[8.x] Add one-of-many relationship (inner join) (laravel#37362)

* added one-of-many to has-one

* Apply fixes from StyleCI

* fixed getResults

* added query methods to forwardToOneOfManyQuery

* Apply fixes from StyleCI

* improvements & tests

* Apply fixes from StyleCI

* use where or having

* Apply fixes from StyleCI

* join

* wip

* wip

* fixes style

* updated contract

* multiple aggregastes

* Apply fixes from StyleCI

* formatting

* formatting

* Apply fixes from StyleCI

* formatting

* rename class

* add file

* rename array key

* add of-many to morph-one

* Apply fixes from StyleCI

* fixed pivot test

* Apply fixes from StyleCI

* fixed return type

* formatting

* add shortcut methods

* move test

* multiple columns in shortcut

* Apply fixes from StyleCI

* add key when missing

* Apply fixes from StyleCI

* use collections

* fail for invalid aggregates

* Apply fixes from StyleCI

* formatting

Co-authored-by: Taylor Otwell <taylorotwell@gmail.com>

src/Illuminate/Contracts/Database/Eloquent/SupportsPartialRelations.php

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Illuminate\Contracts\Database\Eloquent;
+
+use Closure;
+
+interface SupportsPartialRelations
+{
+    /**
+     * Indicate that the relation is a single result of a larger one-to-many relationship.
+     *
+     * @param  Closure|string|null $column
+     * @param  string|null $relation
+     * @param  string  $relation
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function ofMany($column = 'id', $aggregate = 'MAX', $relation = null);
+
+    /**
+     * Determine whether the relationship is a one-of-many relationship.
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    public function isOneOfMany();
+}

src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Relations/Concerns/CanBeOneOfMany.php

@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\Concerns;
+
+use Closure;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder;
+use Illuminate\Database\Query\JoinClause;
+use Illuminate\Support\Arr;
+use Illuminate\Support\Str;
+use InvalidArgumentException;
+
+trait CanBeOneOfMany
+{
+    /**
+     * Determines whether the relationship is one-of-many.
+     *
+     * @var bool
+     */
+    protected $isOneOfMany = false;
+
+    /**
+     * The name of the relationship.
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $relationName;
+
+    /**
+     * Add constraints for inner join subselect for one of many relationships.
+     *
+     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder  $query
+     * @param  string|null  $column
+     * @param  string|null  $aggregate
+     * @return void
+     */
+    abstract public function addOneOfManySubQueryConstraints(Builder $query, $column = null, $aggregate = null);
+
+    /**
+     * Get the columns the determine the relationship groups.
+     *
+     * @return array|string
+     */
+    abstract public function getOneOfManySubQuerySelectColumns();
+
+    /**
+     * Add join query constraints for one of many relationships.
+     *
+     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\JoinClause  $join
+     * @return void
+     */
+    abstract public function addOneOfManyJoinSubQueryConstraints(JoinClause $join);
+
+    /**
+     * Indicate that the relation is a single result of a larger one-to-many relationship.
+     *
+     * @param  string|array|null  $column
+     * @param  string|Closure|null  $aggregate
+     * @param  string|null  $relation
+     * @return $this
+     *
+     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
+     */
+    public function ofMany($column = 'id', $aggregate = 'MAX', $relation = null)
+    {
+        $this->isOneOfMany = true;
+
+        $this->relationName = $relation ?: $this->guessRelationship();
+
+        $keyName = $this->query->getModel()->getKeyName();
+
+        $columns = is_string($columns = $column) ? [
+            $column => $aggregate,
+            $keyName => $aggregate,
+        ] : $column;
+
+        if (! array_key_exists($keyName, $columns)) {
+            $columns[$keyName] = 'MAX';
+        }
+
+        if ($aggregate instanceof Closure) {
+            $closure = $aggregate;
+        }
+
+        foreach ($columns as $column => $aggregate) {
+            if (! in_array(strtolower($aggregate), ['min', 'max'])) {
+                throw new InvalidArgumentException("Invalid aggregate [{$aggregate}] used within ofMany relation. Available aggregates: MIN, MAX");
+            }
+
+            $subQuery = $this->newSubQuery(
+                isset($previous) ? $previous['column'] : $this->getOneOfManySubQuerySelectColumns(),
+                $column, $aggregate
+            );
+
+            if (isset($previous)) {
+                $this->addJoinSub($subQuery, $previous['subQuery'], $previous['column']);
+            } elseif (isset($closure)) {
+                $closure($subQuery);
+            }
+
+            if (array_key_last($columns) == $column) {
+                $this->addJoinSub($this->query, $subQuery, $column);
+            }
+
+            $previous = [
+                'subQuery' => $subQuery,
+                'column' => $column,
+            ];
+        }
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Indicate that the relation is the latest single result of a larger one-to-many relationship.
+     *
+     * @param  string|array|null  $column
+     * @param  string|Closure|null  $aggregate
+     * @param  string|null  $relation
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function latestOfMany($column = 'id', $relation = null)
+    {
+        return $this->ofMany(collect(Arr::wrap($column))->mapWithKeys(function ($column) {
+            return [$column => 'MAX'];
+        })->all(), 'MAX', $relation ?: $this->guessRelationship());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Indicate that the relation is the oldest single result of a larger one-to-many relationship.
+     *
+     * @param  string|array|null  $column
+     * @param  string|Closure|null  $aggregate
+     * @param  string|null  $relation
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function oldestOfMany($column = 'id', $relation = null)
+    {
+        return $this->ofMany(collect(Arr::wrap($column))->mapWithKeys(function ($column) {
+            return [$column => 'MIN'];
+        })->all(), 'MIN', $relation ?: $this->guessRelationship());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get a new query for the related model, grouping the query by the given column, often the foreign key of the relationship.
+     *
+     * @param  string|array  $groupBy
+     * @param  string|null  $column
+     * @param  string|null  $aggregate
+     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder
+     */
+    protected function newSubQuery($groupBy, $column = null, $aggregate = null)
+    {
+        $subQuery = $this->query->getModel()
+            ->newQuery();
+
+        foreach (Arr::wrap($groupBy) as $group) {
+            $subQuery->groupBy($this->qualifyRelatedColumn($group));
+        }
+
+        if (! is_null($column)) {
+            $subQuery->selectRaw($aggregate.'('.$column.') as '.$column);
+        }
+
+        $this->addOneOfManySubQueryConstraints($subQuery, $groupBy, $column, $aggregate);
+
+        return $subQuery;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add the join subquery to the given query on the given column and the relationship's foreign key.
+     *
+     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder  $parent
+     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder  $subQuery
+     * @param  string  $on
+     * @return void
+     */
+    protected function addJoinSub(Builder $parent, Builder $subQuery, $on)
+    {
+        $parent->joinSub($subQuery, $this->relationName, function ($join) use ($on) {
+            $join->on($this->qualifySubSelectColumn($on), '=', $this->qualifyRelatedColumn($on));
+
+            $this->addOneOfManyJoinSubQueryConstraints($join, $on);
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the qualified column name for the one-of-many relationship using the subselect join query's alias.
+     *
+     * @param  string  $column
+     * @return string
+     */
+    public function qualifySubSelectColumn($column)
+    {
+        return $this->getRelationName().'.'.last(explode('.', $column));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Qualify related column using the related table name if it is not already qualified.
+     *
+     * @param  string  $column
+     * @return string
+     */
+    protected function qualifyRelatedColumn($column)
+    {
+        return Str::contains($column, '.') ? $column : $this->query->getModel()->getTable().'.'.$column;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Guess the "hasOne" relationship's name via backtrace.
+     *
+     * @return string
+     */
+    protected function guessRelationship()
+    {
+        return debug_backtrace(DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS, 3)[2]['function'];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Determine whether the relationship is a one-of-many relationship.
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    public function isOneOfMany()
+    {
+        return $this->isOneOfMany;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the name of the relationship.
+     *
+     * @return string
+     */
+    public function getRelationName()
+    {
+        return $this->relationName;
+    }
+}

src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Relations/Concerns/ComparesRelatedModels.php

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\Concerns;
 
+use Illuminate\Contracts\Database\Eloquent\SupportsPartialRelations;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
 
 trait ComparesRelatedModels
@@ -14,10 +15,18 @@ trait ComparesRelatedModels
      */
     public function is($model)
     {
-        return ! is_null($model) &&
+        $match = ! is_null($model) &&
                $this->compareKeys($this->getParentKey(), $this->getRelatedKeyFrom($model)) &&
                $this->related->getTable() === $model->getTable() &&
                $this->related->getConnectionName() === $model->getConnectionName();
+
+        if ($match && $this instanceof SupportsPartialRelations && $this->isOneOfMany()) {
+            return $this->query
+                        ->whereKey($model->getKey())
+                        ->exists();
+        }
+
+        return $match;
     }
 
     /**

src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Relations/HasOne.php

@@ -2,14 +2,18 @@
 
 namespace Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations;
 
+use Illuminate\Contracts\Database\Eloquent\SupportsPartialRelations;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\Concerns\CanBeOneOfMany;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\Concerns\ComparesRelatedModels;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\Concerns\SupportsDefaultModels;
+use Illuminate\Database\Query\JoinClause;
 
-class HasOne extends HasOneOrMany
+class HasOne extends HasOneOrMany implements SupportsPartialRelations
 {
-    use ComparesRelatedModels, SupportsDefaultModels;
+    use ComparesRelatedModels, CanBeOneOfMany, SupportsDefaultModels;
 
     /**
      * Get the results of the relationship.
@@ -54,6 +58,63 @@ public function match(array $models, Collection $results, $relation)
         return $this->matchOne($models, $results, $relation);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Add the constraints for an internal relationship existence query.
+     *
+     * Essentially, these queries compare on column names like "whereColumn".
+     *
+     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder  $query
+     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder  $parentQuery
+     * @param  array|mixed  $columns
+     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder
+     */
+    public function getRelationExistenceQuery(Builder $query, Builder $parentQuery, $columns = ['*'])
+    {
+        if (! $this->isOneOfMany()) {
+            return parent::getRelationExistenceQuery($query, $parentQuery, $columns);
+        }
+
+        $query->getQuery()->joins = $this->query->getQuery()->joins;
+
+        return $query->select($columns)->whereColumn(
+            $this->getQualifiedParentKeyName(), '=', $this->getExistenceCompareKey()
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add constraints for inner join subselect for one of many relationships.
+     *
+     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder  $query
+     * @param  string|null  $column
+     * @param  string|null  $aggregate
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function addOneOfManySubQueryConstraints(Builder $query, $column = null, $aggregate = null)
+    {
+        $query->addSelect($this->foreignKey);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the columns that should be selected by the one of many subquery.
+     *
+     * @return array|string
+     */
+    public function getOneOfManySubQuerySelectColumns()
+    {
+        return $this->foreignKey;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add join query constraints for one of many relationships.
+     *
+     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\JoinClause  $join
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function addOneOfManyJoinSubQueryConstraints(JoinClause $join)
+    {
+        $join->on($this->qualifySubSelectColumn($this->foreignKey), '=', $this->qualifyRelatedColumn($this->foreignKey));
+    }
+
     /**
      * Make a new related instance for the given model.
      *