feat(unstable): add JS linting plugin infrastructure (#27416)

This PR extracts the core part of
#27203 to make it easier to review
and land in parts.

It contains:
-  The JS plugin code the deserializes and walks the buffer
- The Rust portion to serialize SWC to the buffer format (a bunch of
nodes are still todos, but imo these can land anytime later)
- Basic lint plugin types, without the AST node types to make this PR
easier to review
- Added more code comments to explain the format etc.


More fixes and changes will be done in follow-up PRs.

---------

Co-authored-by: Bartek Iwańczuk <biwanczuk@gmail.com>

cli/js/40_lint_types.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+// Copyright 2018-2024 the Deno authors. All rights reserved. MIT license.
+
+export interface NodeFacade {
+  type: string;
+  range: [number, number];
+  [key: string]: unknown;
+}
+
+export interface AstContext {
+  buf: Uint8Array;
+  strTable: Map<number, string>;
+  strTableOffset: number;
+  rootOffset: number;
+  nodes: Map<number, NodeFacade>;
+  strByType: number[];
+  strByProp: number[];
+  typeByStr: Map<string, number>;
+  propByStr: Map<string, number>;
+}
+
+// TODO(@marvinhagemeister) Remove once we land "official" types
+export interface RuleContext {
+  id: string;
+}
+
+// TODO(@marvinhagemeister) Remove once we land "official" types
+export interface LintRule {
+  create(ctx: RuleContext): Record<string, (node: unknown) => void>;
+  destroy?(ctx: RuleContext): void;
+}
+
+// TODO(@marvinhagemeister) Remove once we land "official" types
+export interface LintPlugin {
+  name: string;
+  rules: Record<string, LintRule>;
+}
+
+export interface LintState {
+  plugins: LintPlugin[];
+  installedPlugins: Set<string>;
+}
+
+export type VisitorFn = (node: unknown) => void;
+
+export interface CompiledVisitor {
+  matcher: (offset: number) => boolean;
+  info: { enter: VisitorFn; exit: VisitorFn };
+}
+
+export {};

cli/ops/lint.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// Copyright 2018-2024 the Deno authors. All rights reserved. MIT license.
+
+use deno_ast::MediaType;
+use deno_ast::ModuleSpecifier;
+use deno_core::error::generic_error;
+use deno_core::error::AnyError;
+use deno_core::op2;
+
+use crate::tools::lint;
+
+deno_core::extension!(deno_lint, ops = [op_lint_create_serialized_ast,],);
+
+#[op2]
+#[buffer]
+fn op_lint_create_serialized_ast(
+  #[string] file_name: &str,
+  #[string] source: String,
+) -> Result<Vec<u8>, AnyError> {
+  let file_text = deno_ast::strip_bom(source);
+  let path = std::env::current_dir()?.join(file_name);
+  let specifier = ModuleSpecifier::from_file_path(&path).map_err(|_| {
+    generic_error(format!("Failed to parse path as URL: {}", path.display()))
+  })?;
+  let media_type = MediaType::from_specifier(&specifier);
+  let parsed_source = deno_ast::parse_program(deno_ast::ParseParams {
+    specifier,
+    text: file_text.into(),
+    media_type,
+    capture_tokens: false,
+    scope_analysis: false,
+    maybe_syntax: None,
+  })?;
+  Ok(lint::serialize_ast_to_buffer(&parsed_source))
+}

cli/ops/mod.rs

@@ -2,4 +2,5 @@
 
 pub mod bench;
 pub mod jupyter;
+pub mod lint;
 pub mod testing;