Adjust the responsive type scale

[christopherthomasdesign]

What/Why

Make the following adjustments to the responsive type scale:

• point 16 is now 16 across all screen sizes
• point 19 is now 19 across all screen sizes
• point 24 on small screens is now font size 21px instead of 18px and line height 25px instead of 20px
• point 27 on small screens is now font size 21px instead of 18px and line height 25px instead of 20px
• point 36 on small screens is now font size 27px instead of 24px and line height 30px instead of 25px

Additionally applies the following changes to components in response to the above type scale changes:

• Update footer font size from 16 to 19 #4064
• Increase panel padding on small screens #4152
• Increase the space between the tag and the text in the phase banner #4155
• Add a modifier for tables with lots of data #4630

All of the above is behind the feature flag $govuk-new-typography-scale (#4701).

See the epic alphagov/govuk-design-system#2289 and the original investigation #2418 for further details about this change.

[colinrotherham]

I've rebased this PR with main to resolve src → packages/govuk-frontend/src conflicts

[36degrees]

@colinrotherham I don't think this rebase has worked as expected as the changes have been made to packages/govuk-frontend/dist.

Is there an easy fix?

[colinrotherham]

@36degrees Yeah let me take a look now

We realised on the other PRs that git matched up dist for src because the files were identical. My fault for not coming back to this one. Give me a few mins, won't be long

[colinrotherham]

✅ Done