Update dbt-semantic-interfaces dependency to compatible range

A recent update to the version ranges for our internally
maintained support packages quite reasonably expanded the
allowed versions for dbt-semantic-interfaces to all minor versions
after 0.5.0, under the assumption that subsequent releases will
generally be backwards-compatible.

Unfortunately, dbt-semantic-interfaces is not yet in that state.
So we update the version range accordingly, and include some
comments around version range expectations for dependencies
listed in this section of dbt-core's package configuration.

.changes/unreleased/Dependencies-20240226-123502.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+kind: Dependencies
+body: Cap dbt-semantic-interfaces version range to <0.6
+time: 2024-02-26T12:35:02.643779-08:00
+custom:
+  Author: tlento
+  PR: "9671"

core/setup.py

@@ -68,10 +68,12 @@
         "pathspec>=0.9,<0.12",
         "sqlparse>=0.2.3,<0.5",
         # ----
-        # These are major-version-0 packages also maintained by dbt-labs. Accept patches.
+        # These are major-version-0 packages also maintained by dbt-labs.
+        # Accept patches but avoid automatically updating past a set minor version range.
         "dbt-extractor>=0.5.0,<=0.6",
         "minimal-snowplow-tracker>=0.0.2,<0.1",
-        "dbt-semantic-interfaces<1.0.0a1",
+        "dbt-semantic-interfaces>=0.5.0a2,<0.6",
+        # Minor versions for these are expected to be backwards-compatible
         "dbt-common<1.0",
         "dbt-adapters>=0.1.0a2,<1.0",
         # ----