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Ronald Record edited this page Aug 29, 2022 · 2 revisions

Web Plugin

The web plugin is a very basic alternative interface to beets that supplements the CLI. It can't do much right now, and the interface is a little clunky, but you can use it to query and browse your music and---in browsers that support HTML5 Audio---you can even play music.

While it's not meant to replace the CLI, a graphical interface has a number of advantages in certain situations. For example, when editing a tag, a natural CLI makes you retype the whole thing---common GUI conventions can be used to just edit the part of the tag you want to change. A graphical interface could also drastically increase the number of people who can use beets.

Install

The Web interface depends on Flask. To get it, just run pip install flask. Then enable the web plugin in your configuration (see using-plugins{.interpreted-text role="ref"}).

If you need CORS (it's disabled by default---see web-cors{.interpreted-text role="ref"}, below), then you also need flask-cors. Just type pip install flask-cors.

Run the Server

Then just type beet web to start the server and go to http://localhost:8337/. This is what it looks like:

image

You can also specify the hostname and port number used by the Web server. These can be specified on the command line or in the [web] section of your configuration file </reference/config>{.interpreted-text role="doc"}.

On the command line, use beet web [HOSTNAME] [PORT]. Or the configuration options below.

Usage

Type queries into the little search box. Double-click a track to play it with HTML5 Audio.

Configuration

To configure the plugin, make a web: section in your configuration file. The available options are:

  • host: The server hostname. Set this to 0.0.0.0 to bind to all interfaces. Default: Bind to 127.0.0.1.
  • port: The server port. Default: 8337.
  • cors: The CORS allowed origin (see web-cors{.interpreted-text role="ref"}, below). Default: CORS is disabled.
  • cors_supports_credentials: Support credentials when using CORS (see web-cors{.interpreted-text role="ref"}, below). Default: CORS_SUPPORTS_CREDENTIALS is disabled.
  • reverse_proxy: If true, enable reverse proxy support (see reverse-proxy{.interpreted-text role="ref"}, below). Default: false.
  • include_paths: If true, includes paths in item objects. Default: false.
  • readonly: If true, DELETE and PATCH operations are not allowed. Only GET is permitted. Default: true.

Implementation

The Web backend is built using a simple REST+JSON API with the excellent Flask library. The frontend is a single-page application written with Backbone.js. This allows future non-Web clients to use the same backend API.

Eventually, to make the Web player really viable, we should use a Flash fallback for unsupported formats/browsers. There are a number of options for this:

Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) {#web-cors}

The web plugin's API can be used as a backend for an in-browser client. By default, browsers will only allow access from clients running on the same server as the API. (You will get an arcane error about XMLHttpRequest otherwise.) A technology called CORS lets you relax this restriction.

If you want to use an in-browser client hosted elsewhere (or running from a different server on your machine), first install the flask-cors plugin by typing pip install flask-cors. Then set the cors configuration option to the "origin" (protocol, host, and optional port number) where the client is served. Or set it to '*' to enable access from all origins. Note that there are security implications if you set the origin to '*', so please research this before using it.

If the web server is behind a proxy that uses credentials, you might want to set the cors_supports_credentials configuration option to true to let in-browser clients log in.

For example:

web:
    host: 0.0.0.0
    cors: 'http://example.com'

Reverse Proxy Support {#reverse-proxy}

When the server is running behind a reverse proxy, you can tell the plugin to respect forwarded headers. Specifically, this can help when you host the plugin at a base URL other than the root / or when you use the proxy to handle secure connections. Enable the reverse_proxy configuration option if you do this.

Technically, this option lets the proxy provide X-Script-Name and X-Scheme HTTP headers to control the plugin's the SCRIPT_NAME and its wsgi.url_scheme parameter.

Here's a sample Nginx configuration that serves the web plugin under the /beets directory:

location /beets {
    proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header X-Scheme $scheme;
    proxy_set_header X-Script-Name /beets;
}

JSON API

GET /item/

Responds with a list of all tracks in the beets library. :

{
  "items": [
    {
      "id": 6,
      "title": "A Song",
      ...
    }, {
      "id": 12,
      "title": "Another Song",
      ...
    }
    ...
  ]
}

GET /item/6

Looks for an item with id 6 in the beets library and responds with its JSON representation. :

{
  "id": 6,
  "title": "A Song",
  ...
}

If there is no item with that id responds with a 404 status code.

DELETE /item/6

Removes the item with id 6 from the beets library. If the ?delete query string is included, the matching file will be deleted from disk.

Only allowed if readonly configuration option is set to no.

PATCH /item/6

Updates the item with id 6 and write the changes to the music file. The body should be a JSON object containing the changes to the object.

Returns the updated JSON representation. :

{
  "id": 6,
  "title": "A Song",
  ...
}

Only allowed if readonly configuration option is set to no.

GET /item/6,12,13

Response with a list of tracks with the ids 6, 12 and 13. The format of the response is the same as for GET /item/. It is not guaranteed that the response includes all the items requested. If a track is not found it is silently dropped from the response.

This endpoint also supports DELETE and PATCH methods as above, to operate on all items of the list.

GET /item/path/...

Look for an item at the given absolute path on the server. If it corresponds to a track, return the track in the same format as /item/*.

If the server runs UNIX, you'll need to include an extra leading slash: http://localhost:8337/item/path//Users/beets/Music/Foo/Bar/Baz.mp3

GET /item/query/querystring

Returns a list of tracks matching the query. The querystring must be a valid query as described in /reference/query{.interpreted-text role="doc"}. :

{
  "results": [
    { "id" : 6,  "title": "A Song" },
    { "id" : 12, "title": "Another Song" }
  ]
}

Path elements are joined as parts of a query. For example, /item/query/foo/bar will be converted to the query foo,bar. To specify literal path separators in a query, use a backslash instead of a slash.

This endpoint also supports DELETE and PATCH methods as above, to operate on all items returned by the query.

GET /item/6/file

Sends the media file for the track. If the item or its corresponding file do not exist a 404 status code is returned.

Albums

For albums, the following endpoints are provided:

  • GET /album/
  • GET /album/5
  • GET /album/5/art
  • DELETE /album/5
  • GET /album/5,7
  • DELETE /album/5,7
  • GET /album/query/querystring
  • DELETE /album/query/querystring

The interface and response format is similar to the item API, except replacing the encapsulation key "items" with "albums" when requesting /album/ or /album/5,7. In addition we can request the cover art of an album with GET /album/5/art. You can also add the '?expand' flag to get the individual items of an album.

DELETE is only allowed if readonly configuration option is set to no.

GET /stats

Responds with the number of tracks and albums in the database. :

{
  "items": 5,
  "albums": 3
}
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