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Python GDS layout and CAD geometry creation

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PHIDL

GDS scripting that's intuitive, fast, and powerful. For Python 2 and 3.

import phidl.routing as pr
D_left = pr.route_smooth(port1, port2, radius=8, layer = 2)
D_right = pr.route_sharp(port1, port2, layer = 2)

phidl example image

Citation

If you found PHIDL useful, please consider citing it in (just one!) of your publications -- we appreciate it greatly. (BibTeX)

  • McCaughan, A. N., et. al. PHIDL: Python-based layout and geometry creation for nanolithography. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 39, 062601 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/6.0001203

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Installation / requirements

  • Install or upgrade with pip install -U phidl
  • Python 2 >=2.6 or Python 3 >=3.5
  • If you are on Windows or Mac and don't already have gdspy installed, you will need a C++ compiler
    • For Windows + Python 3, install "Build Tools for Visual Studio" (make sure to check the "C++ build tools" checkbox when installing)
    • For Mac, install "Xcode" from the App Store, then run the command xcode-select --install in the terminal

About PHIDL

fiddle (verb) - /ˈfidl/ - to make minor manual movements, especially to adjust something

PHIDL is an open-source GDS-based CAD tool for Python 2 and 3 that significantly extends the excellent gdspy. The base installation includes a large library of simple shapes (e.g. rectangles, circles), photonic structures (e.g. sine curve waveguides), and superconducting nanowire shapes (e.g. single photon detectors) that are fully parameterized. It also has a built-in quick-plotting function based on matplotlib (or Qt) that allows you view the state of any GDS object, useful when scripting geometry-making functions. It also has a geometry library reference and a set of very thorough tutorials that will walk you through the process of getting acquainted with PHIDL.

The goal is to bring the usability of Illustrator / Inkscape drawing programs to the GDS scripting world. Like Python itself, it aims to be readable, and intuitive. For instance, when building a geometry you don't have to worry about what the exact coordinates are anymore. If you want to separate two ellipses in the x direction by 5 units, you can do things like this:

ellipse1.xmin = ellipse2.xmax + 5

or if you want to move then rotate one ellipse by 45 degrees you can do

ellipse2.move([1,7]).rotate(45)

There's a few dozen shortcuts like this that make life easier built into PHIDL--they're simple, but they make a world of difference when you just want to e.g. space a ring resonator some distance from a waveguide without having to track each and every coordinate of the shape.

phidl example image

There's also a "port" functionality that allows you to snap together geometry like Legos without caring about where exactly the absolute coordinates of either geometry is. For instance, connecting the above misaligned rectangles is a two-line command:

phidl example image

It also allows you to do things like add text and create smooth or straight routing curves between "ports" of different devices, convenient for making electrical or optical connections:

phidl example image phidl example image

Other useful functionality available are standard operations like booleans:

phidl example image

and less standard ones like creating outlines. A whole layout can be outlined directly in the GDS without requiring you to use Beamer (useful for positive-tone resist structures):

pg.outline(D, distance = 0.7, layer = 4)

phidl example image

The geometry library also has useful resolution test-structures built into it, for instance

pg.litho_calipers(num_notches = 7, offset_per_notch = 0.1)
pg.litho_steps(line_widths = [1,2,4,8,16])
pg.litho_star(num_lines = 16, line_width = 3)

phidl example image

There are also handy functions to help pack shapes into as small an area as possible:

pg.packer(D_list, spacing = 1.25, aspect_ratio = (2,1))

phidl example image

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