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docs(simapp): refactored README readability and more usability (#21383)
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Co-authored-by: Julien Robert <julien@rbrt.fr>
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goodylili and julienrbrt authored Aug 27, 2024
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# `SimApp`

`SimApp` is an application built using the Cosmos SDK for testing and educational purposes.
`SimApp` is a CLI application built using the Cosmos SDK for testing and educational purposes.

## Running testnets with `simd`

If you want to spin up a quick testnet with your friends, you can follow these steps.
Unless otherwise noted, every step must be done by everyone who wants to participate
in this testnet.

1. From the root directory of the Cosmos SDK repository, run `$ make build`. This will build the
`simd` binary inside a new `build` directory. The following instructions are run from inside
the `build` directory.
2. If you've run `simd` before, you may need to reset your database before starting a new
testnet. You can reset your database with the following command: `$ ./simd comet unsafe-reset-all`.
3. `$ ./simd init [moniker] --chain-id [chain-id]`. This will initialize a new working directory
at the default location `~/.simapp`. You need to provide a "moniker" and a "chain id". These
two names can be anything, but you will need to use the same "chain id" in the following steps.
4. `$ ./simd keys add [key_name]`. This will create a new key, with a name of your choosing.
Save the output of this command somewhere; you'll need the address generated here later.
5. `$ ./simd genesis add-genesis-account [key_name] [amount]`, where `key_name` is the same key name as
before; and `amount` is something like `10000000000000000000000000stake`.
6. `$ ./simd genesis gentx [key_name] [amount] --chain-id [chain-id]`. This will create the genesis
transaction for your new chain. Here `amount` should be at least `1000000000stake`. If you
provide too much or too little, you will encounter an error when starting your node.
7. Now, one person needs to create the genesis file `genesis.json` using the genesis transactions
from every participant, by gathering all the genesis transactions under `config/gentx` and then
calling `$ ./simd genesis collect-gentxs`. This will create a new `genesis.json` file that includes data
from all the validators (we sometimes call it the "super genesis file" to distinguish it from
single-validator genesis files).
8. Once you've received the super genesis file, overwrite your original `genesis.json` file with
the new super `genesis.json`.
9. Modify your `config/config.toml` (in the simapp working directory) to include the other participants as
persistent peers:

```text
# Comma separated list of nodes to keep persistent connections to
persistent_peers = "[validator_address]@[ip_address]:[port],[validator_address]@[ip_address]:[port]"
```

You can find `validator_address` by running `$ ./simd comet show-node-id`. The output will
be the hex-encoded `validator_address`. The default `port` is 26656.
10. Now you can start your nodes: `$ ./simd start`.
Except stated otherwise, all participants in the testnet must follow through with each step.

### 1. Download and Setup

Download the Cosmos SDK and unzip it. You can do this manually (via the GitHub UI) or with the git clone command.

```sh
git clone github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk.git
```

Next, run this command to build the `simd` binary in the `build` directory.

```sh
make build
```

Use the following command and skip all the next steps to configure your SimApp node:

```sh
make init-simapp
```

If you’ve run `simd` in the past, you may need to reset your database before starting up a new testnet. You can do that with this command:

```sh
# you need to provide the moniker and chain ID
$ ./simd init [moniker] --chain-id [chain-id]
```

The command should initialize a new working directory at the `~simapp` location.

The `moniker` and `chain-id` can be anything but you need to use the same `chain-id` subsequently.


### 2. Create a New Key

Execute this command to create a new key.

```sh
./simd keys add [key_name]
```

The command will create a new key with your chosen name.

⚠️ Save the output somewhere safe; you’ll need the address later.

### 3. Add Genesis Account

Add a genesis account to your testnet blockchain.

```sh
$ ./simd genesis add-genesis-account [key_name] [amount]
```

Where `key_name` is the same key name as before, and the `amount` is something like `10000000000000000000000000stake`.

### 4. Add the Genesis Transaction

This creates the genesis transaction for your testnet chain.

```sh
$ ./simd genesis gentx [key_name] [amount] --chain-id [chain-id]
```

The amount should be at least `1000000000stake`. When you start your node, providing too much or too little may result in errors.

### 5. Create the Genesis File

A participant must create the genesis file `genesis.json` with every participant's transaction.

You can do this by gathering all the Genesis transactions under `config/gentx` and then executing this command.

```sh
$ ./simd genesis collect-gentxs
```

The command will create a new `genesis.json` file that includes data from all the validators. The command will create a new `genesis.json` file, including data from all the validators

Once you've received the super genesis file, overwrite your original `genesis.json` file with
the new super `genesis.json`.

Modify your `config/config.toml` (in the simapp working directory) to include the other participants as
persistent peers:

```
# Comma-separated list of nodes to keep persistent connections to
persistent_peers = "[validator_address]@[ip_address]:[port],[validator_address]@[ip_address]:[port]"
```

You can find `validator_address` by executing:

```sh
$ ./simd comet show-node-id
```

The output will be the hex-encoded `validator_address`. The default `port` is 26656.

### 6. Start the Nodes

Finally, execute this command to start your nodes.

```sh
$ ./simd start
```

Now you have a small testnet that you can use to try out changes to the Cosmos SDK or CometBFT!

NOTE: Sometimes creating the network through the `collect-gentxs` will fail, and validators will start
in a funny state (and then panic). If this happens, you can try to create and start the network first
> ⚠️ NOTE: Sometimes, creating the network through the `collect-gents` will fail, and validators will start in a funny state (and then panic).
>
If this happens, you can try to create and start the network first
with a single validator and then add additional validators using a `create-validator` transaction.

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