Rollup merge of rust-lang#121919 - Gankra:ptr_sub, r=scottmcm

feat(byte_sub_ptr): add ptr::byte_sub_ptr

This is an API that naturally should exist as a combination of byte_offset_from and sub_ptr both existing (they showed up at similar times so this union was never made). Adding these is a logical (and perhaps final) precondition of stabilizing ptr_sub_ptr (rust-lang#95892).

library/core/src/ptr/const_ptr.rs

@@ -882,6 +882,25 @@ impl<T: ?Sized> *const T {
         unsafe { intrinsics::ptr_offset_from_unsigned(self, origin) }
     }
 
+    /// Calculates the distance between two pointers, *where it's known that
+    /// `self` is equal to or greater than `origin`*. The returned value is in
+    /// units of **bytes**.
+    ///
+    /// This is purely a convenience for casting to a `u8` pointer and
+    /// using [`sub_ptr`][pointer::sub_ptr] on it. See that method for
+    /// documentation and safety requirements.
+    ///
+    /// For non-`Sized` pointees this operation considers only the data pointers,
+    /// ignoring the metadata.
+    #[unstable(feature = "ptr_sub_ptr", issue = "95892")]
+    #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_ptr_sub_ptr", issue = "95892")]
+    #[inline]
+    #[cfg_attr(miri, track_caller)] // even without panics, this helps for Miri backtraces
+    pub const unsafe fn byte_sub_ptr<U: ?Sized>(self, origin: *const U) -> usize {
+        // SAFETY: the caller must uphold the safety contract for `sub_ptr`.
+        unsafe { self.cast::<u8>().sub_ptr(origin.cast::<u8>()) }
+    }
+
     /// Returns whether two pointers are guaranteed to be equal.
     ///
     /// At runtime this function behaves like `Some(self == other)`.

library/core/src/ptr/mut_ptr.rs

@@ -1086,6 +1086,25 @@ impl<T: ?Sized> *mut T {
         unsafe { (self as *const T).sub_ptr(origin) }
     }
 
+    /// Calculates the distance between two pointers, *where it's known that
+    /// `self` is equal to or greater than `origin`*. The returned value is in
+    /// units of **bytes**.
+    ///
+    /// This is purely a convenience for casting to a `u8` pointer and
+    /// using [`sub_ptr`][pointer::sub_ptr] on it. See that method for
+    /// documentation and safety requirements.
+    ///
+    /// For non-`Sized` pointees this operation considers only the data pointers,
+    /// ignoring the metadata.
+    #[unstable(feature = "ptr_sub_ptr", issue = "95892")]
+    #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_ptr_sub_ptr", issue = "95892")]
+    #[inline]
+    #[cfg_attr(miri, track_caller)] // even without panics, this helps for Miri backtraces
+    pub const unsafe fn byte_sub_ptr<U: ?Sized>(self, origin: *mut U) -> usize {
+        // SAFETY: the caller must uphold the safety contract for `byte_sub_ptr`.
+        unsafe { (self as *const T).byte_sub_ptr(origin) }
+    }
+
     /// Calculates the offset from a pointer (convenience for `.offset(count as isize)`).
     ///
     /// `count` is in units of T; e.g., a `count` of 3 represents a pointer

library/core/src/ptr/non_null.rs

@@ -950,6 +950,25 @@ impl<T: ?Sized> NonNull<T> {
         unsafe { self.pointer.sub_ptr(subtracted.pointer) }
     }
 
+    /// Calculates the distance between two pointers, *where it's known that
+    /// `self` is equal to or greater than `origin`*. The returned value is in
+    /// units of **bytes**.
+    ///
+    /// This is purely a convenience for casting to a `u8` pointer and
+    /// using [`sub_ptr`][NonNull::sub_ptr] on it. See that method for
+    /// documentation and safety requirements.
+    ///
+    /// For non-`Sized` pointees this operation considers only the data pointers,
+    /// ignoring the metadata.
+    #[unstable(feature = "non_null_convenience", issue = "117691")]
+    #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "non_null_convenience", issue = "117691")]
+    #[inline(always)]
+    #[cfg_attr(miri, track_caller)] // even without panics, this helps for Miri backtraces
+    pub const unsafe fn byte_sub_ptr<U: ?Sized>(self, origin: NonNull<U>) -> usize {
+        // SAFETY: the caller must uphold the safety contract for `byte_sub_ptr`.
+        unsafe { self.pointer.byte_sub_ptr(origin.pointer) }
+    }
+
     /// Reads the value from `self` without moving it. This leaves the
     /// memory in `self` unchanged.
     ///