Move environment configuration to its own class

[b-butler]

Description

Adds three classes

• _PartitionConfig: an environment's partition configuration
• _Partition: a specific partition's data
• _NodeTypes: what kind of nodes a partition supports
  • SHARED: 1 or fewer nodes
  • MIXED: any number of nodes/processes
  • WHOLENODE: submit in whole nodes only

Motivation and Context

With recent changes to flow's template/submission logic (see #722), the environment classes were becoming loaded with class variables. This makes a logical change to storing the partition specific information in appropriate classes. This also removes some methods from the environments in favor of putting them in the partition classes.

Checklist:

• I am familiar with the Contributing Guidelines.
• I agree with the terms of the Contributor Agreement.
• My name is on the list of contributors.
• The changes introduced by this pull request are covered by existing or newly introduced tests.
• The package documentation and framework documentation in signac-docs are up to date with these changes.
• I have updated the changelog and added any related issue and pull request numbers for future reference.

[b-butler]

Tested appropriate errors for GPU/non-GPU and node requests on Bridges2.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Comparison is base (f69aeb5) 69.41% compared to head (301ee3b) 69.54%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #784      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   69.41%   69.54%   +0.13%     
==========================================
  Files          48       48              
  Lines        4407     4417      +10     
  Branches     1065     1069       +4     
==========================================
+ Hits         3059     3072      +13     
+ Misses       1140     1138       -2     
+ Partials      208      207       -1     

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[b-butler]

@cbkerr when you have a moment could you review?

[b-butler]

@cbkerr will you have time to review or should I assign someone else?

[cbkerr]

@b-butler Thanks for the ping. I can get to this during the next few days.

[cbkerr]

Concerning documentation:

Are there any user-facing changes to the template and environment documentation we would need to add?

What are the risks of default values changing and messing up inherited values?

[b-butler]

@cbkerr Nope, this is purely a developer facing thing currently.
And the way the model works is that the defaults are inherited as class members from _ComputeEnvironment but you can't partially inherit meaning you must explicitly set the full specification for every new class.