MySQL Cookbook

The Mysql Cookbook is a library cookbook that provides resource primitives (LWRPs) for use in recipes. It is designed to be a reference example for creating highly reusable cross-platform cookbooks.

Scope

This cookbook is concerned with the "MySQL Community Server", particularly those shipped with F/OSS Unix and Linux distributions. It does not address forks or value-added repackaged MySQL distributions like Drizzle, MariaDB, or Percona.

Requirements

• Chef 11 or higher
• Ruby 1.9 or higher (preferably from the Chef full-stack installer)
• Network accessible package repositories
• 'recipe[selinux::disabled]' on RHEL platforms

Platform Support

The following platforms have been tested with Test Kitchen:

|----------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|
|                | 5.0 | 5.1 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.7 |
|----------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|
| debian-7       |     |     | X   |     |     |
|----------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|
| ubuntu-10.04   |     | X   |     |     |     |
|----------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|
| ubuntu-12.04   |     |     | X   |     |     |
|----------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|
| ubuntu-14.04   |     |     | X   | X   |     |
|----------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|
| ubuntu-15.04   |     |     |     | X   |     |
|----------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|
| centos-5       |   X | X   | X   | X   | X   |
|----------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|
| centos-6       |     | X   | X   | X   | X   |
|----------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|
| centos-7       |     |     | X   | X   | X   |
|----------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|
| amazon         |     |     | X   | X   | X   |
|----------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|
| fedora-20      |     |     | X   | X   | X   |
|----------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|
| suse-11.3      |     |     | X   |     |     |
|----------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|
| omnios-151006  |     |     | X   | X   |     |
|----------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|
| smartos-14.3.0 |     |     | X   | X   |     |
|----------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----|

Cookbook Dependencies

• yum-mysql-community
• smf

Usage

Place a dependency on the mysql cookbook in your cookbook's metadata.rb

depends 'mysql', '~> 6.0'

Then, in a recipe:

mysql_service 'foo' do
  port '3306'
  version '5.5'
  initial_root_password 'change me'
  action [:create, :start]
end

The service name on the OS is mysql-foo. You can manually start and stop it with service mysql-foo start and service mysql-foo stop.

The configuration file is at /etc/mysql-foo/my.cnf. It contains the minimum options to get the service running. It looks like this.

# Chef generated my.cnf for instance mysql-foo

[client]
default-character-set          = utf8
port                           = 3306
socket                         = /var/run/mysql-foo/mysqld.sock

[mysql]
default-character-set          = utf8

[mysqld]
user                           = mysql
pid-file                       = /var/run/mysql-foo/mysqld.pid
socket                         = /var/run/mysql-foo/mysqld.sock
port                           = 3306
datadir                        = /var/lib/mysql-foo
tmpdir                         = /tmp
log-error                      = /var/log/mysql-foo/error.log
!includedir /etc/mysql-foo/conf.d

[mysqld_safe]
socket                         = /var/run/mysql-foo/mysqld.sock

You can put extra configuration into the conf.d directory by using the mysql_config resource, like this:

mysql_service 'foo' do
  port '3306'
  version '5.5'
  initial_root_password 'change me'
  action [:create, :start]
end

mysql_config 'foo' do
  source 'my_extra_settings.erb'
  notifies :restart, 'mysql_service[foo]'
  action :create
end

You are responsible for providing my_extra_settings.erb in your own cookbook's templates folder.

Connecting with the mysql CLI command

Logging into the machine and typing mysql with no extra arguments will fail. You need to explicitly connect over the socket with mysql -S /var/run/mysql-foo/mysqld.sock, or over the network with mysql -h 127.0.0.1

Upgrading from older version of the mysql cookbook

• It is strongly recommended that you rebuild the machine from scratch. This is easy if you have your data_dir on a dedicated mount point. If you must upgrade in-place, follow the instructions below.

• The 6.x series supports multiple service instances on a single machine. It dynamically names the support directories and service names. /etc/mysql becomes /etc/mysql-instance_name. Other support directories in /var /run etc work the same way. Make sure to specify the data_dir property on the mysql_service resource to point to the old /var/lib/mysql directory.

Resources Overview

mysql_service

The mysql_service resource manages the basic plumbing needed to get a MySQL server instance running with minimal configuration.

The :create action handles package installation, support directories, socket files, and other operating system level concerns. The internal configuration file contains just enough to get the service up and running, then loads extra configuration from a conf.d directory. Further configurations are managed with the mysql_config resource.

• If the data_dir is empty, a database will be initialized, and a root user will be set up with initial_root_password. If this directory already contains database files, no action will be taken.

The :start action starts the service on the machine using the appropriate provider for the platform. The :start action should be omitted when used in recipes designed to build containers.

Example

mysql_service 'default' do
  version '5.7'
  bind_address '0.0.0.0'
  port '3306'  
  data_dir '/data'
  initial_root_password 'Ch4ng3me'
  action [:create, :start]
end

Please note that when using notifies or subscribes, the resource to reference is mysql_service[name], not service[mysql].

Parameters

• charset - specifies the default character set. Defaults to utf8.

• data_dir - determines where the actual data files are kept on the machine. This is useful when mounting external storage. When omitted, it will default to the platform's native location.

• error_log - Tunable location of the error_log

• initial_root_password - allows the user to specify the initial root password for mysql when initializing new databases. This can be set explicitly in a recipe, driven from a node attribute, or from data_bags. When omitted, it defaults to ilikerandompasswords. Please be sure to change it.

• instance - A string to identify the MySQL service. By convention, to allow for multiple instances of the mysql_service, directories and files on disk are named mysql-<instance_name>. Defaults to the resource name.

• package_action - Defaults to :install.

• package_name - Defaults to a value looked up in an internal map.

• package_version - Specific version of the package to install, passed onto the underlying package manager. Defaults to nil.

• bind_address - determines the listen IP address for the mysqld service. When omitted, it will be determined by MySQL. If the address is "regular" IPv4/IPv6 address (e.g 127.0.0.1 or ::1), the server accepts TCP/IP connections only for that particular address. If the address is "0.0.0.0" (IPv4) or "::" (IPv6), the server accepts TCP/IP connections on all IPv4 or IPv6 interfaces.

• mysqld_options - A key value hash of options to be rendered into the main my.cnf. WARNING - It is highly recommended that you use the mysql_config resource instead of sending extra config into a mysql_service resource. This will allow you to set up notifications and subscriptions between the service and its configuration. That being said, this can be useful for adding extra options needed for database initialization at first run.

• port - determines the listen port for the mysqld service. When omitted, it will default to '3306'.

• run_group - The name of the system group the mysql_service should run as. Defaults to 'mysql'.

• run_user - The name of the system user the mysql_service should run as. Defaults to 'mysql'.

• pid_file - Tunable location of the pid file.

• socket - determines where to write the socket file for the mysql_service instance. Useful when configuring clients on the same machine to talk over socket and skip the networking stack. Defaults to a calculated value based on platform and instance name.

• tmp_dir - Tunable location of the tmp_dir

• version - allows the user to select from the versions available for the platform, where applicable. When omitted, it will install the default MySQL version for the target platform. Available version numbers are 5.0, 5.1, 5.5, 5.6, and 5.7, depending on platform.

Actions

• :create - Configures everything but the underlying operating system service.
• :delete - Removes everything but the package and data_dir.
• :start - Starts the underlying operating system service
• :stop- Stops the underlying operating system service
• :restart - Restarts the underlying operating system service
• :reload - Reloads the underlying operating system service

Providers

Chef selects the appropriate provider based on platform and version, but you can specify one if your platform support it.

mysql_service[instance-1] do
  port '1234'
  data_dir '/mnt/lottadisk'
  provider Chef::Provider::MysqlServiceSysvinit
  action [:create, :start]
end

• Chef::Provider::MysqlServiceBase - Configures everything needed t run a MySQL service except the platform service facility. This provider should never be used directly. The :start, :stop, :restart, and :reload actions are stubs meant to be overridden by the providers below.

• Chef::Provider::MysqlServiceSmf - Starts a mysql_service using the Service Management Facility, used by Solaris and IllumOS. Manages the FMRI and method script.

• Chef::Provider::MysqlServiceSystemd - Starts a mysql_service using SystemD. Manages the unit file and activation state

• Chef::Provider::MysqlServiceSysvinit - Starts a mysql_service using SysVinit. Manages the init script and status.

• Chef::Provider::MysqlServiceUpstart - Starts a mysql_service using Upstart. Manages job definitions and status.

mysql_config

The mysql_config resource is a wrapper around the core Chef template resource. Instead of a path parameter, it uses the instance parameter to calculate the path on the filesystem where file is rendered.

Example

mysql_config[default] do
  source 'site.cnf.erb'
  action :create
end

Parameters

• config_name - The base name of the configuration file to be rendered into the conf.d directory on disk. Defaults to the resource name.

• cookbook - The name of the cookbook to look for the template source. Defaults to nil

• group - System group for file ownership. Defaults to 'mysql'.

• instance - Name of the mysql_service instance the config is meant for. Defaults to 'default'.

• owner - System user for file ownership. Defaults to 'mysql'.

• source - Template in cookbook to be rendered.

• variables - Variables to be passed to the underlying template resource.

• version - Version of the mysql_service instance the config is meant for. Used to calculate path. Only necessary when using packages with unique configuration paths, such as RHEL Software Collections or OmniOS. Defaults to 'nil'

Actions

• :create - Renders the template to disk at a path calculated using the instance parameter.

• :delete - Deletes the file from the conf.d directory calculated using the instance parameter.

More Examples

mysql_service 'instance-1' do
  action [:create, :start]
end

mysql_service 'instance-2' do
  action [:create, :start]
end

mysql_config 'logging' do
  instance 'instance-1'
  source 'logging.cnf.erb'
  action :create
  notifies :restart, 'mysql_service[instance-1]'
end

mysql_config 'security settings for instance-2' do
  config_name 'security'
  instance 'instance-2'
  source 'security_stuff.cnf.erb'
  variables(:foo => 'bar')
  action :create
  notifies :restart, 'mysql_service[instance-2]'
end

mysql_client

The mysql_client resource manages the MySQL client binaries and development libraries.

It is an example of a "singleton" resource. Declaring two mysql_client resources on a machine usually won't yield two separate copies of the client binaries, except for platforms that support multiple versions (RHEL SCL, OmniOS).

Example

mysql_client 'default' do
  action :create
end

Parameters

• package_name - An array of packages to be installed. Defaults to a value looked up in an internal map.

• package_version - Specific versions of the package to install, passed onto the underlying package manager. Defaults to nil.

• version - Major MySQL version number of client packages. Only valid on for platforms that support multiple versions, such as RHEL via Software Collections and OmniOS.

Actions

• :create - Installs the client software
• :delete - Removes the client software

Advanced Usage Examples

There are a number of configuration scenarios supported by the use of resource primitives in recipes. For example, you might want to run multiple MySQL services, as different users, and mount block devices that contain pre-existing databases.

Multiple Instances as Different Users

# instance-1
user 'alice' do
  action :create
end

directory '/mnt/data/mysql/instance-1' do
  owner 'alice'
  action :create
end

mount '/mnt/data/mysql/instance-1' do
  device '/dev/sdb1'
  fstype 'ext4'
  action [:mount, :enable]
end

mysql_service 'instance-1' do
  port '3307'
  run_user 'alice'
  data_dir '/mnt/data/mysql/instance-1'
  action [:create, :start]
end

mysql_config 'site config for instance-1' do
  instance 'instance-1'
  source 'instance-1.cnf.erb'
  notifies :restart, 'mysql_service[instance-1]'
end

# instance-2
user 'bob' do
  action :create
end

directory '/mnt/data/mysql/instance-2' do
  owner 'bob'
  action :create
end

mount '/mnt/data/mysql/instance-2' do
  device '/dev/sdc1'
  fstype 'ext3'
  action [:mount, :enable]
end

mysql_service 'instance-2' do
  port '3308'
  run_user 'bob'
  data_dir '/mnt/data/mysql/instance-2'
  action [:create, :start]
end

mysql_config 'site config for instance-2' do
  instance 'instance-2'
  source 'instance-2.cnf.erb'
  notifies :restart, 'mysql_service[instance-2]'
end

Replication Testing

Use multiple mysql_service instances to test a replication setup. This particular example serves as a smoke test in Test Kitchen because it exercises different resources and requires service restarts.

https://github.com/chef-cookbooks/mysql/blob/master/test/fixtures/cookbooks/mysql_replication_test/recipes/default.rb

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I run this behind my firewall?

On Linux, the mysql_service resource uses the platform's underlying package manager to install software. For this to work behind firewalls, you'll need to either:

• Configure the system yum/apt utilities to use a proxy server that can reach the Internet
• Host a package repository on a network that the machine can talk to

On the RHEL platform_family, applying the yum::default recipe will allow you to drive the yum_globalconfig resource with attributes to change the global yum proxy settings.

If hosting repository mirrors, applying one of the following recipes and adjust the settings with node attributes.

• recipe[yum-centos::default] from the Supermarket https://supermarket.chef.io/cookbooks/yum-centos https://github.com/chef-cookbooks/yum-centos

• recipe[yum-mysql-community::default] from the Supermarket https://supermarket.chef.io/cookbooks/yum-mysql-community https://github.com/chef-cookbooks/yum-mysql-community

The mysql command line doesn't work

If you log into the machine and type mysql, you may see an error like this one:

Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock'

This is because MySQL is hardcoded to read the defined default my.cnf file, typically at /etc/my.cnf, and this LWRP deletes it to prevent overlap among multiple MySQL configurations.

To connect to the socket from the command line, check the socket in the relevant my.cnf file and use something like this:

mysql -S /var/run/mysql-foo/mysqld.sock -Pwhatever

Or to connect over the network, use something like this: connect over the network..

mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -Pwhatever

These network or socket ssettings can also be put in you $HOME/.my.cnf, if preferred.

What about MariaDB, Percona, Drizzle, WebScaleSQL, etc.

MySQL forks are purposefully out of scope for this cookbook. This is mostly to reduce the testing matrix to a manageable size. Cookbooks for these technologies can easily be created by copying and adapting this cookbook. However, there will be differences.

Package repository locations, package version names, software major version numbers, supported platform matrices, and the availability of software such as XtraDB and Galera are the main reasons that creating multiple cookbooks to make sense.

Warnings

Hacking / Testing / TODO

Please refer to the HACKING.md

License & Authors

• Author:: Joshua Timberman (joshua@chef.io)
• Author:: AJ Christensen (aj@chef.io)
• Author:: Seth Chisamore (schisamo@chef.io)
• Author:: Brian Bianco (brian.bianco@gmail.com)
• Author:: Jesse Howarth (him@jessehowarth.com)
• Author:: Andrew Crump (andrew@kotirisoftware.com)
• Author:: Christoph Hartmann (chris@lollyrock.com)
• Author:: Sean OMeara (sean@chef.io)

Copyright:: 2009-2014 Chef Software, Inc

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.