fix: colorio.js patch mocking CSS (#4456)

Adds `patch-package` as suggested in the issue this PR fixes. The goal
is to allow `window.CSS` to be mocked `null` in situations such as using
JSdom.

Tests cover a version that is patched and one that is unpatched to
demonstrate the patch truly fixes the issue.

fixes: #4400

---

**Developer Notes/Questions** for review:

- Someone mentioned the patch step should _not_ be `postinstall`, what
should it be instead?
- For test coverage purposes it's useful to keep an unpatched version,
currently this is done manually in `patches/color.unpatched.js` but
perhaps there's a better way
- It's a bit gross modifying so many pre-compiled `dist` files
- Instead of a patch, we could pull in colorjs.io as a submodule and
build it ourselves, unsure how to propagate that to consumers of
axe-core however
- Perhaps this is fine and I could document how to update the patch in
the future

---------

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Steven Lambert <2433219+straker@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: gaiety-deque <gaiety-deque@users.noreply.github.com>

.circleci/config.yml

@@ -61,13 +61,14 @@ jobs:
           paths:
             - node_modules
 
-  # Build and cache axe.js
+  # Build and cache built files
   build_unix:
     <<: *defaults
     <<: *unix_box
     steps:
       - checkout
       - <<: *restore_dependency_cache_unix
+      - run: npm run prepare
       - run: npm run build
       - save_cache:
           key: v9-cache-build-<< pipeline.git.revision >>

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ jobs:
           node-version: 20
           cache: 'npm'
       - run: npm ci
+      - run: npm run prepare
       - run: npm run build
       - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:

.gitignore

@@ -28,4 +28,3 @@ typings/axe-core/axe-core-tests.js
 
 # doc
 doc/rule-descriptions.*.md
-

eslint.config.js

@@ -185,6 +185,7 @@ module.exports = [
     ignores: [
       '**/node_modules/*',
       '**/tmp/*',
+      'patches/*',
       'build/tasks/aria-supported.js',
       'doc/api/*',
       'doc/examples/jest_react/*.js',