fix: Subscription source bugs fix (#1626)

For #1620.

- Add timeouts for websocket operations for connections to rippled.
Without these timeouts if connection hangs for some reason, clio
wouldn't know the connection is hanging.
- Fix potential data race in choosing new subscription source which will
forward messages to users.
- Optimise switching between subscription sources.

src/etl/LoadBalancer.cpp

@@ -109,10 +109,13 @@ LoadBalancer::LoadBalancer(
             validatedLedgers,
             forwardingTimeout,
             [this]() {
-                if (not hasForwardingSource_)
+                if (not hasForwardingSource_.lock().get())
+                    chooseForwardingSource();
+            },
+            [this](bool wasForwarding) {
+                if (wasForwarding)
                     chooseForwardingSource();
             },
-            [this]() { chooseForwardingSource(); },
             [this]() {
                 if (forwardingCache_.has_value())
                     forwardingCache_->invalidate();
@@ -315,11 +318,12 @@ void
 LoadBalancer::chooseForwardingSource()
 {
     LOG(log_.info()) << "Choosing a new source to forward subscriptions";
-    hasForwardingSource_ = false;
+    auto hasForwardingSourceLock = hasForwardingSource_.lock();
+    hasForwardingSourceLock.get() = false;
     for (auto& source : sources_) {
-        if (not hasForwardingSource_ and source->isConnected()) {
+        if (not hasForwardingSourceLock.get() and source->isConnected()) {
             source->setForwarding(true);
-            hasForwardingSource_ = true;
+            hasForwardingSourceLock.get() = true;
         } else {
             source->setForwarding(false);
         }

src/etl/LoadBalancer.hpp

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include "etl/Source.hpp"
 #include "etl/impl/ForwardingCache.hpp"
 #include "feed/SubscriptionManagerInterface.hpp"
+#include "util/Mutex.hpp"
 #include "util/config/Config.hpp"
 #include "util/log/Logger.hpp"
 
@@ -38,7 +39,6 @@
 #include <org/xrpl/rpc/v1/ledger.pb.h>
 #include <ripple/proto/org/xrpl/rpc/v1/xrp_ledger.grpc.pb.h>
 
-#include <atomic>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <memory>
@@ -74,7 +74,10 @@ class LoadBalancer {
     std::optional<ETLState> etlState_;
     std::uint32_t downloadRanges_ =
         DEFAULT_DOWNLOAD_RANGES; /*< The number of markers to use when downloading initial ledger */
-    std::atomic_bool hasForwardingSource_{false};
+
+    // Using mutext instead of atomic_bool because choosing a new source to
+    // forward messages should be done with a mutual exclusion otherwise there will be a race condition
+    util::Mutex<bool> hasForwardingSource_{false};
 
 public:
     /**

src/etl/Source.hpp

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ namespace etl {
 class SourceBase {
 public:
     using OnConnectHook = std::function<void()>;
-    using OnDisconnectHook = std::function<void()>;
+    using OnDisconnectHook = std::function<void(bool)>;
     using OnLedgerClosedHook = std::function<void()>;
 
     virtual ~SourceBase() = default;

src/etl/impl/SubscriptionSource.cpp

@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 #include "rpc/JS.hpp"
 #include "util/Retry.hpp"
 #include "util/log/Logger.hpp"
+#include "util/prometheus/Label.hpp"
+#include "util/prometheus/Prometheus.hpp"
 #include "util/requests/Types.hpp"
 
 #include <boost/algorithm/string/classification.hpp>
@@ -66,22 +68,28 @@ SubscriptionSource::SubscriptionSource(
     OnConnectHook onConnect,
     OnDisconnectHook onDisconnect,
     OnLedgerClosedHook onLedgerClosed,
-    std::chrono::steady_clock::duration const connectionTimeout,
+    std::chrono::steady_clock::duration const wsTimeout,
     std::chrono::steady_clock::duration const retryDelay
 )
     : log_(fmt::format("SubscriptionSource[{}:{}]", ip, wsPort))
     , wsConnectionBuilder_(ip, wsPort)
     , validatedLedgers_(std::move(validatedLedgers))
     , subscriptions_(std::move(subscriptions))
     , strand_(boost::asio::make_strand(ioContext))
+    , wsTimeout_(wsTimeout)
     , retry_(util::makeRetryExponentialBackoff(retryDelay, RETRY_MAX_DELAY, strand_))
     , onConnect_(std::move(onConnect))
     , onDisconnect_(std::move(onDisconnect))
     , onLedgerClosed_(std::move(onLedgerClosed))
+    , lastMessageTimeSecondsSinceEpoch_(PrometheusService::gaugeInt(
+          "subscription_source_last_message_time",
+          util::prometheus::Labels({{"source", fmt::format("{}:{}", ip, wsPort)}}),
+          "Seconds since epoch of the last message received from rippled subscription streams"
+      ))
 {
     wsConnectionBuilder_.addHeader({boost::beast::http::field::user_agent, "clio-client"})
         .addHeader({"X-User", "clio-client"})
-        .setConnectionTimeout(connectionTimeout);
+        .setConnectionTimeout(wsTimeout_);
 }
 
 SubscriptionSource::~SubscriptionSource()
@@ -167,21 +175,22 @@ SubscriptionSource::subscribe()
             }
 
             wsConnection_ = std::move(connection).value();
-            isConnected_ = true;
-            onConnect_();
-            LOG(log_.info()) << "Connected";
 
             auto const& subscribeCommand = getSubscribeCommandJson();
-            auto const writeErrorOpt = wsConnection_->write(subscribeCommand, yield);
+            auto const writeErrorOpt = wsConnection_->write(subscribeCommand, yield, wsTimeout_);
             if (writeErrorOpt) {
                 handleError(writeErrorOpt.value(), yield);
                 return;
             }
 
+            isConnected_ = true;
+            LOG(log_.info()) << "Connected";
+            onConnect_();
+
             retry_.reset();
 
             while (!stop_) {
-                auto const message = wsConnection_->read(yield);
+                auto const message = wsConnection_->read(yield, wsTimeout_);
                 if (not message) {
                     handleError(message.error(), yield);
                     return;
@@ -256,8 +265,6 @@ SubscriptionSource::handleMessage(std::string const& message)
                 } else if (object.contains(JS(type)) && object.at(JS(type)) == JS_ManifestReceived) {
                     LOG(log_.debug()) << "Forwarding manifest: " << object;
                     subscriptions_->forwardManifest(object);
-                } else {
-                    LOG(log_.error()) << "Unknown message: " << object;
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -278,10 +285,10 @@ void
 SubscriptionSource::handleError(util::requests::RequestError const& error, boost::asio::yield_context yield)
 {
     isConnected_ = false;
-    isForwarding_ = false;
+    bool const wasForwarding = isForwarding_.exchange(false);
     if (not stop_) {
-        onDisconnect_();
         LOG(log_.info()) << "Disconnected";
+        onDisconnect_(wasForwarding);
     }
 
     if (wsConnection_ != nullptr) {
@@ -312,7 +319,11 @@ SubscriptionSource::logError(util::requests::RequestError const& error) const
 void
 SubscriptionSource::setLastMessageTime()
 {
-    lastMessageTime_.lock().get() = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    lastMessageTimeSecondsSinceEpoch_.get().set(
+        std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count()
+    );
+    auto lock = lastMessageTime_.lock();
+    lock.get() = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
 }
 
 void

src/etl/impl/SubscriptionSource.hpp

@@ -19,12 +19,13 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include "etl/ETLHelpers.hpp"
+#include "etl/NetworkValidatedLedgersInterface.hpp"
 #include "etl/Source.hpp"
 #include "feed/SubscriptionManagerInterface.hpp"
 #include "util/Mutex.hpp"
 #include "util/Retry.hpp"
 #include "util/log/Logger.hpp"
+#include "util/prometheus/Gauge.hpp"
 #include "util/requests/Types.hpp"
 #include "util/requests/WsConnection.hpp"
 
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@
 #include <atomic>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <cstdint>
+#include <functional>
 #include <future>
 #include <memory>
 #include <optional>
@@ -71,6 +73,8 @@ class SubscriptionSource {
 
     boost::asio::strand<boost::asio::io_context::executor_type> strand_;
 
+    std::chrono::steady_clock::duration wsTimeout_;
+
     util::Retry retry_;
 
     OnConnectHook onConnect_;
@@ -83,9 +87,11 @@ class SubscriptionSource {
 
     util::Mutex<std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point> lastMessageTime_;
 
+    std::reference_wrapper<util::prometheus::GaugeInt> lastMessageTimeSecondsSinceEpoch_;
+
     std::future<void> runFuture_;
 
-    static constexpr std::chrono::seconds CONNECTION_TIMEOUT{30};
+    static constexpr std::chrono::seconds WS_TIMEOUT{30};
     static constexpr std::chrono::seconds RETRY_MAX_DELAY{30};
     static constexpr std::chrono::seconds RETRY_DELAY{1};
 
@@ -103,7 +109,7 @@ class SubscriptionSource {
      * @param onNewLedger The onNewLedger hook. Called when a new ledger is received
      * @param onLedgerClosed The onLedgerClosed hook. Called when the ledger is closed but only if the source is
      * forwarding
-     * @param connectionTimeout The connection timeout. Defaults to 30 seconds
+     * @param wsTimeout A timeout for websocket operations. Defaults to 30 seconds
      * @param retryDelay The retry delay. Defaults to 1 second
      */
     SubscriptionSource(
@@ -115,7 +121,7 @@ class SubscriptionSource {
         OnConnectHook onConnect,
         OnDisconnectHook onDisconnect,
         OnLedgerClosedHook onLedgerClosed,
-        std::chrono::steady_clock::duration const connectionTimeout = CONNECTION_TIMEOUT,
+        std::chrono::steady_clock::duration const wsTimeout = WS_TIMEOUT,
         std::chrono::steady_clock::duration const retryDelay = RETRY_DELAY
     );
 

src/util/requests/impl/WsConnectionImpl.hpp

@@ -39,8 +39,10 @@
 #include <boost/beast/websocket/stream_base.hpp>
 #include <boost/system/errc.hpp>
 
+#include <atomic>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <expected>
+#include <memory>
 #include <optional>
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
@@ -123,15 +125,20 @@ class WsConnectionImpl : public WsConnection {
     static void
     withTimeout(Operation&& operation, boost::asio::yield_context yield, std::chrono::steady_clock::duration timeout)
     {
+        auto isCompleted = std::make_shared<bool>(false);
         boost::asio::cancellation_signal cancellationSignal;
         auto cyield = boost::asio::bind_cancellation_slot(cancellationSignal.slot(), yield);
 
         boost::asio::steady_timer timer{boost::asio::get_associated_executor(cyield), timeout};
-        timer.async_wait([&cancellationSignal](boost::system::error_code errorCode) {
-            if (!errorCode)
+
+        // The timer below can be called with no error code even if the operation is completed before the timeout, so we
+        // need an additional flag here
+        timer.async_wait([&cancellationSignal, isCompleted](boost::system::error_code errorCode) {
+            if (!errorCode and not *isCompleted)
                 cancellationSignal.emit(boost::asio::cancellation_type::terminal);
         });
         operation(cyield);
+        *isCompleted = true;
     }
 
     static boost::system::error_code

tests/unit/etl/LoadBalancerTests.cpp

@@ -271,15 +271,12 @@ TEST_F(LoadBalancerOnDisconnectHookTests, source0Disconnects)
     EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(0), setForwarding(false));
     EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(1), isConnected()).WillOnce(Return(true));
     EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(1), setForwarding(true));
-    sourceFactory_.callbacksAt(0).onDisconnect();
+    sourceFactory_.callbacksAt(0).onDisconnect(true);
 }
 
 TEST_F(LoadBalancerOnDisconnectHookTests, source1Disconnects)
 {
-    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(0), isConnected()).WillOnce(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(0), setForwarding(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(1), setForwarding(false));
-    sourceFactory_.callbacksAt(1).onDisconnect();
+    sourceFactory_.callbacksAt(1).onDisconnect(false);
 }
 
 TEST_F(LoadBalancerOnDisconnectHookTests, source0DisconnectsAndConnectsBack)
@@ -288,29 +285,25 @@ TEST_F(LoadBalancerOnDisconnectHookTests, source0DisconnectsAndConnectsBack)
     EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(0), setForwarding(false));
     EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(1), isConnected()).WillOnce(Return(true));
     EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(1), setForwarding(true));
-    sourceFactory_.callbacksAt(0).onDisconnect();
+    sourceFactory_.callbacksAt(0).onDisconnect(true);
 
     sourceFactory_.callbacksAt(0).onConnect();
 }
 
 TEST_F(LoadBalancerOnDisconnectHookTests, source1DisconnectsAndConnectsBack)
 {
-    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(0), isConnected()).WillOnce(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(0), setForwarding(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(1), setForwarding(false));
-    sourceFactory_.callbacksAt(1).onDisconnect();
-
+    sourceFactory_.callbacksAt(1).onDisconnect(false);
     sourceFactory_.callbacksAt(1).onConnect();
 }
 
 TEST_F(LoadBalancerOnConnectHookTests, bothSourcesDisconnectAndConnectBack)
 {
-    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(0), isConnected()).Times(2).WillRepeatedly(Return(false));
-    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(0), setForwarding(false)).Times(2);
-    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(1), isConnected()).Times(2).WillRepeatedly(Return(false));
-    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(1), setForwarding(false)).Times(2);
-    sourceFactory_.callbacksAt(0).onDisconnect();
-    sourceFactory_.callbacksAt(1).onDisconnect();
+    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(0), isConnected()).WillOnce(Return(false));
+    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(0), setForwarding(false));
+    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(1), isConnected()).WillOnce(Return(false));
+    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(1), setForwarding(false));
+    sourceFactory_.callbacksAt(0).onDisconnect(true);
+    sourceFactory_.callbacksAt(1).onDisconnect(false);
 
     EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(0), isConnected()).WillOnce(Return(true));
     EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(0), setForwarding(true));
@@ -353,12 +346,7 @@ TEST_F(LoadBalancer3SourcesTests, forwardingUpdate)
     sourceFactory_.callbacksAt(1).onConnect();
 
     // Source 0 got disconnected
-    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(0), isConnected()).WillOnce(Return(false));
-    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(0), setForwarding(false));
-    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(1), isConnected()).WillOnce(Return(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(1), setForwarding(true));
-    EXPECT_CALL(sourceFactory_.sourceAt(2), setForwarding(false));  // only source 1 must be forwarding
-    sourceFactory_.callbacksAt(0).onDisconnect();
+    sourceFactory_.callbacksAt(0).onDisconnect(false);
 }
 
 struct LoadBalancerLoadInitialLedgerTests : LoadBalancerOnConnectHookTests {