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Save negations in var-time group addition #1056

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Apr 16, 2022
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Save negations in var-time group addition #1056

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77 changes: 34 additions & 43 deletions sage/prove_group_implementations.sage
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -40,29 +40,26 @@ def formula_secp256k1_gej_add_var(branch, a, b):
s2 = s2 * a.Z
h = -u1
h = h + u2
i = -s1
i = i + s2
i = -s2
i = i + s1
if branch == 2:
r = formula_secp256k1_gej_double_var(a)
return (constraints(), constraints(zero={h : 'h=0', i : 'i=0', a.Infinity : 'a_finite', b.Infinity : 'b_finite'}), r)
if branch == 3:
return (constraints(), constraints(zero={h : 'h=0', a.Infinity : 'a_finite', b.Infinity : 'b_finite'}, nonzero={i : 'i!=0'}), point_at_infinity())
i2 = i^2
t = h * b.Z
rz = a.Z * t
h2 = h^2
h2 = -h2
h3 = h2 * h
h = h * b.Z
rz = a.Z * h
t = u1 * h2
rx = t
rx = rx * 2
rx = i^2
rx = rx + h3
rx = -rx
rx = rx + i2
ry = -rx
ry = ry + t
ry = ry * i
rx = rx + t
rx = rx + t
t = t + rx
ry = t * i
h3 = h3 * s1
h3 = -h3
ry = ry + h3
return (constraints(), constraints(zero={a.Infinity : 'a_finite', b.Infinity : 'b_finite'}, nonzero={h : 'h!=0'}), jacobianpoint(rx, ry, rz))

Expand All @@ -80,43 +77,41 @@ def formula_secp256k1_gej_add_ge_var(branch, a, b):
s2 = s2 * a.Z
h = -u1
h = h + u2
i = -s1
i = i + s2
i = -s2
i = i + s1
if (branch == 2):
r = formula_secp256k1_gej_double_var(a)
return (constraints(zero={b.Z - 1 : 'b.z=1'}), constraints(zero={a.Infinity : 'a_finite', b.Infinity : 'b_finite', h : 'h=0', i : 'i=0'}), r)
if (branch == 3):
return (constraints(zero={b.Z - 1 : 'b.z=1'}), constraints(zero={a.Infinity : 'a_finite', b.Infinity : 'b_finite', h : 'h=0'}, nonzero={i : 'i!=0'}), point_at_infinity())
i2 = i^2
h2 = h^2
h3 = h * h2
rz = a.Z * h
h2 = h^2
h2 = -h2
h3 = h2 * h
t = u1 * h2
rx = t
rx = rx * 2
rx = i^2
rx = rx + h3
rx = -rx
rx = rx + i2
ry = -rx
ry = ry + t
ry = ry * i
rx = rx + t
rx = rx + t
t = t + rx
ry = t * i
h3 = h3 * s1
h3 = -h3
ry = ry + h3
return (constraints(zero={b.Z - 1 : 'b.z=1'}), constraints(zero={a.Infinity : 'a_finite', b.Infinity : 'b_finite'}, nonzero={h : 'h!=0'}), jacobianpoint(rx, ry, rz))

def formula_secp256k1_gej_add_zinv_var(branch, a, b):
"""libsecp256k1's secp256k1_gej_add_zinv_var"""
bzinv = b.Z^(-1)
if branch == 0:
return (constraints(), constraints(nonzero={b.Infinity : 'b_infinite'}), a)
if branch == 1:
rinf = b.Infinity
bzinv2 = bzinv^2
bzinv3 = bzinv2 * bzinv
rx = b.X * bzinv2
ry = b.Y * bzinv3
rz = 1
return (constraints(), constraints(zero={b.Infinity : 'b_finite'}, nonzero={a.Infinity : 'a_infinite'}), jacobianpoint(rx, ry, rz))
return (constraints(), constraints(nonzero={a.Infinity : 'a_infinite'}), jacobianpoint(rx, ry, rz, rinf))
if branch == 1:
return (constraints(), constraints(zero={a.Infinity : 'a_finite'}, nonzero={b.Infinity : 'b_infinite'}), a)
azz = a.Z * bzinv
z12 = azz^2
u1 = a.X
Expand All @@ -126,29 +121,25 @@ def formula_secp256k1_gej_add_zinv_var(branch, a, b):
s2 = s2 * azz
h = -u1
h = h + u2
i = -s1
i = i + s2
i = -s2
i = i + s1
if branch == 2:
r = formula_secp256k1_gej_double_var(a)
return (constraints(), constraints(zero={a.Infinity : 'a_finite', b.Infinity : 'b_finite', h : 'h=0', i : 'i=0'}), r)
if branch == 3:
return (constraints(), constraints(zero={a.Infinity : 'a_finite', b.Infinity : 'b_finite', h : 'h=0'}, nonzero={i : 'i!=0'}), point_at_infinity())
i2 = i^2
rz = a.Z * h
h2 = h^2
h3 = h * h2
rz = a.Z
rz = rz * h
h2 = -h2
h3 = h2 * h
t = u1 * h2
rx = t
rx = rx * 2
rx = i^2
rx = rx + h3
rx = -rx
rx = rx + i2
ry = -rx
ry = ry + t
ry = ry * i
rx = rx + t
rx = rx + t
t = t + rx
ry = t * i
h3 = h3 * s1
h3 = -h3
ry = ry + h3
return (constraints(), constraints(zero={a.Infinity : 'a_finite', b.Infinity : 'b_finite'}, nonzero={h : 'h!=0'}), jacobianpoint(rx, ry, rz))

Expand Down
10 changes: 10 additions & 0 deletions src/bench_internal.c
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -254,6 +254,15 @@ void bench_group_add_affine_var(void* arg, int iters) {
}
}

void bench_group_add_zinv_var(void* arg, int iters) {
int i;
bench_inv *data = (bench_inv*)arg;

for (i = 0; i < iters; i++) {
secp256k1_gej_add_zinv_var(&data->gej[0], &data->gej[0], &data->ge[1], &data->gej[0].y);
}
}

void bench_group_to_affine_var(void* arg, int iters) {
int i;
bench_inv *data = (bench_inv*)arg;
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -376,6 +385,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
if (d || have_flag(argc, argv, "group") || have_flag(argc, argv, "add")) run_benchmark("group_add_var", bench_group_add_var, bench_setup, NULL, &data, 10, iters*10);
if (d || have_flag(argc, argv, "group") || have_flag(argc, argv, "add")) run_benchmark("group_add_affine", bench_group_add_affine, bench_setup, NULL, &data, 10, iters*10);
if (d || have_flag(argc, argv, "group") || have_flag(argc, argv, "add")) run_benchmark("group_add_affine_var", bench_group_add_affine_var, bench_setup, NULL, &data, 10, iters*10);
if (d || have_flag(argc, argv, "group") || have_flag(argc, argv, "add")) run_benchmark("group_add_zinv_var", bench_group_add_zinv_var, bench_setup, NULL, &data, 10, iters*10);
if (d || have_flag(argc, argv, "group") || have_flag(argc, argv, "to_affine")) run_benchmark("group_to_affine_var", bench_group_to_affine_var, bench_setup, NULL, &data, 10, iters);

if (d || have_flag(argc, argv, "ecmult") || have_flag(argc, argv, "wnaf")) run_benchmark("wnaf_const", bench_wnaf_const, bench_setup, NULL, &data, 10, iters);
Expand Down
99 changes: 61 additions & 38 deletions src/group_impl.h
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -330,15 +330,14 @@ static void secp256k1_gej_double_var(secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_gej *a, s
}

static void secp256k1_gej_add_var(secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_gej *a, const secp256k1_gej *b, secp256k1_fe *rzr) {
/* Operations: 12 mul, 4 sqr, 2 normalize, 12 mul_int/add/negate */
secp256k1_fe z22, z12, u1, u2, s1, s2, h, i, i2, h2, h3, t;
/* 12 mul, 4 sqr, 11 add/negate/normalizes_to_zero (ignoring special cases) */
secp256k1_fe z22, z12, u1, u2, s1, s2, h, i, h2, h3, t;

if (a->infinity) {
VERIFY_CHECK(rzr == NULL);
*r = *b;
return;
}

if (b->infinity) {
if (rzr != NULL) {
secp256k1_fe_set_int(rzr, 1);
Expand All @@ -347,15 +346,14 @@ static void secp256k1_gej_add_var(secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_gej *a, cons
return;
}

r->infinity = 0;
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&z22, &b->z);
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&z12, &a->z);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&u1, &a->x, &z22);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&u2, &b->x, &z12);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&s1, &a->y, &z22); secp256k1_fe_mul(&s1, &s1, &b->z);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&s2, &b->y, &z12); secp256k1_fe_mul(&s2, &s2, &a->z);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&h, &u1, 1); secp256k1_fe_add(&h, &u2);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&i, &s1, 1); secp256k1_fe_add(&i, &s2);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&i, &s2, 1); secp256k1_fe_add(&i, &s1);
if (secp256k1_fe_normalizes_to_zero_var(&h)) {
if (secp256k1_fe_normalizes_to_zero_var(&i)) {
secp256k1_gej_double_var(r, a, rzr);
Expand All @@ -367,24 +365,33 @@ static void secp256k1_gej_add_var(secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_gej *a, cons
}
return;
}
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&i2, &i);
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&h2, &h);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&h3, &h, &h2);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&h, &h, &b->z);

r->infinity = 0;
secp256k1_fe_mul(&t, &h, &b->z);
if (rzr != NULL) {
*rzr = h;
*rzr = t;
}
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->z, &a->z, &h);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->z, &a->z, &t);

secp256k1_fe_sqr(&h2, &h);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&h2, &h2, 1);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&h3, &h2, &h);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&t, &u1, &h2);
r->x = t; secp256k1_fe_mul_int(&r->x, 2); secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &h3); secp256k1_fe_negate(&r->x, &r->x, 3); secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &i2);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&r->y, &r->x, 5); secp256k1_fe_add(&r->y, &t); secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->y, &r->y, &i);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&h3, &h3, &s1); secp256k1_fe_negate(&h3, &h3, 1);

secp256k1_fe_sqr(&r->x, &i);
secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &h3);
secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &t);
secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &t);

secp256k1_fe_add(&t, &r->x);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->y, &t, &i);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&h3, &h3, &s1);
secp256k1_fe_add(&r->y, &h3);
}

static void secp256k1_gej_add_ge_var(secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_gej *a, const secp256k1_ge *b, secp256k1_fe *rzr) {
/* 8 mul, 3 sqr, 4 normalize, 12 mul_int/add/negate */
secp256k1_fe z12, u1, u2, s1, s2, h, i, i2, h2, h3, t;
/* 8 mul, 3 sqr, 13 add/negate/normalize_weak/normalizes_to_zero (ignoring special cases) */
secp256k1_fe z12, u1, u2, s1, s2, h, i, h2, h3, t;
if (a->infinity) {
VERIFY_CHECK(rzr == NULL);
secp256k1_gej_set_ge(r, b);
Expand All @@ -397,15 +404,14 @@ static void secp256k1_gej_add_ge_var(secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_gej *a, c
*r = *a;
return;
}
r->infinity = 0;

secp256k1_fe_sqr(&z12, &a->z);
u1 = a->x; secp256k1_fe_normalize_weak(&u1);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&u2, &b->x, &z12);
s1 = a->y; secp256k1_fe_normalize_weak(&s1);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&s2, &b->y, &z12); secp256k1_fe_mul(&s2, &s2, &a->z);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&h, &u1, 1); secp256k1_fe_add(&h, &u2);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&i, &s1, 1); secp256k1_fe_add(&i, &s2);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&i, &s2, 1); secp256k1_fe_add(&i, &s1);
if (secp256k1_fe_normalizes_to_zero_var(&h)) {
if (secp256k1_fe_normalizes_to_zero_var(&i)) {
secp256k1_gej_double_var(r, a, rzr);
Expand All @@ -417,28 +423,33 @@ static void secp256k1_gej_add_ge_var(secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_gej *a, c
}
return;
}
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&i2, &i);
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&h2, &h);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&h3, &h, &h2);

r->infinity = 0;
if (rzr != NULL) {
*rzr = h;
}
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->z, &a->z, &h);

secp256k1_fe_sqr(&h2, &h);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&h2, &h2, 1);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&h3, &h2, &h);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&t, &u1, &h2);
r->x = t; secp256k1_fe_mul_int(&r->x, 2); secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &h3); secp256k1_fe_negate(&r->x, &r->x, 3); secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &i2);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&r->y, &r->x, 5); secp256k1_fe_add(&r->y, &t); secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->y, &r->y, &i);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&h3, &h3, &s1); secp256k1_fe_negate(&h3, &h3, 1);

secp256k1_fe_sqr(&r->x, &i);
secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &h3);
secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &t);
secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &t);

secp256k1_fe_add(&t, &r->x);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->y, &t, &i);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&h3, &h3, &s1);
secp256k1_fe_add(&r->y, &h3);
}

static void secp256k1_gej_add_zinv_var(secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_gej *a, const secp256k1_ge *b, const secp256k1_fe *bzinv) {
/* 9 mul, 3 sqr, 4 normalize, 12 mul_int/add/negate */
secp256k1_fe az, z12, u1, u2, s1, s2, h, i, i2, h2, h3, t;
/* 9 mul, 3 sqr, 13 add/negate/normalize_weak/normalizes_to_zero (ignoring special cases) */
secp256k1_fe az, z12, u1, u2, s1, s2, h, i, h2, h3, t;

if (b->infinity) {
*r = *a;
return;
}
if (a->infinity) {
secp256k1_fe bzinv2, bzinv3;
r->infinity = b->infinity;
Expand All @@ -449,7 +460,10 @@ static void secp256k1_gej_add_zinv_var(secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_gej *a,
secp256k1_fe_set_int(&r->z, 1);
return;
}
r->infinity = 0;
if (b->infinity) {
*r = *a;
return;
}

/** We need to calculate (rx,ry,rz) = (ax,ay,az) + (bx,by,1/bzinv). Due to
* secp256k1's isomorphism we can multiply the Z coordinates on both sides
Expand All @@ -467,7 +481,7 @@ static void secp256k1_gej_add_zinv_var(secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_gej *a,
s1 = a->y; secp256k1_fe_normalize_weak(&s1);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&s2, &b->y, &z12); secp256k1_fe_mul(&s2, &s2, &az);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&h, &u1, 1); secp256k1_fe_add(&h, &u2);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&i, &s1, 1); secp256k1_fe_add(&i, &s2);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&i, &s2, 1); secp256k1_fe_add(&i, &s1);
if (secp256k1_fe_normalizes_to_zero_var(&h)) {
if (secp256k1_fe_normalizes_to_zero_var(&i)) {
secp256k1_gej_double_var(r, a, NULL);
Expand All @@ -476,14 +490,23 @@ static void secp256k1_gej_add_zinv_var(secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_gej *a,
}
return;
}
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&i2, &i);

r->infinity = 0;
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->z, &a->z, &h);

secp256k1_fe_sqr(&h2, &h);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&h3, &h, &h2);
r->z = a->z; secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->z, &r->z, &h);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&h2, &h2, 1);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&h3, &h2, &h);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&t, &u1, &h2);
r->x = t; secp256k1_fe_mul_int(&r->x, 2); secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &h3); secp256k1_fe_negate(&r->x, &r->x, 3); secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &i2);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&r->y, &r->x, 5); secp256k1_fe_add(&r->y, &t); secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->y, &r->y, &i);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&h3, &h3, &s1); secp256k1_fe_negate(&h3, &h3, 1);

secp256k1_fe_sqr(&r->x, &i);
secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &h3);
secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &t);
secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &t);

secp256k1_fe_add(&t, &r->x);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->y, &t, &i);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&h3, &h3, &s1);
secp256k1_fe_add(&r->y, &h3);
}

Expand Down