This repository contains a detailed tutorial and code examples for deploying a web server on AWS EC2 using Terraform. Steps include configuring Terraform settings and providers blocks, creating a resource block for the EC2 server, and installing an Apache web server with userdata. It also demonstrates accessing the deployed application.
Steps include:
- Configuring Terraform settings and providers.
- Creating an EC2 server with a userdata file for web server installation and configuration.
- Accessing the deployed web application through specific URLs.
Additionally, instructions are provided for cleaning up created resources, and upcoming concepts are mentioned such as creating multiple EC2 instances, parameterization with input variables, extracting instance information, and more.
This repository is ideal for those looking to learn how to use Terraform for cloud infrastructure management and deploying web applications on AWS EC2 in an automated and reproducible manner.
- Terraform Settings
- Terraform Providers
- Terraform Resources
- Terraform File Function
- Create EC2 Instance using Terraform and provision a webserver with userdata.
- Understand about Terraform Settings Block and create it
terraform {
required_version = "~> 0.14" # which means any version equal & above 0.14 like 0.15, 0.16 etc and < 1.xx
required_providers {
aws = {
source = "hashicorp/aws"
version = "~> 3.0"
}
}
}- Understand about Terraform Providers
- Configure AWS Credentials in the AWS CLI if not configured
# Verify AWS Credentials
cat $HOME/.aws/credentials- Create AWS Providers Block
# Provider Block
provider "aws" {
region = us-east-1
profile = "default"
}- Understand about Resources
- Create EC2 Instance Resource
- Understand about File Function
- Understand about Resources - Argument Reference
- Understand about Resources - Attribute Reference
# Resource: EC2 Instance
resource "aws_instance" "myec2vm" {
ami = "ami-0533f2ba8a1995cf9"
instance_type = "t3.micro"
user_data = file("${path.module}/app1-install.sh")
tags = {
"Name" = "EC2 Demo"
}
}#! /bin/bash
# Instance Identity Metadata Reference - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/instance-identity-documents.html
sudo yum update -y
sudo yum install -y httpd
sudo systemctl enable httpd
sudo service httpd start
sudo echo '<h1>Welcome to gdlopezcastillo - APP-1</h1>' | sudo tee /var/www/html/index.html
sudo mkdir /var/www/html/app1
sudo echo '<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <body style="background-color:rgb(250, 210, 210);"> <h1>Welcome to gdlopezcastillo - APP-1</h1> <p>Terraform Demo</p> <p>Application Version: V1</p> </body></html>' | sudo tee /var/www/html/app1/index.html
sudo curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/dynamic/instance-identity/document -o /var/www/html/app1/metadata.html# Terraform Initialize
terraform init
Observation:
1) Initialized Local Backend
2) Downloaded the provider plugins (initialized plugins)
3) Review the folder structure ".terraform folder"
# Terraform Validate
terraform validate
Observation:
1) If any changes to files, those will come as printed in stdout (those file names will be printed in CLI)
# Terraform Plan
terraform plan
Observation:
1) No changes - Just prints the execution plan
# Terraform Apply
terraform apply
[or]
terraform apply -auto-approve
Observations:
1) Create resources on cloud
2) Created terraform.tfstate file when you run the terraform apply command- Important Note: verify if default VPC security group has a rule to allow port 80
# Access index.html
http://<PUBLIC-IP>/index.html
http://<PUBLIC-IP>/app1/index.html
# Access metadata.html
http://<PUBLIC-IP>/app1/metadata.html- Understand about Terraform State
- Terraform State file
terraform.tfstate - Understand about
Desired StateandCurrent State
# Terraform Destroy
terraform plan -destroy # You can view destroy plan using this command
terraform destroy
# Clean-Up Files
rm -rf .terraform*
rm -rf terraform.tfstate*- EC2 Instance created we didn't associate a EC2 Key pair to login to EC2 Instance
- Terraform Resource Argument -
Key Name
- Terraform Resource Argument -
- AMI Name is static - How to make it Dynamic ?
- Use
Terraform Datasourcesconcept
- Use
- We didn't create multiple instances of same EC2 Instance
- Resource Meta-Argument:
count
- Resource Meta-Argument:
- We didn't add any variables for parameterizations
- Terraform
Input VariableBasics
- Terraform
- We didn't extract any information on terminal about instance information
- Terraform
Outputs
- Terraform
- Create second resource only after first resource is created
- Defining Explicit Dependency in Terraform using Resource Meta-Argument
depends_on
- Defining Explicit Dependency in Terraform using Resource Meta-Argument
- WE ARE GOING TO LEARN ALL THE ABOVE CONCEPTS IN NEXT SECTION