fix: catch errors thrown by cache when reading query result

[noahm]

This fixes an issue reported in apollographql/react-apollo#3367 (also reproduced here: https://github.com/noahm/react-apollo-error-template/tree/skip-with-directive-error)

After sleuthing around a bit I found the issue was introduced by #4743 in apollo-cache@2.6.0-beta.7 as a result of removing the try-catch statement around the attempt to read from the cache. I'm not terribly familiar with the Apollo codebase, and perhaps a fix for this is better suited as a tweak in react-apollo or perhaps inside the cache layer itself, but the issue is blocking our ability to upgrade.

Checklist:

• If this PR is a new feature, please reference an issue where a consensus about the design was reached (not necessary for small changes) (n/a)
• Make sure all of the significant new logic is covered by tests

[apollo-cla]

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[jetzhou]

@noahm thanks for the fix! I'm running into the same problem. It would be great if we can get this merged and released as early as possible.

[jetzhou]

Looks like a lot of PR on the repo is stuck on bundlesize check, wonder if there are any maintainers paying attention to the state of PRs and if this one will ever get merged... :(

[benjamn]

@noahm I know it's been a while, but this behavior was improved/fixed by #7098 in @apollo/client@3.3.0. Please update if you can!