[CI] [macOS] Build for both arm64 and x86_64

[AThousandShips]

Creates a universal build, to catch discrepancies on different architectures

Follow-up to:

• [CI] [macOS] Fix CI with new GitHub runners #91074

See #91074 (comment)

The build times will naturally increase on large changes, but ensuring general code compliance should be worth it, using a universal build to make testing easier without having to wrangle CI commands to test which version to use

Switched back to using the latest image, can switch back to using any specific image to perhaps ensure stability, unsure if mixing images slows down CI due to needing a different runner available

[AThousandShips]

If we experience issues with the macos-latest we can revert it back to some other version, or force it to the latest, my own repo uses the macos-14-arm64 runner and ran safely so should work either way, using a fixed version would give stability but unless required I'll leave it for now and see if something is needed down the line

[akien-mga]

Thanks!

[AThousandShips]

Thank you!

[akien-mga]

Cherry-picked for 4.2.3.
Cherry-picked for 4.1.5.
Cherry-picked for 4.0.5.