Add ability to disable AIA retrieval in X509Chain

[bartonjs]

Fixes #37485.

[ghost]

Tagging subscribers to this area: @bartonjs, @vcsjones, @krwq
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[Dotnet-GitSync-Bot]

Note regarding the new-api-needs-documentation label:

This serves as a reminder for when your PR is modifying a ref *.cs file and adding/modifying public APIs, to please make sure the API implementation in the src *.cs file is documented with triple slash comments, so the PR reviewers can sign off that change.

[stephentoub]

All the double negatives hurt my head. Other than that, LGTM.

[bartonjs]

System.Collections.Concurrent.Tests on mono/Windows_NT took too long to run, looks like #37186.

[Long Running Test] 'System.Collections.Concurrent.Tests.ConcurrentQueueTests.GetEnumerator_Generic_ExpectedElementsYielded', Elapsed: 00:14:22
[Long Running Test] 'System.Collections.Concurrent.Tests.ConcurrentStackTests.PushRange_Concurrent_ConsecutiveItemsInEachRange', Elapsed: 00:14:20
[Long Running Test] 'System.Collections.Concurrent.Tests.BlockingCollectionTests.TestBugFix544259', Elapsed: 00:14:22