Prepare 0.45.0 release (#11169)

* Edit last batch of notes

* Edit notes from rc1

* Remove 0.25 backports from releasenotes/notes/0.45

* Remove 0.25 backports from releasenotes/notes

* Add config for reno sections

* Add reno sections

* Change version number to 0.45.0

* Add prelude

* Add missing sections, order sections alphabetically

* Restore fixes release notes

* Remove fixes_quantum_info

* Minor fixes

* Fix release notes heading level

* Fix indentation

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Matthew Treinish <mtreinish@kortar.org>

* Apply suggestions from code review

* Attempt to fix sphinx complaint

* Another attempt to fix Sphinx complaint

* Refactor prelude, hopefully fix Sphinx?

* Fix duplicated categories

* Fix typo

* Fixes in the prelude

* Flatten reno subsections

* Apply suggestions from Matt's code review

Co-authored-by: Matthew Treinish <mtreinish@kortar.org>

* Fix config

* Apply suggestions from Matt's code review - part 2

* Correct typos from applying suggestions

* Add gate map viz plot

* Fix some api refs

* Apply suggestions from Matt's code review

Co-authored-by: Matthew Treinish <mtreinish@kortar.org>

* Add suggestions from Matt's code review

* Update qiskit/circuit/__init__.py

Co-authored-by: Matthew Treinish <mtreinish@kortar.org>

* Last try at reno subsections

* Revert "Last try at reno subsections"

This reverts commit 1b8a610.

* Apply suggestions from Matt's code review

Co-authored-by: Matthew Treinish <mtreinish@kortar.org>

---------

Co-authored-by: Matthew Treinish <mtreinish@kortar.org>

docs/release_notes.rst

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 .. _release-notes:
 
-=============
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%
 Release Notes
-=============
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%
 
 This page contains the release notes for Qiskit, starting from the point at which the legacy
 "elements" structure was completely removed.  For release notes stretching back through the old

qiskit/VERSION.txt

@@ -1 +1 @@
-0.45.0rc1
+0.45.0

qiskit/circuit/__init__.py

@@ -294,6 +294,7 @@
    BreakLoopOp
    ContinueLoopOp
 
+
 The :class:`.SwitchCaseOp` also understands a special value:
 
 .. py:data:: CASE_DEFAULT
@@ -349,6 +350,25 @@
 .. autofunction:: random_circuit
 .. currentmodule:: qiskit.circuit
 
+Circuit Analysis
+----------------
+
+.. autosummary::
+   :toctree: ../stubs/
+
+   CommutationChecker
+
+Annotated Operations
+--------------------
+
+.. autosummary::
+   :toctree: ../stubs/
+
+   AnnotatedOperation
+   ControlModifier
+   PowerModifier
+   InverseModifier
+
 Exceptions
 ----------
 
@@ -384,6 +404,7 @@
 from .register import Register
 from . import library
 from .commutation_checker import CommutationChecker
+from .annotated_operation import AnnotatedOperation, ControlModifier, PowerModifier, InverseModifier
 
 from .controlflow import (
     ControlFlowOp,

qiskit_pkg/setup.py

@@ -26,11 +26,11 @@
 with open(README_PATH) as readme_file:
     README = readme_file.read()
 
-requirements = ["qiskit-terra==0.45.0rc1"]
+requirements = ["qiskit-terra==0.45.0"]
 
 setup(
     name="qiskit",
-    version="0.45.0rc1",
+    version="0.45.0",
     description="Software for developing quantum computing programs",
     long_description=README,
     long_description_content_type="text/markdown",

releasenotes/config.yaml

@@ -1,3 +1,49 @@
 ---
 encoding: utf8
 default_branch: main
+collapse_pre_releases: true
+sections:
+    - [features, New Features]
+    - [features_algorithms, Algorithms Features]
+    - [features_circuits, Circuits Features]
+    - [features_primitives, Primitives Features]
+    - [features_providers, Providers Features]
+    - [features_pulse, Pulse Features]
+    - [features_qasm, OpenQASM Features]
+    - [features_qpy, QPY Features]
+    - [features_quantum_info, Quantum Information Features]
+    - [features_synthesis, Synthesis Features]
+    - [features_transpiler, Transpiler Features]
+    - [features_visualization, Visualization Features]
+    - [features_misc, Misc. Features]
+    - [issues, Known Issues]
+    - [upgrade, Upgrade Notes]
+    - [upgrade_algorithms, Algorithms Upgrade Notes]
+    - [upgrade_circuits, Circuits Upgrade Notes]
+    - [upgrade_primitives, Primitives Upgrade Notes]
+    - [upgrade_providers, Providers Upgrade Notes]
+    - [upgrade_pulse, Pulse Upgrade Notes]
+    - [upgrade_qasm, OpenQASM Upgrade Notes]
+    - [upgrade_qpy, QPY Upgrade Notes]
+    - [upgrade_quantum_info, Quantum Information Upgrade Notes]
+    - [upgrade_synthesis, Synthesis Upgrade Notes]
+    - [upgrade_transpiler, Transpiler Upgrade Notes]
+    - [upgrade_visualization, Visualization Upgrade Notes]
+    - [upgrade_misc, Misc. Upgrade Notes]
+    - [deprecations, Deprecation Notes]
+    - [deprecations_algorithms, Algorithms Deprecations]
+    - [deprecations_circuits, Circuits Deprecations]
+    - [deprecations_primitives, Primitives Deprecations]
+    - [deprecations_providers, Providers Deprecations]
+    - [deprecations_pulse, Pulse Deprecations]
+    - [deprecations_qasm, OpenQASM Deprecations]
+    - [deprecations_qpy, QPY Deprecations]
+    - [deprecations_quantum_info, Quantum Information Deprecations]
+    - [deprecations_synthesis, Synthesis Deprecations]
+    - [deprecations_transpiler, Transpiler Deprecations]
+    - [deprecations_visualization, Visualization Deprecations]
+    - [deprecations_misc, Misc. Deprecations]
+    - [critical, Critical Issues]
+    - [security, Security Issues]
+    - [fixes, Bug Fixes]
+    - [other, Other Notes]

releasenotes/notes/0.45/Adding-BackendV2-support-to-schedule-of-qiskit.compiler.scheduler-a0366d3397c73af0.yaml

@@ -1,21 +1,22 @@
 ---
-features:
+features_pulse:
   - |
-    Enables circuit to pulse scheduling using BackendV2.
-    
+    Enabled circuit-to-pulse scheduling using :class:`~.BackendV2`.
+
     .. code-block:: python
-    
-      # import a fake backend which is a sub-class of BackendV2.
+
+      # import a fake backend which is a sub-class of BackendV2
       from qiskit.providers.fake_provider import FakePerth
       from qiskit.compiler.scheduler import schedule
       from qiskit.circuit import QuantumCircuit
-      
+
       qc = QuantumCircuit(1, 1)
       qc.x(0)
       qc.measure(0,0)
       sched = schedule(circuits=qc, backend=FakePerth())
 
-    Since, BackendV2 was not supported by the :func:`~qiskit.compiler.schedule` function, this caused
-    schedule method to error out when the :code:`backend` argument is supplied with :class:`.BackendV2`. 
-    Refer to `#10837 <https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/issues/10837>` for more information.
+    Since :class:`.BackendV2` was not supported by the :func:`~qiskit.compiler.schedule`
+    function, this caused the :meth:`~.schedule` method to error out when the ``backend``
+    argument was supplied with an instance of :class:`.BackendV2`.
+    Refer to `#10837 <https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/issues/10837>`_ for more information.
 

releasenotes/notes/0.45/add-annotated-operations-de35a0d8d98eec23.yaml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-features:
+features_circuits:
   - |
     Added a new class :class:`~.AnnotatedOperation` that is a subclass of
     :class:`~.Operation` and represents some "base operation" modified by a
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ features:
     As of now, the annotated operations can appear only in the top-level of a quantum
     circuit, that is they cannot appear inside of the recursively-defined ``definition``
     circuit. We are planning to remove this limitation later.
+features_transpiler:
   - |
-    The :class:`.HighLevelSynthesis` is extended to synthesize circuits with objects
+    The :class:`.HighLevelSynthesis` class is extended to synthesize circuits with objects
     of type :class:`~.AnnotatedOperation`.

releasenotes/notes/0.45/add-clifford-from-linear-and-permutation-7a2bdbaae7c1c7e8.yaml

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 ---
-features:
+features_quantum_info:
   - |
     Added :meth:`.Clifford.from_linear_function` and :meth:`.Clifford.from_permutation`
-    methods that create a ``Clifford`` object from :class:`~.LinearFunction`
-    and from :class:`~.PermutationGate` respectively. As a consequence, a ``Clifford``
-    can now be constructed directly from a ``LinearFunction``, a ``PermutationGate``, or
+    methods that create a :class:`.Clifford` object from :class:`~.LinearFunction`
+    and from :class:`~.PermutationGate` respectively. As a consequence, a :class:`.Clifford`
+    can now be constructed directly from a :class:`~.LinearFunction`, a :class:`.PermutationGate`, or
     a quantum circuit containing such gates.

releasenotes/notes/0.45/add-expr-to-drawers-7a1ffa802064cad7.yaml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-features:
+features_visualization:
   - |
     Added the ability to display conditions as expressions from
     :class:`.Expr` in the :meth:`.QuantumCircuit.draw` method and the

releasenotes/notes/0.45/add-limits-in-commutation-checker-66a1b9e90921621f.yaml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-features:
+features_circuits:
   - |
     Added a new option ``max_num_qubits`` to :meth:`qiskit.circuit.CommutationChecker.commute`
     that specifies the maximum number of qubits to consider for the more expensive

releasenotes/notes/0.45/add-operator-draw-method-47f0381ba3f2a280.yaml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
-features:
+features_quantum_info:
   - |
-    The :class:`Operator` class now has a :meth:`~.Operator.draw` method allowing it to be displayed as 
-    a text matrix, IPython LaTeX object or LaTeX source. The default draw type still is the ASCII 
+    The :class:`.Operator` class now has a :meth:`~.Operator.draw` method allowing it to be displayed as
+    a text matrix, IPython LaTeX object or LaTeX source. The default draw type still is the ASCII
     ``__repr__`` of the operator.
 

releasenotes/notes/0.45/add-passmanager-module-3ae30cff52cb83f1.yaml

@@ -1,74 +1,76 @@
 ---
-features:
+features_transpiler:
   - |
-    A new module :mod:`qiskit.passmanager` is added.
+    A new :mod:`qiskit.passmanager` module has been added to the Qiskit library.
     This module implements a generic pass manager and flow controllers,
     and provides infrastructure to manage execution of pass manager tasks.
-    The pass manager is a base class and not aware of the input and output object types,
-    and subclass must be created for a particular program type to optimize.
-    The :mod:`qiskit.transpiler` module is also reorganized to rebuild the existing
-    pass manager based off of the generic pass manager.
+    The module provides base classes for passes (:class:`.GenericPass`) and
+    flow controllers (:class:`.BaseController`),
+    as well as a new interface class, :class:`.passmanager.Task`, to manage the
+    execution of the pass manager (see the :meth:`.Task.execute` method).
+    These new classes follow the composite pattern, as flow controllers are
+    collections of passes, and a controller can be recursively nested into
+    the task pipeline. It must also be noted the base classes are not not aware
+    of the input and output object types,
+    and they must be subclassed for a particular program type to optimize.
+    This unified design reduces the complexity of the conventional pass manager,
+    and no longer requires the use of classes such as the :class:`.RunningPassManager`
+    to handle the execution logic dispatch and task structure renormalization.
+    The :mod:`qiskit.transpiler` module has been reorganized to rebuild the existing
+    pass managers based off of the generic pass manager.
     See upgrade notes for more details.
-upgrade:
+
+
+upgrade_transpiler:
   - |
-    One new base class for passes (:class:`.GenericPass`) and one for flow controllers (:class:`.BaseController`)
-    are introduced in the :mod:`qiskit.passmanager` module.
-    Because the flow controller is a collection of passes and a controller can be recursively
-    nested into the task pipeline, new classes are designed with the idea of
-    the composite pattern, and the interface class :class:`.passmanager.Task`
-    is also introduced. This class defines the signature of a :meth:`.Task.execute` method.
-    This unified design eliminates complexity of the conventional pass manager;
-    the execution logic dispatch and task structure renormalization
-    are no longer necessary, whom the :class:`.RunningPassManager` used to be responsible for.
-    Existing flow controllers :class:`.FlowControllerLinear`,
+    As a consequence of the pass manager refactoring efforts, existing flow controllers:
+    :class:`.FlowControllerLinear`,
     :class:`.ConditionalController`, and :class:`.DoWhileController` are now subclasses of
     the :class:`.BaseController`.
-    Note that these controllers are no longer iterable, as they drop the implementation of
-    :meth:`~object.__iter__` method; they are now only iterable in the context of a flow-controller
+    Note that these controllers have dropped the implementation of the :meth:`~object.__iter__`
+    method. They are now only iterable in the context of a flow-controller
     execution, which threads the compilation state through after each inner task is executed.
   - |
-    The :class:`.RunningPassManager` becomes largely an alias of :class:`.FlowControllerLinear`,
-    and this class will be completely replaced with the flow controller in the feature release.
-    This means the running pass manager becomes a stateless flow controller, and
-    the pass manager framework consists of :class:`.BasePassManager` and :class:`.BaseController`.
-    The pass manager is responsible for the construction of task pipeline,
-    while the controller is responsible for the execution of associated tasks.
-    Subclassing the :class:`.RunningPassManager` is no longer recommended.
+    The functionalitly of the :class:`.RunningPassManager` class has been superseded by the
+    new pass manager framework (:class:`.BasePassManager` and :class:`.BaseController`).
+    The running pass manager is now a stateless flow controller (essentially, an alias of
+    :class:`.FlowControllerLinear`), as the pass manager is responsible for the construction
+    of task pipeline, while the controller is responsible for the execution of associated tasks.
+    Subclassing the :class:`.RunningPassManager` is no longer recommended, and this class
+    will be completely replaced with the flow controller in future releases.
   - |
-    A new class :class:`.WorkflowStatus` is introduced to track the status of pass manager workflow.
-    This portable object is created when the pass manager is run,
+    A new class, :class:`.WorkflowStatus`, has been introduced to track the status of the
+    pass manager workflow. This portable object is created when the pass manager is run,
     and handed over to the underlying tasks.
-    Such status was previously managed by the :class:`.RunningPassManager` with instance variables,
-    however, now running pass manager becomes a controller object.
+    Such status was previously managed by the :class:`.RunningPassManager` with instance
+    variables.
   - |
-    The transpiler-specific (:func:`.transpile`) :class:`.transpiler.PassManager` is now a subclass of
-    the :class:`.passmanager.BasePassManager`.
-    There is no API break at public member level due to this class hierarchy change.
+    The transpiler-specific :class:`.transpiler.PassManager` (used in :func:`.transpile`)
+    is now a subclass of :class:`.passmanager.BasePassManager`. However, this class hierarchy
+    change doesn't introduce any breaking change to the public-facing API.
   - |
-    A new exception :exc:`~qiskit.passmanager.PassManagerError` is introduced as the base class of
-    exceptions raised during pass-manager execution.  The transpiler-specific
-    :class:`.transpile.PassManager` continues to raise :exc:`.TranspilerError`, which is now a
-    subclass of :exc:`.PassManagerError`, for errors raised by specific tasks.  A generic failure of
-    the pass-manager machinery, typically indicating programmer error and not recoverable, will
-    raise :exc:`.PassManagerError` for general pass managers, but :class:`.transpile.PassManager`
-    will currently wrap this in its specific :exc:`.TranspilerError` for backwards compatibility.
+    Exceptions raised during pass-manager execution now inherit from the newly introduced
+    :exc:`~qiskit.passmanager.PassManagerError`. A generic failure of the pass-manager
+    machinery will raise :exc:`.PassManagerError` for general pass managers, but the
+    transpiler-specific :class:`.transpile.PassManager` will currently wrap this in its
+    specific :exc:`.TranspilerError` for backwards compatibility.
     This wrapping will be removed in the future.
   - |
-    Use of :class:`.FencedObject` in the pass manager framework is removed.
-    These wrapper class cannot protect mutable object attribute from modification,
-    and protection doesn't matter as long as the code is properly implemented;
-    analysis passes should not modify an input IR,
-    controllers should not update the property set, and so forth.
-    Implementation of the proper code is the responsibility of pass manager developer.
-deprecations:
+    The use of :class:`.FencedObject` in the pass manager framework has been removed.
+    This wrapper class cannot protect mutable object attributes from modification,
+    and this should not be an issue for properly implemented code. Analysis passes
+    should not modify an input IR, controllers should not update the property set,
+    and so forth. It's the pass manager developer's responsibility to ensure that
+    the pass is not modifying object attributes,
+deprecations_transpiler:
   - |
     The flow controller factory method :meth:`.FlowController.controller_factory` is deprecated
     along with :meth:`.FlowController.add_flow_controller` and
-    :meth:`.FlowController.remove_flow_controller`,
-    as we are also going to deprecate task construction with
-    keyword arguments in the :meth:`.BasePassManager.append` method.
+    :meth:`.FlowController.remove_flow_controller`. In the future,
+    task construction with keyword arguments in the :meth:`.BasePassManager.append` method
+    will also be deprecated.
     Controllers must be explicitly instantiated and appended to the pass manager.
-    For example, conventional syntax
+    For example, the previously used conventional syntax
 
     .. code-block:: python
 
@@ -88,11 +90,11 @@ deprecations:
   - |
     The :meth:`.FlowControllerLinear.append`, :meth:`.DoWhileController.append`,
     and :meth:`.ConditionalController.append` methods are all deprecated immediately.
-    The construction of pass manager task pipeline is the role of :class:`.BasePassManager`,
-    and individual flow controller do not need to implement method like this.  For a flow
-    controller, you should pass all the passes in one go directly to the constructor.
+    The construction of the pass manager task pipeline is now the role of :class:`.BasePassManager`,
+    and individual flow controllers do not need to this method.  For a flow
+    controller, all the passes should be specificed in one go directly to the constructor.
   - |
     The general attribute and variable name :code:`passes` is replaced with :code:`tasks`
     all over the :mod:`qiskit.passmanager` module. Note that a task must indicate a union of pass
     and controller, and the singular form `pass` conflicts with the Python keyword.
-    In this sense, use of `tasks` is much preferable.
+    In this sense, the use of `tasks` is much preferable.

releasenotes/notes/0.45/add-qpy-symbolic-encoding-81d5321af38f259f.yaml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
-features:
+features_qpy:
   - |
-    QPY supports the use of symengine-native serialization and deserialization
+    QPY now supports the use of symengine-native serialization and deserialization
     for objects of type ``ParameterExpression`` as well as symbolic expressions in
     Pulse schedule blocks. This is a faster serialization alternative, but not
     supported in all platforms. Please check that your target platform is supported

releasenotes/notes/0.45/add-sabre-starting-layout-7e151b7abb8a6c13.yaml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-features:
+features_transpiler:
   - |
     Added a new analysis :class:`.SabrePreLayout` pass that creates a starting
     layout for :class:`.SabreLayout`, writing the layout into the property set

releasenotes/notes/0.45/add-skip_check-option-UnitaryGate-fb3fad8a9ac3c156.yaml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-features:
+features_circuits:
   - |
     Added a new argument, ``check_input``, to the constructor for the
     :class:`~.UnitaryGate` class. This flag is used to disable the default

releasenotes/notes/0.45/add-target-to-hls.yaml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-features:
+features_transpiler:
   - |
     Added the arguments ``coupling_map``, ``target`` and ``use_qubit_indices`` to
     :class:`.HighLevelSynthesis` transpiler pass. The argument ``target`` specifies