Migrate to go1.22

[dusk125]

Migrate main to golang 1.22.

One task towards #17348

Ran some benchmarks between this branch and main locally as follows:

# Server
GOMAXPROCS=10 ./bin/etcd --quota-backend-bytes=17179869184 --listen-client-urls http://0.0.0.0:23790 --advertise-client-urls http://127.0.0.1:23790

# Benchmark
GOMAXPROCS=6 go run ./tools/benchmark put --conns=64 --clients=64 --key-size=256 --val-size=4096 --key-space-size=50000 --total=2000000 --endpoints "http://127.0.0.1:23790"

# make clean && make build between each run

	Run 1	Run 2	Run 3
main etcd Version: 3.6.0-alpha.0 Go Version: go1.21.6 Go OS/Arch: linux/amd64	Summary: Total: 631.2755 secs. Slowest: 0.1076 secs. Fastest: 0.0028 secs. Average: 0.0202 secs. Stddev: 0.0092 secs. Requests/sec: 3168.1889	Summary: Total: 679.5380 secs. Slowest: 0.1487 secs. Fastest: 0.0027 secs. Average: 0.0217 secs. Stddev: 0.0097 secs. Requests/sec: 2943.1761	Summary: Total: 669.9843 secs. Slowest: 0.1206 secs. Fastest: 0.0026 secs. Average: 0.0214 secs. Stddev: 0.0097 secs. Requests/sec: 2985.1447
this branch etcd Version: 3.6.0-alpha.0 Go Version: go1.22.0 Go OS/Arch: linux/amd64	Summary: Total: 651.7652 secs. Slowest: 0.1282 secs. Fastest: 0.0033 secs. Average: 0.0209 secs. Stddev: 0.0099 secs. Requests/sec: 3068.5899	Summary: Total: 647.3450 secs. Slowest: 0.1279 secs. Fastest: 0.0030 secs. Average: 0.0207 secs. Stddev: 0.0097 secs. Requests/sec: 3089.5426	Summary: Total: 699.5499 secs. Slowest: 0.1271 secs. Fastest: 0.0033 secs. Average: 0.0224 secs. Stddev: 0.0097 secs. Requests/sec: 2858.9813

[k8s-ci-robot]

Hi @dusk125. Thanks for your PR.

I'm waiting for a etcd-io member to verify that this patch is reasonable to test. If it is, they should reply with /ok-to-test on its own line. Until that is done, I will not automatically test new commits in this PR, but the usual testing commands by org members will still work. Regular contributors should join the org to skip this step.

Once the patch is verified, the new status will be reflected by the ok-to-test label.

I understand the commands that are listed here.

Instructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available here. If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the kubernetes/test-infra repository.

[ahrtr]

/ok-to-test

[ahrtr]

/test pull-etcd-unit-test

[ahrtr]

I see there are some issue against go 1.22, let's on-hold bumping 1.22 for a while.

• https://github.com/golang/go/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aopen+22+in%3Atitle
• also failed in bbolt on Windows

[ahrtr]

We need to bump google.golang.org/protobuf to 1.33.0 to resolve the CVE
https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf-go/releases/tag/v1.33.0

[ahrtr]

We have to merge this PR firstly, and let #17543 to take care of bumping google.golang.org/protobuf to 1.33.0