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Benchmark_Eishay_jvm serializers_1_2_11
OS:Linux
JVM:Oracle Corporation 1.8.0_91
CPU:null os-arch:null
Cores (incl HT):1
This test focusses on en/decoding of a cyclefree data structure, but the featureset of the libraries compared differs a lot:
- some serializers support cycle detection/object sharing others just write non-cyclic tree structures
- some include full metadata in serialized output, some don’t
- some are cross platform, some are language specific
- some are text based, some are binary,
- some support versioning forward/backward, both, some don’t
(See ToolBehavior)
Other test data will yield different results (e.g. adding a non ascii char to every string :-) ). However the results give a raw estimation of library performance.
Benchmarks serializers
- Only cycle free tree structures. An object referenced twice will be serialized twice.
- no manual optimizations.
- schema is known in advance (pre registration or even class generation). (Not all might make use of that)
Ser Time+Deser Time (ns)
Size, Compressed size [light] in bytes
create ser deser total size dfl
colfer 80 452 722 1174 238 148
protostuff 144 786 1203 1990 239 150
minified-json/dsl-platform 88 826 1240 2066 353 197
kryo-flat-pre 112 918 1374 2292 212 132
fst-flat-pre 113 885 1418 2302 251 165
json/dsl-platform 88 968 1474 2442 485 261
json-array/fastjson/databind 122 1267 1466 2733 281 163
protobuf 235 2191 1298 3489 239 149
msgpack/databind 108 1399 2156 3555 233 146
thrift-compact 203 2288 1520 3808 240 148
flatbuffers 115 2488 1370 3858 432 226
cbor-col/jackson/databind 114 1447 2524 3972 251 165
smile-col/jackson/databind 113 1467 2519 3986 252 165
cbor/jacksonafterburner/databind 109 1728 2347 4076 397 246
smile/jackson+afterburner/databind 109 1823 2283 4105 352 252
thrift 203 2841 1382 4223 349 197
json/fastjson/databind 114 2105 2476 4581 486 262
scala/sbinary 860 2574 2109 4683 255 147
json-col/jackson/databind 108 2002 2917 4919 293 178
json/jackson+afterburner/databind 116 2168 3009 5177 485 261
smile/jackson/databind 114 2532 2936 5468 338 241
json/protostuff-runtime 108 2487 3237 5724 469 243
cbor/jackson/databind 113 2334 3574 5909 397 246
json/jackson/databind 108 2831 3943 6774 485 261
capnproto 116 3375 4192 7566 400 204
json/jackson-jr/databind 111 3132 4492 7624 468 255
xml/jackson/databind 99 4957 9814 14771 683 286
json/gson/databind 109 8355 8912 17267 486 259
bson/jackson/databind 110 7746 10222 17969 506 286
xml/xstream+c 117 10095 30655 40750 487 244
json/javax-tree/glassfish 2134 18218 24011 42229 485 263
xml/exi-manual 107 23180 24148 47328 337 327
java-built-in 108 9260 75735 84995 889 514
json/protobuf 223 13368 99349 112718 488 253
scala/java-built-in 830 17564 100649 118213 1293 698
json/json-lib/databind 109 50870 366619 417489 485 263
Contains serializer(-configurations)
- supporting full object graph write/read. Object graph may contain cycles. If an Object is referenced twice, it will be so after deserialization.
- nothing is known in advance, no class generation, no preregistering of classes. Everything is captured at runtime using e.g. reflection.
- note this usually cannot be used cross language, however JSON/XML formats may enable cross language deserialization.
Ser Time+Deser Time (ns)
Size, Compressed size [light] in bytes
create ser deser total size +dfl
protostuff-graph 140 1081 1225 2307 239 150
protostuff-graph-runtime 110 1708 1633 3342 241 151
kryo-serializer 116 2404 2474 4878 286 188
fst 109 2404 2843 5247 316 203
jboss-marshalling-river-ct 112 4568 4598 9166 298 199
hessian 111 6102 9457 15559 501 313
jboss-serialization 112 10261 10849 21111 932 582
xml/JAXB/aalto 193 9032 22537 31569 702 318
jboss-marshalling-river 107 6190 51898 58088 694 400
java-built-in-serializer 114 9271 73118 82388 889 514
json/flexjson/databind 112 22442 63278 85720 503 273
stephenerialization 112 10837 77372 88209 1093 515
jboss-marshalling-serial 109 17049 82006 99055 856 498
yaml/jackson/databind 111 27288 93112 120399 505 260
xml/JAXB 113 9235 604441 613676 719 329
Contains serializer(-configurations)
- Only cycle free tree structures. An object referenced twice will be serialized twice.
- schema is known in advance (pre registration, intermediate message description languages, class generation).
Ser Time+Deser Time (ns)
Size, Compressed size [light] in bytes
create ser deser total size +dfl
colfer 80 452 722 1174 238 148
protobuf/protostuff 146 831 1114 1946 239 149
protobuf/protostuff-runtime 101 1222 1524 2746 241 150
protobuf 235 2191 1298 3489 239 149
msgpack/databind 108 1399 2156 3555 233 146
thrift-compact 203 2288 1520 3808 240 148
flatbuffers 115 2488 1370 3858 432 226
thrift 203 2841 1382 4223 349 197
cbor/jackson/databind 113 2334 3574 5909 397 246
capnproto 116 3375 4192 7566 400 204
hessian 111 6102 9457 15559 501 313
bson/jackson/databind 110 7746 10222 17969 506 286
- text format based. Usually can be read by anybody. Frequently inline schema inside data.
- Mixed regarding required preparation, object graph awareness (references).
Ser Time+Deser Time (ns)
Size, Compressed size [light] in bytes
create ser deser total size dfl
minified-json/dsl-platform 88 826 1240 2066 353 197
json/dsl-platform 88 968 1474 2442 485 261
json-array/fastjson/databind 122 1267 1466 2733 281 163
cbor-col/jackson/databind 114 1447 2524 3972 251 165
smile-col/jackson/databind 113 1467 2519 3986 252 165
json/fastjson/databind 114 2105 2476 4581 486 262
json-col/jackson/databind 108 2002 2917 4919 293 178
json/protostuff-runtime 108 2487 3237 5724 469 243
json/jackson/databind 108 2831 3943 6774 485 261
json/jackson-jr/databind 111 3132 4492 7624 468 255
xml/jackson/databind 99 4957 9814 14771 683 286
json/gson/databind 109 8355 8912 17267 486 259
xml/JAXB/aalto 193 9032 22537 31569 702 318
xml/xstreamc 117 10095 30655 40750 487 244
json/javax-tree/glassfish 2134 18218 24011 42229 485 263
xml/exi-manual 107 23180 24148 47328 337 327
json/flexjson/databind 112 22442 63278 85720 503 273
json/protobuf 223 13368 99349 112718 488 253
yaml/jackson/databind 111 27288 93112 120399 505 260
json/json-lib/databind 109 50870 366619 417489 485 263
xml/JAXB 113 9235 604441 613676 719 329
all flavours of manually optimized serializers. Handcoded and hardwired to exactly the benchmark’s message structures.
- illustrates what’s possible, at what level generic approaches can be optimized in case
Ser Time+Deser Time (ns)
Size, Compressed size [light] in bytes
create ser deser total size dfl
kryo-manual 114 799 936 1734 211 131
protostuff-manual 113 748 1113 1861 239 150
datakernel 118 1064 900 1965 225 133
kryo-opt 115 880 1159 2039 209 129
wobly 77 1253 922 2174 251 151
wobly-compact 76 1321 973 2294 225 139
java-manual 114 1512 1125 2637 255 147
smile/jackson/manual 115 1543 1725 3268 341 244
msgpack/manual 109 1484 2067 3552 233 146
cbor/jackson/manual 114 1510 2097 3607 386 238
json/jackson/manual 109 1968 2445 4413 468 253
jboss-marshalling-river-ct-manual 111 2419 2682 5100 289 167
json/protostuff-manual 110 2296 2838 5135 449 233
avro-generic 564 3375 2430 5804 221 133
avro-specific 152 2960 3547 6507 221 133
xml/aalto-manual 115 3412 5238 8650 653 304
jboss-marshalling-river-manual 108 2761 8961 11722 483 240
xml/woodstox-manual 103 4424 7671 12095 653 304
json/gson/manual 116 5451 7514 12965 468 253
json/json-smart/manual-tree 115 8331 6913 15244 495 265
bson/mongodb/manual 110 4027 15672 19700 495 278
json/gson/manual-tree 107 8389 11555 19944 485 259
xml/fastinfo-manual 114 10409 10741 21150 377 284
xml/javolution/manual 112 7351 14557 21908 504 263
json/json.simple/manual 108 10713 14786 25499 495 265
json/org.json/manual-tree 111 11209 14337 25546 485 259
xml/xstreamc-aalto 118 7497 21283 28779 525 273
json/javax-stream/glassfish 111 12667 18595 31261 468 253
xml/xstream+c-woodstox 110 8119 23530 31649 525 273
xml/xstream+c-fastinfo 122 13722 18806 32528 345 264
json/svenson/databind 115 7390 28402 35792 495 268
json/jsonij/manual-jpath 114 40004 21898 61902 478 258
json/argo/manual-tree 108 113479 31243 144722 485 263
shows performance vs convenience of manually-selected libs.
- cycle free, schema known at compile time, manual optimization: kryo-manual, msgpack/manual
- cycle free, schema known at compile time: protostuff, fst-flat-pre, kryo-flat-pre. (note: protostuff uses class generation while the other two just require a list of classes to be written)
- cycle free, schema UNKNOWN at compile time: fst-flat, kryo-flat, protostuff-runtime, msgpack/databind
- full object graph awareness, schema UNKNOWN at compile time: fst, kryo.
Ser Time+Deser Time (ns)
Size, Compressed size [light] in bytes
create ser deser total size +dfl
kryo-manual 114 799 936 1734 211 131
protostuff 144 786 1203 1990 239 150
kryo-flat-pre 112 918 1374 2292 212 132
fst-flat-pre 113 885 1418 2302 251 165
protostuff-runtime 109 1088 1480 2568 241 151
kryo-flat 113 1185 1882 3068 268 177
msgpack/manual 109 1484 2067 3552 233 146
msgpack/databind 108 1399 2156 3555 233 146
fst-flat 116 1344 2332 3676 314 204
kryo-serializer 116 2404 2474 4878 286 188
fst 109 2404 2843 5247 316 203
create ser deser total size +dfl colfer 80 452 722 1174 238 148 kryo-manual 114 799 936 1734 211 131 protostuff-manual 113 748 1113 1861 239 150 protobuf/protostuff 146 831 1114 1946 239 149 datakernel 118 1064 900 1965 225 133 protostuff 144 786 1203 1990 239 150 kryo-opt 115 880 1159 2039 209 129 minified-json/dsl-platform 88 826 1240 2066 353 197 wobly 77 1253 922 2174 251 151 kryo-flat-pre 112 918 1374 2292 212 132 wobly-compact 76 1321 973 2294 225 139 fst-flat-pre 113 885 1418 2302 251 165 protostuff-graph 140 1081 1225 2307 239 150 json/dsl-platform 88 968 1474 2442 485 261 protostuff-runtime 109 1088 1480 2568 241 151 java-manual 114 1512 1125 2637 255 147 json-array/fastjson/databind 122 1267 1466 2733 281 163 protobuf/protostuff-runtime 101 1222 1524 2746 241 150 kryo-flat 113 1185 1882 3068 268 177 smile/jackson/manual 115 1543 1725 3268 341 244 protostuff-graph-runtime 110 1708 1633 3342 241 151 protobuf 235 2191 1298 3489 239 149 msgpack/manual 109 1484 2067 3552 233 146 msgpack/databind 108 1399 2156 3555 233 146 cbor/jackson/manual 114 1510 2097 3607 386 238 fst-flat 116 1344 2332 3676 314 204 thrift-compact 203 2288 1520 3808 240 148 flatbuffers 115 2488 1370 3858 432 226 cbor-col/jackson/databind 114 1447 2524 3972 251 165 smile-col/jackson/databind 113 1467 2519 3986 252 165 cbor/jackson+afterburner/databind 109 1728 2347 4076 397 246 smile/jackson+afterburner/databind 109 1823 2283 4105 352 252 thrift 203 2841 1382 4223 349 197 json/jackson/manual 109 1968 2445 4413 468 253 json/fastjson/databind 114 2105 2476 4581 486 262 scala/sbinary 860 2574 2109 4683 255 147 kryo-serializer 116 2404 2474 4878 286 188 json-col/jackson/databind 108 2002 2917 4919 293 178 jboss-marshalling-river-ct-manual 111 2419 2682 5100 289 167 json/protostuff-manual 110 2296 2838 5135 449 233 json/jackson+afterburner/databind 116 2168 3009 5177 485 261 fst 109 2404 2843 5247 316 203 smile/jackson/databind 114 2532 2936 5468 338 241 json/protostuff-runtime 108 2487 3237 5724 469 243 avro-generic 564 3375 2430 5804 221 133 cbor/jackson/databind 113 2334 3574 5909 397 246 avro-specific 152 2960 3547 6507 221 133 json/jackson/databind 108 2831 3943 6774 485 261 capnproto 116 3375 4192 7566 400 204 json/jackson-jr/databind 111 3132 4492 7624 468 255 xml/aalto-manual 115 3412 5238 8650 653 304 jboss-marshalling-river-ct 112 4568 4598 9166 298 199 jboss-marshalling-river-manual 108 2761 8961 11722 483 240 xml/woodstox-manual 103 4424 7671 12095 653 304 json/gson/manual 116 5451 7514 12965 468 253 xml/jackson/databind 99 4957 9814 14771 683 286 json/json-smart/manual-tree 115 8331 6913 15244 495 265 hessian 111 6102 9457 15559 501 313 json/gson/databind 109 8355 8912 17267 486 259 bson/jackson/databind 110 7746 10222 17969 506 286 bson/mongodb/manual 110 4027 15672 19700 495 278 json/gson/manual-tree 107 8389 11555 19944 485 259 jboss-serialization 112 10261 10849 21111 932 582 xml/fastinfo-manual 114 10409 10741 21150 377 284 xml/javolution/manual 112 7351 14557 21908 504 263 json/json.simple/manual 108 10713 14786 25499 495 265 json/org.json/manual-tree 111 11209 14337 25546 485 259 xml/xstream+c-aalto 118 7497 21283 28779 525 273 json/javax-stream/glassfish 111 12667 18595 31261 468 253 xml/JAXB/aalto 193 9032 22537 31569 702 318 xml/xstream+c-woodstox 110 8119 23530 31649 525 273 xml/xstream+c-fastinfo 122 13722 18806 32528 345 264 json/svenson/databind 115 7390 28402 35792 495 268 xml/xstream+c 117 10095 30655 40750 487 244 json/javax-tree/glassfish 2134 18218 24011 42229 485 263 xml/exi-manual 107 23180 24148 47328 337 327 jboss-marshalling-river 107 6190 51898 58088 694 400 json/jsonij/manual-jpath 114 40004 21898 61902 478 258 java-built-in-serializer 114 9271 73118 82388 889 514 java-built-in 108 9260 75735 84995 889 514 json/flexjson/databind 112 22442 63278 85720 503 273 stephenerialization 112 10837 77372 88209 1093 515 jboss-marshalling-serial 109 17049 82006 99055 856 498 json/protobuf 223 13368 99349 112718 488 253 scala/java-built-in 830 17564 100649 118213 1293 698 yaml/jackson/databind 111 27288 93112 120399 505 260 json/argo/manual-tree 108 113479 31243 144722 485 263 json/json-lib/databind 109 50870 366619 417489 485 263 xml/JAXB 113 9235 604441 613676 719 329
Effort Format Structure Misc colfer CLASSES_KNOWN BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] generated code kryo-manual MANUAL_OPT BINARY FLAT_TREE [] manually optimized protostuff-manual MANUAL_OPT BINARY FLAT_TREE [] manual protobuf/protostuff CLASSES_KNOWN BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] protobuf + generated code datakernel MANUAL_OPT BINARY FLAT_TREE [] manually optimized protostuff CLASSES_KNOWN BINARY FLAT_TREE [] generated code kryo-opt MANUAL_OPT BINARY FLAT_TREE [] manually optimized minified-json/dsl-platform CLASSES_KNOWN JSON FLAT_TREE [] JSON with minified property names and without default values. wobly MANUAL_OPT BINARY FLAT_TREE [] kryo-flat-pre CLASSES_KNOWN BINARY FLAT_TREE [] no shared refs, preregistered classes wobly-compact MANUAL_OPT BINARY FLAT_TREE [] fst-flat-pre CLASSES_KNOWN BINARY FLAT_TREE [] fst in unshared mode with preregistered classes protostuff-graph CLASSES_KNOWN BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] graph + generated code json/dsl-platform CLASSES_KNOWN JSON FLAT_TREE [] Serializes all properties with exact names. protostuff-runtime ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FLAT_TREE [] reflection java-manual MANUAL_OPT BINARY FLAT_TREE [] json-array/fastjson/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE [] protobuf/protostuff-runtime ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] protobuf + reflection kryo-flat ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FLAT_TREE [] default, no shared refs smile/jackson/manual MANUAL_OPT BINARY FLAT_TREE [] protostuff-graph-runtime ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] graph + reflection protobuf CLASSES_KNOWN BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] msgpack/manual MANUAL_OPT BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] uses positional (column) layout (instead of Maps std impl uses) to eliminate use of names msgpack/databind CLASSES_KNOWN BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] uses positional (column) layout (instead of Maps std impl uses) to eliminate use of names cbor/jackson/manual MANUAL_OPT BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] fst-flat ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FLAT_TREE [] fst default, but unshared mode thrift-compact CLASSES_KNOWN BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] flatbuffers CLASSES_KNOWN BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] cbor-col/jackson/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE [] uses positional (column) layout to eliminate use of names smile-col/jackson/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE [] uses positional (column) layout to eliminate use of names cbor/jackson+afterburner/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FLAT_TREE [] uses bytecode generation to reduce overhead smile/jackson+afterburner/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FLAT_TREE [] uses bytecode generation to reduce overhead thrift CLASSES_KNOWN BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] json/jackson/manual MANUAL_OPT JSON FLAT_TREE [] json/fastjson/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE [] scala/sbinary MISC MISC UNKNOWN [] null kryo-serializer ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] default json-col/jackson/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE [] uses positional (column) layout to eliminate use of names jboss-marshalling-river-ct-manual MANUAL_OPT BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] full graph preregistered classes, manual optimization json/protostuff-manual MANUAL_OPT JSON FLAT_TREE [] json + manual json/jackson+afterburner/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FLAT_TREE [] uses bytecode generation to reduce overhead fst ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] default: JDK serialization drop-in-replacement mode smile/jackson/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FLAT_TREE [] json/protostuff-runtime ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE [] json + reflection avro-generic MANUAL_OPT BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] cbor/jackson/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] avro-specific MANUAL_OPT BIN_CROSSLANG UNKNOWN [] json/jackson/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE [] capnproto CLASSES_KNOWN BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] json/jackson-jr/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE [] xml/aalto-manual MANUAL_OPT XML UNKNOWN [] jboss-marshalling-river-ct CLASSES_KNOWN BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] full graph with preregistered classes jboss-marshalling-river-manual MANUAL_OPT BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] full graph with manual optimizations xml/woodstox-manual MANUAL_OPT XML UNKNOWN [] json/gson/manual MANUAL_OPT JSON FLAT_TREE [] xml/jackson/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE XML FLAT_TREE [] json/json-smart/manual-tree MANUAL_OPT JSON FLAT_TREE [] hessian ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BIN_CROSSLANG FULL_GRAPH [] json/gson/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE [] bson/jackson/databind CLASSES_KNOWN BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] bson/mongodb/manual MANUAL_OPT BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] json/gson/manual-tree MANUAL_OPT JSON FLAT_TREE [] jboss-serialization ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] xml/fastinfo-manual MANUAL_OPT XML UNKNOWN [] xml/javolution/manual MANUAL_OPT XML FLAT_TREE [] json/json.simple/manual MANUAL_OPT JSON FLAT_TREE [] json/org.json/manual-tree MANUAL_OPT JSON FLAT_TREE [] xml/xstream+c-aalto MANUAL_OPT XML FLAT_TREE [] json/javax-stream/glassfish MANUAL_OPT JSON FLAT_TREE [] xml/JAXB/aalto CLASSES_KNOWN XML FULL_GRAPH [] xml/xstream+c-woodstox MANUAL_OPT XML FLAT_TREE [] xml/xstream+c-fastinfo MANUAL_OPT XML FLAT_TREE [] json/svenson/databind MANUAL_OPT JSON FLAT_TREE [] xml/xstream+c ZERO_KNOWLEDGE XML FLAT_TREE [] json/javax-tree/glassfish ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE [] xml/exi-manual ZERO_KNOWLEDGE XML UNKNOWN [] jboss-marshalling-river ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] full graph zero knowledge json/jsonij/manual-jpath MANUAL_OPT JSON FLAT_TREE [] java-built-in-serializer ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] java-built-in ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FLAT_TREE [] json/flexjson/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FULL_GRAPH [] stephenerialization ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] null jboss-marshalling-serial ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] json/protobuf CLASSES_KNOWN JSON FLAT_TREE [] scala/java-built-in MISC MISC UNKNOWN [] null yaml/jackson/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FULL_GRAPH [] json/argo/manual-tree MANUAL_OPT JSON FLAT_TREE [] json/json-lib/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE [] xml/JAXB CLASSES_KNOWN XML FULL_GRAPH []