Mapping Modula 2 Identifiers to C

Mapping Identifiers from Modula-2 to C

All Modula-2 identifiers are converted to a C representation in snake_case or MACRO_CASE, depending on the object they represent. In order to convert a Modula-2 identifier to its C representation, it is first split at word boundaries, the resulting components are then converted to all-lowercase or all-uppercase, and are then rejoined by inserting a lowline _ between any two components. Certain types of identifiers are additionally prefixed or suffixed or both.

Word Boundaries

Word boundaries in the Modula-2 identifier are determined as follows:

(1) a sequence of lowercase letters and digits preceding a capital letter, or

(2) a sequence of capital letters and digits preceding a sequence of a capital letter followed by lowercase letters and digits

sets the word boundary before the capital letter;

(3) a sequence of a capital letters followed by digits preceding a sequence of lowercase letters sets the word boundary before the first lowercase letter.

(4) where lowlines are enabled and used, any lowline sets the word boundary at the lowline.

Module Prefixes

The C representations of all exported and all imported Modula-2 identifiers are qualified with a module prefix, derived from the module identifier of the module that exports the identifier.

• To derive the module prefix for C macro identifiers, the module identifier is converted to MACRO_CASE.
• To derive the module prefix for all other C identifiers, the module identifier is converted to snake_case.

To obtain the C representation of the fully qualified identifier, the derived module prefix is prepended to the C representation of the unqualified identifier while two lowlines __ are inserted between them.

Local Suffixes

With the exception of local variable identifiers, the C representation of all other local identifiers are qualified with a local suffix, derived from the base-36 representation of a hash value computed from the identifier of the surrounding procedure.

To obtain the C representation of the fully qualified identifier, the derived local suffix is appended to the C representation of the unqualified identifier while two lowlines __ are inserted between them. The suffix always starts with a decimal digit.

Constant Identifiers

To obtain the C representation of a Modula-2 constant identifier, the identifier is converted to MACRO_CASE.

Examples

• A non-local non-exported Modula-2 constant FooBar is mapped to FOO_BAR.
• A Modula-2 constant BazBam exported by module FooBar is mapped to FOO_BAR__BAZ_BAM.
• A local Modula-2 constant BazBam in procedure FooBar is mapped to BAZ_BAM__DXXXXX where DXXXXX is the base-36 hash value of FooBar.

Enumerated Value Identifiers

The C representations of all Modula-2 enumerated value identifiers are qualified with an enumeration prefix, derived from the type identifier of their respective enumeration type converted to MACRO_CASE.

To obtain the C representation of a Modula-2 enumerated value identifier, the identifier is converted to MACRO_CASE and the enumeration prefix is prepended while a lowline _ is inserted between them.

Examples

Given the enumeration type declaration TYPE Color = ( Red, Green, Blue );

• If type Color is non-local and non-exported, Red is mapped to COLOR_RED.
• If type Color is exported by module Graphics, Red is mapped to GRAPHICS__COLOR_RED.
• If type Color is declared local in procedure Draw, Red is mapped to COLOR_RED__DXXXXX where DXXXXX is the base-36 hash value of Draw.

Type Identifiers

The C representations of all Modula-2 type identifiers are marked with the type suffix _t.

To obtain the C representation of a type identifier, the identifier is converted to snake_case and the type suffix is appended.

Examples

• A non-local non-exported Modula-2 type identifier FooBar is mapped to foo_bar_t.
• A Modula-2 type identifier BazBam exported by module FooBar is mapped to foo_bar__baz_bam_t.
• A local Modula-2 type identifier BazBam in procedure FooBar is mapped to baz_bam_t__DXXXXX where DXXXXX is the base-36 hash value of FooBar.

Variable Identifiers

To obtain the C representation of a Modula-2 variable identifier, the identifier is converted to snake_case.

Examples

• A non-local non-exported Modula-2 variable identifier fooBar is mapped to foo_bar.
• A Modula-2 variable identifier bazBam exported by module FooBar is mapped to foo_bar__baz_bam.
• A local Modula-2 variable identifier bazBam in procedure FooBar is mapped to baz_bam without local suffix.

Function Identifiers

To obtain the C representation of a Modula-2 function identifier, the identifier is converted to snake_case.

Examples

• A non-local non-exported Modula-2 function identifier fooBar is mapped to foo_bar.
• A Modula-2 function identifier bazBam exported by module FooBar is mapped to foo_bar__baz_bam.
• A local Modula-2 function identifier bazBam in procedure FooBar is mapped to baz_bam__DXXXXX where DXXXXX is the base-36 hash value of FooBar.

Procedure Identifiers

The C representations of all Modula-2 procedure identifiers are marked with the procedure prefix do_.

To obtain the C representation of a procedure identifier, the identifier is converted to snake_case and the procedure prefix is prepended.

Examples

• A non-local non-exported Modula-2 procedure identifier FooBar is mapped to do_foo_bar.
• A Modula-2 procedure identifier BazBam exported by module FooBar is mapped to foo_bar__do_baz_bam.
• A local Modula-2 procedure identifier BazBam in procedure FooBar is mapped to do_baz_bam__DXXXXX where DXXXXX is the base-36 hash value of FooBar.

Identifiers whose Mapping coincides with Reserved Words of C

Where the final C representation of a Modula-2 identifier coincides with a reserved word of C, its first letter is capitalised.

Example

• A local Modula-2 variable switch is mapped to Switch.
• A non-exported Modula-2 function float is mapped to Float.

Naming Convention

This mapping scheme was designed with the common Modula-2 naming convention in mind:

• Module, type and procedure identifiers are in TitleCase,
• Math constant, variable and function identifiers are in camelCase,
• Other constant identifiers are consistently either in camelCase or TitleCase.

Legend

In the placeholder DXXXXX, representing a local suffix, D represents a decimal digit, X a base-36 digit.