
     fi
     mkdir qpy_$version
     pushd qpy_$version

test/qpy_compat/qpy_test_constraints.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+numpy===1.24.4
+scipy===1.10.1

test/qpy_compat/run_tests.sh

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ export PYTHONHASHSEED=$(python -S -c "import random; print(random.randint(1, 429
 echo "PYTHONHASHSEED=$PYTHONHASHSEED"
 
 python -m venv qiskit_venv
-qiskit_venv/bin/pip install ../..
+qiskit_venv/bin/pip install -c ../../constraints.txt ../..
 
 parallel bash ./process_version.sh ::: `git tag --sort=-creatordate`