chore: Bump docker builder base image to golang:1.22-alpine (kyma-p…

…roject#160)

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**Description**

Changes proposed in this pull request:

- Bump docker builder base image to `golang:1.22-alpine`

**Related issue(s)**
<!-- If you refer to a particular issue, provide its number. For
example, `Resolves kyma-project#123`, `Fixes kyma-project#43`, or `See also kyma-project#33`. -->

- kyma-project/runtime-watcher#203
- kyma-project/runtime-watcher#202

**Performed Local Tests**

- `make docker-build` ✅ 
- `make kustomize` ✅ 
- `make build-manifests` ✅ 
- `kyma alpha create module -p ./ --version 1.2.3 --registry
k3d-registry.localhost:5111 --insecure --module-config-file
./module-config.yaml --module-archive-version-overwrite` ✅
- with template-operator applied to kcp:
- enabled template-operator module in SKR; kyma transitioning to ready
state ✅
- disabled template-operator module in SKR; kyma transitioning to ready
state ✅

Dockerfile

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # Build the manager binary
-FROM golang:1.21 as builder
+FROM golang:1.22-alpine as builder
 ARG TARGETOS
 ARG TARGETARCH