feat(upgrade): add package.json update flow to cli

[joshblack]

Closes #10190

This PR adds in an MVP for the Upgrade CLI to support various upgrade strategies. Currently, it supports previewing and writing changes made to a workspace's package.json file. In the future, it will also support running migrations for the updates in an upgrade path.

Changelog

New

• Use esbuild to bundle packages/upgrade into a single executable cli.js
• Split out our CLI into two distinct areas to help with testability: the core CLI layer and commands
  • The CLI layer relies on manual testing and should change infrequently as a result, it's difficult to e2e CLI tools (as far as I'm aware) that require input into stdin based on questions
  • The commands (in this case commands/upgrade.js) contain all functionality for a command and have integration tests (and can have unit tests)

Changed

• Update ESLint to ignore the generated cli.js file in packages/upgrade
• Update Jest to correctly compile .cjs and .mjs files

Removed

• Remove files that are not needed for the MVP

Testing / Reviewing

• Take a look at the overall approach, ask questions if you're unsure how it works, give feedback if something feels off in this MVP
• Verify tests pass as expected (also make sure the tests accurately cover a broad range of cases)
• Try out the CLI locally by:
  • Pulling down this PR
  • Run cd packages/upgrade
  • Run yarn build to build the CLI
  • Run cd fixtures/sample-project to use our sample project fixture
  • Run ../../bin/carbon-upgrade.js --help to verify the CLI is up-and-running
  • Take a look at the options / capabilities of what's there to see if it makes sense
  • Run ../../bin/carbon-upgrade.js and choose an upgrade path. Verify the CLI does not change the file and shows a preview of the changes
  • Run ../../bin/carbon-upgrade.js -w and choose an upgrade path. Verify the CLI edits the file locally (and discard the changes)

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[abbeyhrt]

Can the use strict be removed because this file is going through the esbuild process?

[joshblack]

Yeah! Definitely

[jnm2377]

🔥 🔥 🔥
tested out and it works great!!!

[tay1orjones]

🔥 🎉