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Null block device driver | ||
================================================================================ | ||
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I. Overview | ||
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The null block device (/dev/nullb*) is used for benchmarking the various | ||
block-layer implementations. It emulates a block device of X gigabytes in size. | ||
The following instances are possible: | ||
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Single-queue block-layer | ||
- Request-based. | ||
- Single submission queue per device. | ||
- Implements IO scheduling algorithms (CFQ, Deadline, noop). | ||
Multi-queue block-layer | ||
- Request-based. | ||
- Configurable submission queues per device. | ||
No block-layer (Known as bio-based) | ||
- Bio-based. IO requests are submitted directly to the device driver. | ||
- Directly accepts bio data structure and returns them. | ||
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All of them have a completion queue for each core in the system. | ||
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II. Module parameters applicable for all instances: | ||
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queue_mode=[0-2]: Default: 2-Multi-queue | ||
Selects which block-layer the module should instantiate with. | ||
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0: Bio-based. | ||
1: Single-queue. | ||
2: Multi-queue. | ||
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home_node=[0--nr_nodes]: Default: NUMA_NO_NODE | ||
Selects what CPU node the data structures are allocated from. | ||
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gb=[Size in GB]: Default: 250GB | ||
The size of the device reported to the system. | ||
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bs=[Block size (in bytes)]: Default: 512 bytes | ||
The block size reported to the system. | ||
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nr_devices=[Number of devices]: Default: 2 | ||
Number of block devices instantiated. They are instantiated as /dev/nullb0, | ||
etc. | ||
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irq_mode=[0-2]: Default: 1-Soft-irq | ||
The completion mode used for completing IOs to the block-layer. | ||
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0: None. | ||
1: Soft-irq. Uses IPI to complete IOs across CPU nodes. Simulates the overhead | ||
when IOs are issued from another CPU node than the home the device is | ||
connected to. | ||
2: Timer: Waits a specific period (completion_nsec) for each IO before | ||
completion. | ||
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completion_nsec=[ns]: Default: 10.000ns | ||
Combined with irq_mode=2 (timer). The time each completion event must wait. | ||
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submit_queues=[0..nr_cpus]: | ||
The number of submission queues attached to the device driver. If unset, it | ||
defaults to 1 on single-queue and bio-based instances. For multi-queue, | ||
it is ignored when use_per_node_hctx module parameter is 1. | ||
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hw_queue_depth=[0..qdepth]: Default: 64 | ||
The hardware queue depth of the device. | ||
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III: Multi-queue specific parameters | ||
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use_per_node_hctx=[0/1]: Default: 0 | ||
0: The number of submit queues are set to the value of the submit_queues | ||
parameter. | ||
1: The multi-queue block layer is instantiated with a hardware dispatch | ||
queue for each CPU node in the system. |
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