ubits

Bit fields and masks for rust!

Provides a macro for generating bit field types complete with flags and some helpful trait implementations.

Supports field widths of 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 bits.

• [bitfield] - macro documentation.
• [examples] - examples of the output generated by the [bitfield] macro.

Note: the example module is only complied with documentation builds and is not available for importing in the wild.

Usage

Generate a bitfield struct with a flag enum... (The following examples all use this as a definition.)

use ubits::bitfield;

    bitfield! {
        pub u8 ExampleField
        ExampleFlags {
            0 : Flag0,
            1 : Flag1,
            2 : Flag2,
            3 : Flag3,
            4 : Flag4,
            5 : Flag5,
            6 : Flag6,
            7 : Flag7,
        }
    }

Instances

From integer:

let from_integer = ExampleField(123);
assert_eq!(ExampleField(123), from_integer);

From a binary string:

let from_binary = ExampleField::from_binary_str("01111011");
assert_eq!(ExampleField(123), from_binary)

From ones:

let from_ones = ExampleField::ones();
assert_eq!("11111111", from_ones.as_binary());
assert_eq!(255, from_ones.as_integer());

From zeros:

let from_zeros = ExampleField::zeros();
assert_eq!("00000000", from_zeros.as_binary());
assert_eq!(0, from_zeros.as_integer());

Field Access

Get bit value by field:

let field = ExampleField::from_binary_str("01010101");
assert!(field.get(ExampleFlags::Flag0));
assert!(!field.get(ExampleFlags::Flag1));

Get bit value by index:

let field = ExampleField::from_binary_str("01010101");
assert!(field.get_index(0));
assert!(!field.get_index(1));

Set bit value by field:

let mut field = ExampleField::from_binary_str("01010101");
field.set(ExampleFlags::Flag1);
field.set(ExampleFlags::Flag3);
assert_eq!("01011111", field.as_binary());

Set bit value by index:

let mut field = ExampleField::from_binary_str("01010101");
field.set_index(1);
field.set_index(3);
assert_eq!("01011111", field.as_binary());

Clear bit value by field:

let mut field = ExampleField::from_binary_str("01010101");
field.clear(ExampleFlags::Flag0);
field.clear(ExampleFlags::Flag2);
assert_eq!("01010000", field.as_binary());

Clear bit value by index:

let mut field = ExampleField::from_binary_str("01010101");
field.clear_index(0);
field.clear_index(2);
assert_eq!("01010000", field.as_binary());

Toggle bit value by field:

let mut field = ExampleField::from_binary_str("01010101");
field.toggle(ExampleFlags::Flag0);
assert_eq!("01010100", field.as_binary());
field.toggle(ExampleFlags::Flag0);
assert_eq!("01010101", field.as_binary());

Toggle bit value by index:

let mut field = ExampleField::from_binary_str("01010101");
field.toggle_index(0);
assert_eq!("01010100", field.as_binary());
field.toggle_index(0);
assert_eq!("01010101", field.as_binary());

Named Getters and Setters

Ubits can generate getter and setter methods for zero or more fields, if a name is provided.

use ubits::bitfield;
   bitfield! {
       pub u8 ExampleField
       ExampleFlags {
           0 : Flag0 : (field_0),  // is_field_0 & set_field_0 & clear_field_0 & toggle_field_0
           1 : Flag1 : (field_1),  // is_field_1 & set_field_1 & clear_field_1 & toggle_field_1
           2 : Flag2,
           3 : Flag3,
           4 : Flag4,
           5 : Flag5,
           6 : Flag6,
           7 : Flag7,
       }
   }

let mut field = ExampleField::from_binary_str("01010101");
assert_eq!(true, field.is_field_0());
assert_eq!(false, field.is_field_1());

field.set_field_1();
assert_eq!(true, field.is_field_1());

field.clear_field_1();
assert_eq!(false, field.is_field_1());

field.toggle_field_1();
assert_eq!(true, field.is_field_1());

Combinations

Combine bit fields:
(use into_combined to consume self)

let mut a = ExampleField::from_binary_str("01010101");
let b = ExampleField::from_binary_str("10101010");
assert_eq!("11111111", a.combine(b).as_binary());

Get the intersection of two bitfields:
(use into_intersection to consume self)

let mut a = ExampleField::from_binary_str("11000011");
let b = ExampleField::from_binary_str("01111110");
assert_eq!("01000010", a.intersect(b).as_binary());

Get the diff of two bitfields:
(use into_diff to consume self)

let mut a = ExampleField::from_binary_str("11000011");
let b = ExampleField::from_binary_str("01100110");
assert_eq!("10100101", a.diff(b).as_binary());

Bitwise

Both bit field instances and flags use bitwise operators to change bit values.

let mut from_zeros = ExampleField::zeros();
assert_eq!("00000000", from_zeros.as_binary());

// set bit to 1
from_zeros |= ExampleFlags::Flag1;
assert_eq!("00000010", from_zeros.as_binary());

// set bit back to 0
from_zeros &= ExampleFlags::Flag1;
assert_eq!("00000000", from_zeros.as_binary());

// toggle a bit
from_zeros ^= ExampleFlags::Flag1;
assert_eq!("00000010", from_zeros.as_binary());

from_zeros ^= ExampleFlags::Flag1;
assert_eq!("00000000", from_zeros.as_binary());

Operations can also be chained together:

let mut from_zeros = ExampleField::zeros() | ExampleFlags::Flag1 | ExampleFlags::Flag3;
assert_eq!("00001010", from_zeros.as_binary());

Bitfield instances can also be created from combining flags:

let mut from_zeros = ExampleFlags::Flag1 | ExampleFlags::Flag3;
assert_eq!("00001010", from_zeros.as_binary());

Fields named with flags

The generated flags enum allows you to access bits by name. The flag has an associated [u8] value, which determines the index its target bit. (See [bitfield] for more info)

With the following input...

1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0

and the following flags...

0 : f1
1 : f1
2 : f2
3 : f3
4 : f4
5 : f5
6 : f6
7 : f7

we end up with this layout.

name	f7	f6	f5	f4	f3	f2	f1	f0
bit value	1	0	1	0	0	1	1	0
index	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0

With the same input and only the first few flags:

0 : f0
1 : f1
2 : f2

we end up with this layout.

name						f2	f1	f0
bit value	1	0	1	0	0	1	1	0
index	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0

Using the same input, but with dispersed flags:

1 : f0
3 : f1
6 : f2

we end up with this layout.

name		f2			f1		f0
bit value	1	0	1	0	0	1	1	0
index	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0