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[Merged by Bors] - Move magic numbers into constants in Breakout example #4255

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[Merged by Bors] - Move magic numbers into constants in Breakout example #4255

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2c5a27e
Move magic numbers into constants
alice-i-cecile Mar 19, 2022
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alice-i-cecile Mar 19, 2022
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alice-i-cecile Mar 19, 2022
822af62
Use i8 for type of BRICK_ROWS/COLUMNS
alice-i-cecile Mar 19, 2022
0fe8b64
Revert to original colors
alice-i-cecile Mar 19, 2022
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u for unsigned
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124 changes: 77 additions & 47 deletions examples/game/breakout.rs
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,16 +1,53 @@
//! A simplified implementation of the classic game "Breakout"

use bevy::{
core::FixedTimestep,
math::{const_vec2, const_vec3},
prelude::*,
sprite::collide_aabb::{collide, Collision},
};

/// An implementation of the classic game "Breakout"
// Sets the amount of time that should elapse between each physics step
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const TIME_STEP: f32 = 1.0 / 60.0;

// These constants are in `Transform` units:
// with the default 2D camera they correspond 1:1 with screen pixels
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// The `const_vec3!` macros are needed as functions that operate on floats cannot be constant in Rust.
const PADDLE_HEIGHT: f32 = -215.0;
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the meaning of this one is not very obvious, even less with the PADDLE_SIZE just under

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Agreed. I'll fix this in a follow-up PR.

const PADDLE_SIZE: Vec3 = const_vec3!([120.0, 30.0, 0.0]);
const PADDLE_SPEED: f32 = 500.0;
const PADDLE_BOUNDS: f32 = 380.0;

// We set the z-value of the ball to 1 so it renders on top in the case of overlapping sprites
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const BALL_STARTING_POSITION: Vec3 = const_vec3!([0.0, -50.0, 1.0]);
const BALL_SIZE: Vec3 = const_vec3!([30.0, 30.0, 0.0]);
const BALL_SPEED: f32 = 400.0;
const INITIAL_BALL_DIRECTION: Vec2 = const_vec2!([0.5, -0.5]);

const PLAY_AREA_BOUNDS: Vec2 = const_vec2!([900.0, 600.0]);
const WALL_THICKNESS: f32 = 10.0;

const BRICK_ROWS: u8 = 4;
const BRICK_COLUMNS: u8 = 5;
const BRICK_SPACING: f32 = 20.0;
const BRICK_SIZE: Vec3 = const_vec3!([150.0, 30.0, 1.0]);

const SCOREBOARD_FONT_SIZE: f32 = 40.0;
const SCOREBOARD_TEXT_PADDING: Val = Val::Px(5.0);

const BACKGROUND_COLOR: Color = Color::rgb(0.95, 0.95, 0.95);
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const PADDLE_COLOR: Color = Color::rgb(0.5, 0.5, 1.0);
const BALL_COLOR: Color = Color::rgb(1.0, 0.5, 0.5);
const BRICK_COLOR: Color = Color::rgb(0.5, 0.5, 1.0);
const WALL_COLOR: Color = Color::DARK_GRAY;
const TEXT_COLOR: Color = Color::BLUE;
const SCORE_COLOR: Color = Color::RED;

fn main() {
App::new()
.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins)
.insert_resource(Scoreboard { score: 0 })
.insert_resource(ClearColor(Color::rgb(0.9, 0.9, 0.9)))
.insert_resource(ClearColor(BACKGROUND_COLOR))
.add_startup_system(setup)
.add_system_set(
SystemSet::new()
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -55,34 +92,37 @@ fn setup(mut commands: Commands, asset_server: Res<AssetServer>) {
commands
.spawn_bundle(SpriteBundle {
transform: Transform {
translation: Vec3::new(0.0, -215.0, 0.0),
scale: Vec3::new(120.0, 30.0, 0.0),
translation: Vec3::new(0.0, PADDLE_HEIGHT, 0.0),
scale: PADDLE_SIZE,
..default()
},
sprite: Sprite {
color: Color::rgb(0.5, 0.5, 1.0),
color: PADDLE_COLOR,
..default()
},
..default()
})
.insert(Paddle { speed: 500.0 })
.insert(Paddle {
speed: PADDLE_SPEED,
})
.insert(Collider::Paddle);
// ball
commands
.spawn_bundle(SpriteBundle {
transform: Transform {
scale: Vec3::new(30.0, 30.0, 0.0),
translation: Vec3::new(0.0, -50.0, 1.0),
scale: BALL_SIZE,
translation: BALL_STARTING_POSITION,
..default()
},
sprite: Sprite {
color: Color::rgb(1.0, 0.5, 0.5),
color: BALL_COLOR,
..default()
},
..default()
})
.insert(Ball {
velocity: 400.0 * Vec3::new(0.5, -0.5, 0.0).normalize(),
// We can create a velocity by multiplying our speed by a normalized direction
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velocity: BALL_SPEED * INITIAL_BALL_DIRECTION.extend(0.0).normalize(),
});
// scoreboard
commands.spawn_bundle(TextBundle {
Expand All @@ -92,16 +132,16 @@ fn setup(mut commands: Commands, asset_server: Res<AssetServer>) {
value: "Score: ".to_string(),
style: TextStyle {
font: asset_server.load("fonts/FiraSans-Bold.ttf"),
font_size: 40.0,
color: Color::rgb(0.5, 0.5, 1.0),
font_size: SCOREBOARD_FONT_SIZE,
color: TEXT_COLOR,
},
},
TextSection {
value: "".to_string(),
style: TextStyle {
font: asset_server.load("fonts/FiraMono-Medium.ttf"),
font_size: 40.0,
color: Color::rgb(1.0, 0.5, 0.5),
font_size: SCOREBOARD_FONT_SIZE,
color: SCORE_COLOR,
},
},
],
Expand All @@ -110,30 +150,25 @@ fn setup(mut commands: Commands, asset_server: Res<AssetServer>) {
style: Style {
position_type: PositionType::Absolute,
position: Rect {
top: Val::Px(5.0),
left: Val::Px(5.0),
top: SCOREBOARD_TEXT_PADDING,
left: SCOREBOARD_TEXT_PADDING,
..default()
},
..default()
},
..default()
});

// Add walls
let wall_color = Color::rgb(0.8, 0.8, 0.8);
let wall_thickness = 10.0;
let bounds = Vec2::new(900.0, 600.0);

// left
commands
.spawn_bundle(SpriteBundle {
transform: Transform {
translation: Vec3::new(-bounds.x / 2.0, 0.0, 0.0),
scale: Vec3::new(wall_thickness, bounds.y + wall_thickness, 1.0),
translation: Vec3::new(-PLAY_AREA_BOUNDS.x / 2.0, 0.0, 0.0),
scale: Vec3::new(WALL_THICKNESS, PLAY_AREA_BOUNDS.y + WALL_THICKNESS, 1.0),
..default()
},
sprite: Sprite {
color: wall_color,
color: WALL_COLOR,
..default()
},
..default()
Expand All @@ -143,12 +178,12 @@ fn setup(mut commands: Commands, asset_server: Res<AssetServer>) {
commands
.spawn_bundle(SpriteBundle {
transform: Transform {
translation: Vec3::new(bounds.x / 2.0, 0.0, 0.0),
scale: Vec3::new(wall_thickness, bounds.y + wall_thickness, 1.0),
translation: Vec3::new(PLAY_AREA_BOUNDS.x / 2.0, 0.0, 0.0),
scale: Vec3::new(WALL_THICKNESS, PLAY_AREA_BOUNDS.y + WALL_THICKNESS, 1.0),
..default()
},
sprite: Sprite {
color: wall_color,
color: WALL_COLOR,
..default()
},
..default()
Expand All @@ -158,12 +193,12 @@ fn setup(mut commands: Commands, asset_server: Res<AssetServer>) {
commands
.spawn_bundle(SpriteBundle {
transform: Transform {
translation: Vec3::new(0.0, -bounds.y / 2.0, 0.0),
scale: Vec3::new(bounds.x + wall_thickness, wall_thickness, 1.0),
translation: Vec3::new(0.0, -PLAY_AREA_BOUNDS.y / 2.0, 0.0),
scale: Vec3::new(PLAY_AREA_BOUNDS.x + WALL_THICKNESS, WALL_THICKNESS, 1.0),
..default()
},
sprite: Sprite {
color: wall_color,
color: WALL_COLOR,
..default()
},
..default()
Expand All @@ -173,45 +208,40 @@ fn setup(mut commands: Commands, asset_server: Res<AssetServer>) {
commands
.spawn_bundle(SpriteBundle {
transform: Transform {
translation: Vec3::new(0.0, bounds.y / 2.0, 0.0),
scale: Vec3::new(bounds.x + wall_thickness, wall_thickness, 1.0),
translation: Vec3::new(0.0, PLAY_AREA_BOUNDS.y / 2.0, 0.0),
scale: Vec3::new(PLAY_AREA_BOUNDS.x + WALL_THICKNESS, WALL_THICKNESS, 1.0),
..default()
},
sprite: Sprite {
color: wall_color,
color: WALL_COLOR,
..default()
},
..default()
})
.insert(Collider::Solid);

// Add bricks
let brick_rows = 4;
let brick_columns = 5;
let brick_spacing = 20.0;
let brick_size = Vec3::new(150.0, 30.0, 1.0);
let bricks_width = brick_columns as f32 * (brick_size.x + brick_spacing) - brick_spacing;
let bricks_width = BRICK_COLUMNS as f32 * (BRICK_SIZE.x + BRICK_SPACING) - BRICK_SPACING;
// center the bricks and move them up a bit
let bricks_offset = Vec3::new(-(bricks_width - brick_size.x) / 2.0, 100.0, 0.0);
let brick_color = Color::rgb(0.5, 0.5, 1.0);
for row in 0..brick_rows {
let y_position = row as f32 * (brick_size.y + brick_spacing);
for column in 0..brick_columns {
let bricks_offset = Vec3::new(-(bricks_width - BRICK_SIZE.x) / 2.0, 100.0, 0.0);
for row in 0..BRICK_ROWS {
let y_position = row as f32 * (BRICK_SIZE.y + BRICK_SPACING);
for column in 0..BRICK_COLUMNS {
let brick_position = Vec3::new(
column as f32 * (brick_size.x + brick_spacing),
column as f32 * (BRICK_SIZE.x + BRICK_SPACING),
y_position,
0.0,
) + bricks_offset;
// brick
commands
.spawn_bundle(SpriteBundle {
sprite: Sprite {
color: brick_color,
color: BRICK_COLOR,
..default()
},
transform: Transform {
translation: brick_position,
scale: brick_size,
scale: BRICK_SIZE,
..default()
},
..default()
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -239,7 +269,7 @@ fn paddle_movement_system(
// move the paddle horizontally
translation.x += direction * paddle.speed * TIME_STEP;
// bound the paddle within the walls
translation.x = translation.x.min(380.0).max(-380.0);
translation.x = translation.x.min(PADDLE_BOUNDS).max(-PADDLE_BOUNDS);
}

fn ball_movement_system(mut ball_query: Query<(&Ball, &mut Transform)>) {
Expand Down