Use ints in std. ARC error recovery. Functions borrow params by defau…

…lt. Moving more opcodes to methods and inlines.

docs/hugo/content/docs/toc/control-flow.md

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ while iter.next() some entry:
     print entry.name
 ```
 
-`for` loops can iterate over a range that starts at a `float` (inclusive) to a target `float` (exclusive). When the range operator `..` is replaced with `..=`, the target number is inclusive. The range can be given a custom step.
+`for` loops can iterate over a range that starts at a `int` (inclusive) to a target `int` (exclusive). When the range operator `..` is replaced with `..=`, the target `int` is inclusive. The range can be given a custom step.
 ```cy
 for 0..100 each i:
     print i    -- 0, 1, 2, ... , 99

docs/hugo/content/docs/toc/data-types.md

@@ -20,45 +20,52 @@ When other value types are coerced to the boolean type, the truthy value is dete
 - Other objects and values are always `true`.
 
 ## Numbers.
-### Floats.
-`float` is the default number type and has an (IEEE 754) 64-bit floating point format.
 
-Although a `float` represents a decimal number, it can also represent integers between -(2{{<sup "53">}}-1) and (2{{<sup "53">}}-1). Any integers beyond the safe integer range is not guaranteed to have a unique representation.
+### Integers.
+`int` is the default integer type. It has 48-bits and can represent integers in the range -(2{{<sup "47">}}) to 2{{<sup "47">}}-1.
 
-When a numeric literal is used and the type can not be inferred, it will default to the `float` type:
+When a numeric literal is used and the type can not be inferred, it will default to the `int` type:
 ```cy
 var a = 123
 ```
 
-Decimal and scientific notations always produce a `float` value:
+Integer notations always produce a `int` value:
 ```cy
-var a = 2.34567
-var b = 123.0e4
+var a = 0xFF     -- hex.
+a = 0o17         -- octal.
+a = 0b1010       -- binary.
+a = 0u'🐶'       -- UTF-8 rune.
 ```
 
-Arbitrary values can be converted to a `float` using the type as a function. 
+Arbitrary values can be converted to a `int` using the type as a function. 
 ```cy
-var a = '12.3'
-var b = float(a) 
+var a = '123'
+var b = int(a) 
 ```
 
-### Integers.
-`int` is a number type that represents a 32-bit integer.
+In addition to arithmetic operations, integers can also perform [bitwise operations]({{<relref "/docs/toc/syntax#bitwise-operators">}}).
+
+### Floats.
+`float` is the default floating point type. It has a (IEEE 754) 64-bit floating point format.
+
+Although a `float` represents a decimal number, it can also represent integers between -(2{{<sup "53">}}-1) and (2{{<sup "53">}}-1). Any integers beyond the safe integer range is not guaranteed to have a unique representation.
 
-A numeric literal can be used to create an `int` if the inferred type is an `int`:
+A numeric literal can be used to create a `float` if the inferred type is a `float`:
 ```cy
-a int = 123
+a float = 123
 ```
 
-Integer notations always produce a `int` value:
+Decimal and scientific notations always produce a `float` value:
 ```cy
-var a = 0xFF     -- hex.
-a = 0o17         -- octal.
-a = 0b1010       -- binary.
-a = 0u'🐶'       -- UTF-8 rune.
+var a = 2.34567
+var b = 123.0e4
 ```
 
-In addition to arithmetic operations, integers can also perform [bitwise operations]({{<relref "/docs/toc/syntax#bitwise-operators">}}).
+Arbitrary values can be converted to a `float` using the type as a function. 
+```cy
+var a = '12.3'
+var b = float(a) 
+```
 
 ### Big Numbers.
 Big numbers will be supported in a future version of Cyber.
@@ -154,22 +161,22 @@ func concat(self, str string) string
 func endsWith(self, suffix string) bool
 -- Returns whether the string ends with `suffix`.
 
-func find(self, needle string) float?
+func find(self, needle string) int?
 -- Returns the first index of substring `needle` in the string or `none` if not found.
 
-func findAnyRune(self, set string) float?
+func findAnyRune(self, set string) int?
 -- Returns the first index of any UTF-8 rune in `set` or `none` if not found.
 
-func findRune(self, needle float) float?
+func findRune(self, needle int) int?
 -- Returns the first index of UTF-8 rune `needle` in the string or `none` if not found.
 
-func insert(self, idx float, str string) string
+func insert(self, idx int, str string) string
 -- Returns a new string with `str` inserted at index `idx`.
 
 func isAscii(self) bool
 -- Returns whether the string contains all ASCII runes.
 
-func len(self) float
+func len(self) int
 -- Returns the number of UTF-8 runes in the string.
 
 func less(self, str string) bool
@@ -181,16 +188,16 @@ func lower(self) string
 func replace(self, needle string, replacement string) string
 -- Returns a new string with all occurrences of `needle` replaced with `replacement`. | 
 
-func repeat(self, n float) string
+func repeat(self, n int) string
 -- Returns a new string with this string repeated `n` times.
 
-func runeAt(self, idx float) float
+func runeAt(self, idx int) int
 -- Returns the UTF-8 rune at index `idx`.
 
-func slice(self, start float, end float) string
+func slice(self, start int, end int) string
 -- Returns a slice into this string from `start` to `end` (exclusive) indexes. This is equivalent to using the slice index operator `[start..end]`.
 
-func sliceAt(self, idx float) string
+func sliceAt(self, idx int) string
 -- Returns the UTF-8 rune at index `idx` as a single rune string.
 
 func split(self, delim string) List
@@ -235,7 +242,7 @@ print str[-1]    -- "d"
 
 ### `type rawstring`
 ```cy
-func byteAt(self, idx float) float
+func byteAt(self, idx int) int
 -- Returns the byte value (0-255) at the given index `idx`.
 
 func concat(self, str string) string
@@ -244,25 +251,25 @@ func concat(self, str string) string
 func endsWith(self, suffix string) bool
 -- Returns whether the string ends with `suffix`.
 
-func find(self, needle string) float?
+func find(self, needle string) int?
 -- Returns the first index of substring `needle` in the string or `none` if not found.
 
-func findAnyRune(self, set string) float?
+func findAnyRune(self, set string) int?
 -- Returns the first index of any UTF-8 rune in `set` or `none` if not found.
 
-func findRune(self, needle float) float?
+func findRune(self, needle int) int?
 -- Returns the first index of UTF-8 rune `needle` in the string or `none` if not found.
 
-func insert(self, idx float, str string) string
+func insert(self, idx int, str string) string
 -- Returns a new string with `str` inserted at index `idx`.
 
-func insertByte(self, idx float, byte float) string
+func insertByte(self, idx int, byte int) string
 -- Returns a new string with `byte` inserted at index `idx`.
 
 func isAscii(self) bool
 -- Returns whether the string contains all ASCII runes.
 
-func len(self) float
+func len(self) int
 -- Returns the number of bytes in the string.
 
 func less(self, str rawstring) bool
@@ -271,19 +278,19 @@ func less(self, str rawstring) bool
 func lower(self) string
 -- Returns this string in lowercase.
 
-func repeat(self, n float) rawstring
+func repeat(self, n int) rawstring
 -- Returns a new rawstring with this rawstring repeated `n` times.
 
 func replace(self, needle string, replacement string) string
 -- Returns a new string with all occurrences of `needle` replaced with `replacement`.
 
-func runeAt(self, idx float) float
+func runeAt(self, idx int) int
 -- Returns the UTF-8 rune at index `idx`. If the index does not begin a UTF-8 rune, `error.InvalidRune` is returned.
 
-func slice(self, start float, end float) rawstring
+func slice(self, start int, end int) rawstring
 -- Returns a slice into this string from `start` to `end` (exclusive) indexes. This is equivalent to using the slice index operator `[start..end]`.
 
-func sliceAt(self, idx float) string
+func sliceAt(self, idx int) string
 -- Returns the UTF-8 rune at index `idx` as a single rune string. If the index does not begin a UTF-8 rune, `error.InvalidRune` is returned.
 
 func split(self, delim string) List
@@ -354,13 +361,13 @@ list.remove(1)
 | ------------- | ----- |
 | `append(val any) none` | Appends a value to the end of the list. |
 | `concat(val any) none` | Concats the elements of another list to the end of this list. |
-| `insert(idx float, val any) none` | Inserts a value at index `idx`. |
+| `insert(idx int, val any) none` | Inserts a value at index `idx`. |
 | `iterator() Iterator<any>` | Returns a new iterator over the list elements. |
 | `joinString(separator any) string` | Returns a new string that joins the elements with `separator`. |
-| `len() float` | Returns the number of elements in the list. |
-| `pairIterator() PairIterator<float, any>` | Returns a new pair iterator over the list elements. |
-| `remove(idx float) none` | Removes an element at index `idx`. |
-| `resize(len float) none` | Resizes the list to `len` elements. If the new size is bigger, `none` values are appended to the list. If the new size is smaller, elements at the end of the list are removed. |
+| `len() int` | Returns the number of elements in the list. |
+| `pairIterator() PairIterator<int, any>` | Returns a new pair iterator over the list elements. |
+| `remove(idx int) none` | Removes an element at index `idx`. |
+| `resize(len int) none` | Resizes the list to `len` elements. If the new size is bigger, `none` values are appended to the list. If the new size is smaller, elements at the end of the list are removed. |
 | `sort(less func (a, b) bool) none` | Sorts the list with the given `less` function. If element `a` should be ordered before `b`, the function should return `true` otherwise `false`. |
 
 ## Maps.
@@ -418,9 +425,9 @@ for map each val, key:
 | Method | Summary |
 | ------------- | ----- |
 | `iterator() Iterator<any>` | Returns a new iterator over the map elements. |
-| `pairIterator() PairIterator<float, any>` | Returns a new pair iterator over the map elements. |
+| `pairIterator() PairIterator<any, any>` | Returns a new pair iterator over the map elements. |
 | `remove(key any) none` | Removes the element with the given key `key`. |
-| `size() float` | Returns the number of key-value pairs in the map. |
+| `size() int` | Returns the number of key-value pairs in the map. |
 
 ## Objects.
 Any value that isn't a primitive is an object. You can declare your own object types using the `type object` declaration. Object types are similar to structs and classes in other languages. You can declare members and methods. Unlike classes, there is no concept of inheritance at the language level.
@@ -475,7 +482,7 @@ type Fruit enum:
 
 var fruit = Fruit.kiwi
 print fruit       -- 'Fruit.kiwi'
-print float(fruit)  -- '3'
+print int(fruit)  -- '3'
 ```
 When the type of the value is known to be an enum, it can be assigned using a symbol literal.
 ```cy
@@ -489,5 +496,5 @@ Symbol literals begin with `#`, followed by an identifier. They have their own g
 ```cy
 var currency = #usd
 print(currency == #usd)   -- 'true'
-print float(currency)       -- '123' or some arbitrary id.
+print int(currency)       -- '123' or some arbitrary id.
 ```

docs/hugo/content/docs/toc/ffi.md

@@ -112,4 +112,4 @@ print ptr.value()     --'3735928559'
 ### `type pointer`
 | Method | Summary |
 | ------------- | ----- |
-| `value() float` | Returns the memory address as a `float`. |
+| `value() int` | Returns the memory address as an `int`. The value may be negative since it's bitcasted from an unsigned 48-bit integer but it retains the original pointer bits. |

docs/hugo/content/docs/toc/metaprogramming.md

@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ print boolean       -- 'type: boolean'
 
 ### `type metatype`
 ```cy
-func id(self) float
--- Returns the type ID as a float.
+func id(self) int
+-- Returns the type ID as an `int`.
 ```
 
 ## Annotations.

docs/hugo/content/docs/toc/modules.md

@@ -97,25 +97,25 @@ print contents
 
 | Function | Summary |
 | ------------- | ----- |
-| `arrayFill(val any, n float) List` | Creates a list with initial capacity of `n` and values set to `val`. If the value is an object, it is shallow copied `n` times. | 
+| `arrayFill(val any, n int) List` | Creates a list with initial capacity of `n` and values set to `val`. If the value is an object, it is shallow copied `n` times. | 
 | `boolean(val any) boolean` | Converts a value to either `true` or `false`. | 
 | `cacheUrl(url string) string` | Returns the path of a locally cached file of `url`. If no such file exists locally, it's fetched from `url`. |
 | `copy(val any) any` | Copies a primitive value or creates a shallow copy of an object value. | 
 | `error(e (enum \| symbol)) error` | Create an error from an enum or symbol. | 
 | `execCmd(args []string) Map{ out, err, exited }` | Runs a shell command and returns the stdout/stderr. | 
-| `exit(status float) noreturn` | Exits the program with a status code. | 
+| `exit(status int) noreturn` | Exits the program with a status code. | 
 | `evalJS(val string) none` | Evals JS from the host environment. This is only available in a web WASM build of Cyber. | 
 | `fetchUrl(url string) rawstring` | Fetches the contents at `url` using the HTTP GET request method. | 
 | `getInput() rawstring` | Reads stdin until a new line is reached. This is intended to read user input from the command line. For bulk reads from stdin, use `os.stdin`. | 
 | `int(val any) int` | Converts a value to an 32-bit integer. | 
-| `isAlpha(val float) boolean` | Returns whether a rune is an alphabetic letter. | 
-| `isDigit(val float) boolean` | Returns whether a rune is a digit. | 
+| `isAlpha(val int) boolean` | Returns whether a rune is an alphabetic letter. | 
+| `isDigit(val int) boolean` | Returns whether a rune is a digit. | 
 | `must(val any) any \| noreturn` | If `val` is an error, `panic(val)` is invoked. Otherwise, `val` is returned. | 
 | `float(val any) float` | Casts or converts the value to a `float`. Panics if type conversion fails. | 
 | `panic(e symbol) noreturn` | Stop execution in the current fiber and starts unwinding the call stack. See [Unexpected Errors]({{<relref "/docs/toc/errors#unexpected-errors">}}). |
 | `parseCyber(src any) map` | Parses Cyber source string into structured map object. Currently, only metadata about static declarations is made available but this will be extended to include an AST. | 
 | `parseCyon(src any) any` | Parses a CYON string into a value. | 
-| `pointer(val any) pointer` | Converts a `float` to a `pointer` value, or casts to a `pointer`. This is usually used with FFI. | 
+| `pointer(val any) pointer` | Converts a `int` to a `pointer` value, or casts to a `pointer`. This is usually used with FFI. | 
 | `print(s string) none` | Prints a value as a string to stdout. The new line is also printed. | 
 | `prints(s string) none` | Prints a value as a string to stdout. | 
 | `rawstring(str string) rawstring` | Converts a string to a `rawstring`. | 
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ for map each k, v:
 | `fromCstr(pointer) rawstring` | Returns a `rawstring` from a null terminated C string. |
 | `getEnv(key any) string \| none` | Returns an environment value by key. |
 | `getEnvAll() Map` | Returns all environment entries as a `Map`. |
-| `malloc(size float) pointer` | Allocates `size` bytes of memory and returns a pointer. |
+| `malloc(size int) pointer` | Allocates `size` bytes of memory and returns a pointer. |
 | `milliTime() float` | Return the calendar timestamp, in milliseconds, relative to UTC 1970-01-01. |
 | `openDir(path any) Dir \| error` | Invokes `openDir(path, false)`. |
 | `openDir(path any, iterable boolean) Dir \| error` | Opens a directory at the given `path`. `iterable` indicates that the directory's entries can be iterated. |

src/api.zig

@@ -347,12 +347,18 @@ pub const UserVM = struct {
         vm.framePtr = vm.stack.ptr + framePtr;
 
         self.retain(func);
-        defer self.release(func);
         vm.framePtr[4 + args.len] = func;
         for (args, 0..) |arg, i| {
             self.retain(arg);
             vm.framePtr[4 + i] = arg;
         }
+        defer {
+            self.release(func);
+            for (args) |arg| {
+                self.release(arg);
+            }
+        }
+
         const retInfo = cy.vm.buildReturnInfo(1, false, 0);
         try cy.vm.callNoInline(vm, &vm.pc, &vm.framePtr, func, 0, @intCast(args.len), retInfo);
         try @call(.never_inline, cy.vm.evalLoopGrowStack, .{vm});

src/arc.zig

@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ pub fn release(vm: *cy.VM, val: cy.Value) linksection(cy.HotSection) void {
     }
     if (val.isPointer()) {
         const obj = val.asHeapObject();
+        log.tracev("release obj: {}, rc={}", .{val.getUserTag(), obj.head.rc});
         if (cy.Trace) {
             checkDoubleFree(vm, obj);
         }
         obj.head.rc -= 1;
-        log.tracev("release {} rc={}", .{val.getUserTag(), obj.head.rc});
         if (cy.TrackGlobalRC) {
             if (cy.Trace) {
                 if (vm.refCounts == 0) {
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ pub fn release(vm: *cy.VM, val: cy.Value) linksection(cy.HotSection) void {
         if (obj.head.rc == 0) {
             @call(.never_inline, cy.heap.freeObject, .{vm, obj});
         }
+    } else {
+        log.tracev("release: {}, nop", .{val.getUserTag()});
     }
 }
 
@@ -83,18 +85,13 @@ pub fn releaseObject(vm: *cy.VM, obj: *cy.HeapObject) linksection(cy.HotSection)
     }
 }
 
-pub fn runTempReleaseOps(vm: *cy.VM, stack: []const cy.Value, framePtr: usize, startPc: usize) void {
-    if (vm.ops[startPc].opcode() == .release) {
-        var pc = startPc;
-        while (true) {
-            const local = vm.ops[pc+1].val;
-            // stack[framePtr + local].dump();
-            release(vm, stack[framePtr + local]);
-            pc += 2;
-            if (vm.ops[pc].opcode() != .release) {
-                break;
-            }
-        }
+pub fn runTempReleaseOps(vm: *cy.VM, fp: [*]const cy.Value, tempIdx: u32) void {
+    log.tracev("unwind release temps", .{});
+    var curIdx = tempIdx;
+    while (curIdx != cy.NullId) {
+        log.tracev("unwind release: {}", .{vm.unwindTempRegs[curIdx]});
+        release(vm, fp[vm.unwindTempRegs[curIdx]]);
+        curIdx = vm.unwindTempPrevIndexes[curIdx];
     }
 }