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Tests for 1 and 2 qubit clifford gates
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@ShellyGarion
ShellyGarion authored Mar 12, 2020
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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/__init__.py
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from .pauli_utils import pauli_basis
from .stabilizer_table import StabilizerTable
from .clifford import Clifford
from .clifford_append_gate import append_gate
308 changes: 308 additions & 0 deletions test/python/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/test_clifford_gates.py
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# This code is part of Qiskit.
#
# (C) Copyright IBM 2017, 2020.
#
# This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may
# obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory
# of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
#
# Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this
# copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating
# that they have been altered from the originals.

# pylint: disable=invalid-name

"""Tests for clifford append gate functions."""

import unittest
import numpy as np

from qiskit.test import QiskitTestCase
from qiskit.quantum_info.operators.symplectic import Clifford, append_gate

class TestCliffordGates(QiskitTestCase):
"""Tests for clifford append gate functions."""

def test_append_1_qubit_gate(self):
"Tests for append of 1-qubit gates"

target_table = {
"i" : np.array([[[True, False], [False, True]]], dtype=np.bool),
"id": np.array([[[True, False], [False, True]]], dtype=np.bool),
"iden": np.array([[[True, False], [False, True]]], dtype=np.bool),
"x": np.array([[[True, False], [False, True]]], dtype=np.bool),
"y": np.array([[[True, False], [False, True]]], dtype=np.bool),
"z": np.array([[[True, False], [False, True]]], dtype=np.bool),
"h": np.array([[[False, True], [True, False]]], dtype=np.bool),
"s": np.array([[[True, True], [False, True]]], dtype=np.bool),
"sdg": np.array([[[True, True], [False, True]]], dtype=np.bool),
"sinv": np.array([[[True, True], [False, True]]], dtype=np.bool),
"v": np.array([[[True, True], [True, False]]], dtype=np.bool),
"w": np.array([[[False, True], [True, True]]], dtype=np.bool),

}

target_phase = {
"i": np.array([[False, False]], dtype=np.bool),
"id": np.array([[False, False]], dtype=np.bool),
"iden": np.array([[False, False]], dtype=np.bool),
"x": np.array([[False, True]], dtype=np.bool),
"y": np.array([[True, True]], dtype=np.bool),
"z": np.array([[True, False]], dtype=np.bool),
"h": np.array([[False, False]], dtype=np.bool),
"s": np.array([[False, False]], dtype=np.bool),
"sdg": np.array([[True, False]], dtype=np.bool),
"sinv": np.array([[True, False]], dtype=np.bool),
"v": np.array([[False, False]], dtype=np.bool),
"w": np.array([[False, False]], dtype=np.bool)
}

target_stabilizer = {
"i": "+Z",
"id": "+Z",
"iden": "+Z",
"x": "-Z",
"y": "-Z",
"z": "+Z",
"h": "+X",
"s": "+Z",
"sdg": "+Z",
"sinv": "+Z",
"v": "+X",
"w": "+Y",
}

target_destabilizer = {
"i": "+X",
"id": "+X",
"iden": "+X",
"x": "+X",
"y": "-X",
"z": "-X",
"h": "+Z",
"s": "+Y",
"sdg": "-Y",
"sinv": "-Y",
"v": "+Y",
"w": "+Z",
}

for gate_name in ("i", "id", "iden", "x", "y", "z", "h",
"s", "sdg", "v", "w"):
with self.subTest(msg='append gate %s'%gate_name):
cliff = Clifford([[1, 0], [0, 1]])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, gate_name, [0])
value_table = cliff.table._array
value_phase = cliff.table._phase
value_stabilizer = cliff.stabilizer.to_labels()
value_destabilizer = cliff.destabilizer.to_labels()
self.assertTrue(np.all(np.array(value_table ==
target_table[gate_name])))
self.assertTrue(np.all(np.array(value_phase ==
target_phase[gate_name])))
self.assertTrue(np.all(np.array(value_stabilizer ==
[target_stabilizer[gate_name]])))
self.assertTrue(np.all(np.array(value_destabilizer ==
[target_destabilizer[gate_name]])))

def test_1_qubit_identity_relations(self):
"Tests identity relations for 1-qubit gates"

for gate_name in ("x", "y", "z", "h"):
with self.subTest(msg='identity for gate %s'%gate_name):
cliff = Clifford([[1, 0], [0, 1]])
cliff1 = cliff.copy()
cliff = append_gate(cliff, gate_name, [0])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, gate_name, [0])
self.assertEqual(cliff, cliff1)

gates = ['s', 's', 'v']
inv_gates = ['sdg', 'sinv', 'w']

for gate_name, inv_gate in zip(gates, inv_gates):
with self.subTest(msg='identity for gate %s' % gate_name):
cliff = Clifford([[1, 0], [0, 1]])
cliff1 = cliff.copy()
cliff = append_gate(cliff, gate_name, [0])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, inv_gate, [0])
self.assertEqual(cliff, cliff1)

def test_1_qubit_mult_relations(self):
"Tests multiplicity relations for 1-qubit gates"

rels = ['x * y = z', 'x * z = y', 'y * z = x',
's * s = z', 'sdg * sdg = z', 'sinv * sinv = z',
'sdg * h = v', 'h * s = w']

for rel in rels:
with self.subTest(msg='relation %s'%rel):
split_rel = rel.split()
cliff = Clifford([[1, 0], [0, 1]])
cliff1 = cliff.copy()
cliff = append_gate(cliff, split_rel[0], [0])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, split_rel[2], [0])
cliff1 = append_gate(cliff1, split_rel[4], [0])
self.assertEqual(cliff, cliff1)

def test_1_qubit_conj_relations(self):
"Tests conjugation relations for 1-qubit gates"

rels = ['h * x * h = z', 'h * y * h = y',
's * x * sdg = y', 'w * x * v = y',
'w * y * v = z', 'w * z * v = x']

for rel in rels:
with self.subTest(msg='relation %s' % rel):
split_rel = rel.split()
cliff = Clifford([[1, 0], [0, 1]])
cliff1 = cliff.copy()
cliff = append_gate(cliff, split_rel[0], [0])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, split_rel[2], [0])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, split_rel[4], [0])
cliff1 = append_gate(cliff1, split_rel[6], [0])
self.assertEqual(cliff, cliff1)

def test_append_2_qubit_gate(self):
"Tests for append of 2-qubit gates"

target_table = {
"cx [0, 1]": np.array([[True, True, False, False],
[False, True, False, False],
[False, False, True, False],
[False, False, True, True]]),

"cx [1, 0]": np.array([[True, False, False, False],
[True, True, False, False],
[False, False, True, True],
[False, False, False, True]]),

"cz [0, 1]": np.array([[True, False, False, True],
[False, True, True, False],
[False, False, True, False],
[False, False, False, True]]),

"cz [1, 0]": np.array([[True, False, False, True],
[False, True, True, False],
[False, False, True, False],
[False, False, False, True]]),

"swap [0, 1]": np.array([[False, True, False, False],
[True, False, False, False],
[False, False, False, True],
[False, False, True, False]]),

"swap [1, 0]": np.array([[False, True, False, False],
[True, False, False, False],
[False, False, False, True],
[False, False, True, False]])
}

target_phase = np.array([False, False, False, False])

target_stabilizer = {
"cx [0, 1]": ['+ZI', '+ZZ'],
"cx [1, 0]": ['+ZZ', '+IZ'],
"cz [0, 1]": ['+ZI', '+IZ'],
"cz [1, 0]": ['+ZI', '+IZ'],
"swap [0, 1]": ['+IZ', '+ZI'],
"swap [1, 0]": ['+IZ', '+ZI']
}

target_destabilizer = {
"cx [0, 1]": ['+XX', '+IX'],
"cx [1, 0]": ['+XI', '+XX'],
"cz [0, 1]": ['+XZ', '+ZX'],
"cz [1, 0]": ['+XZ', '+ZX'],
"swap [0, 1]": ['+IX', '+XI'],
"swap [1, 0]": ['+IX', '+XI']
}

for gate_name in ("cx", "cz", "swap"):
for qubits in ([0, 1], [1, 0]):
with self.subTest(msg='append gate %s %s'%(
gate_name, qubits)):
gate_qubits = gate_name + " " + str(qubits)
cliff = Clifford(np.eye(4))
cliff = append_gate(cliff, gate_name, qubits)
value_table = cliff.table._array
value_phase = cliff.table._phase
value_stabilizer = cliff.stabilizer.to_labels()
value_destabilizer = cliff.destabilizer.to_labels()
self.assertTrue(np.all(np.array(value_table ==
target_table[gate_qubits])))
self.assertTrue(np.all(np.array(value_phase ==
target_phase)))
self.assertTrue(np.all(np.array(value_stabilizer ==
target_stabilizer[gate_qubits])))
self.assertTrue(np.all(np.array(value_destabilizer ==
target_destabilizer[gate_qubits])))

def test_2_qubit_identity_relations(self):
"Tests identity relations for 2-qubit gates"

for gate_name in ("cx", "cz", "swap"):
for qubits in ([0, 1], [1, 0]):
with self.subTest(msg='append gate %s %s'%(
gate_name, qubits)):
cliff = Clifford(np.eye(4))
cliff1 = cliff.copy()
cliff = append_gate(cliff, gate_name, qubits)
cliff = append_gate(cliff, gate_name, qubits)
self.assertEqual(cliff, cliff1)

def test_2_qubit_relations(self):
"Tests relations for 2-qubit gates"

with self.subTest(msg='relation between cx, h and cz'):
cliff = Clifford(np.eye(4))
cliff1 = cliff.copy()
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'h', [1])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'cx', [0, 1])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'h', [1])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'cz', [0, 1])
self.assertEqual(cliff, cliff1)

with self.subTest(msg='relation between cx and swap'):
cliff = Clifford(np.eye(4))
cliff1 = cliff.copy()
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'cx', [0, 1])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'cx', [1, 0])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'cx', [0, 1])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'swap', [0, 1])
self.assertEqual(cliff, cliff1)

with self.subTest(msg='relation between cx and x'):
cliff = Clifford(np.eye(4))
cliff1 = cliff.copy()
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'cx', [0, 1])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'x', [0])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'cx', [0, 1])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'x', [0])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'x', [1])
self.assertEqual(cliff, cliff1)

with self.subTest(msg='relation between cx and z'):
cliff = Clifford(np.eye(4))
cliff1 = cliff.copy()
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'cx', [0, 1])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'z', [1])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'cx', [0, 1])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'z', [0])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'z', [1])
self.assertEqual(cliff, cliff1)

with self.subTest(msg='relation between cx and s'):
cliff = Clifford(np.eye(4))
cliff1 = cliff.copy()
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'cx', [1, 0])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'cx', [0, 1])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 's', [1])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'cx', [0, 1])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'cx', [1, 0])
cliff = append_gate(cliff, 'sdg', [0])
self.assertEqual(cliff, cliff1)

if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()

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