Additional fixes for array access panics in esp-ieee802154

[nand-nor]

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Submission Checklist 📝

• I have updated existing examples or added new ones (if applicable).
• I have used cargo xtask fmt-packages command to ensure that all changed code is formatted correctly.
• My changes were added to the CHANGELOG.md in the proper section.
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Pull Request Details 📖

Adds additional array access checks to avoid panics in various frame processing methods.

Description

Adds some additional checks as a follow on to #1862, to resolve various array-access related panics I have seen (although worth noting these are very rare). Similar to #1862 I view these as just band-aids, I still need to dig in to determine root cause. But adding these checks will help with fault tolerance / recoverability either way. Also fixes an off-by-one error introduced in fix from #1862

Testing

Have confirmed it builds and runs as expected using the esp-openthread crate's example binary, on both esp32-h2 and esp32-c6 targets. Currently running some longevity tests as these only seem to pop up after many days/weeks of continuous operation, so will follow up with any needed additions once longevity tests complete.

[bjoernQ]

Thanks

[JurajSadel]

LGTM, thanks!