test cases/linuxlike/14 static dynamic linkage: Add matrix by static

Not only Solaris doesn't ship static libraries, it's common practice for
Linux distributions in general (security updates, size/space, etc.).
See, for example 'test cases/frameworks/1 boost'.

Enhancements:

  * Added flexibility: Introduced the SKIP_STATIC_ZLIB environment
    variable to optionally skip static linkage (similar to SKIP_STATIC_BOOST).
  * Expanded testing: Included testing for dynamic linkage, which was previously
    limited to static in verify_static.py (renamed to verify_zlib_linkage.py).
  * Improved test coverage: Ensured that each case is tested for
    its specific linkage type and the opposite case fails.
  * Addressed Cygwin issue: Ensured that the corresponding symbol is
    present on Cygwin.

Renames, comments, etc.

test cases/linuxlike/14 static dynamic linkage/main.c

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #include "zlib.h"
 
 int main(void) {
-    printf("%s\n", zlibVersion());
-    return 0;
+    const char * const v = zlibVersion();
+    printf("%s\n", v ? v : "<NULL>");
+    return !v;
 }

test cases/linuxlike/14 static dynamic linkage/meson.build

@@ -1,36 +1,34 @@
+# This test uses zlib to verify static and dynamic linkages.
+# A C program is used to call a single zlib function (zlibVersion).
+# The nm utility is then used to check for the existence of this symbol
+# in the resulting binary.
+
 project('static dynamic', 'c')
 
-# Solaris does not ship static libraries
-if host_machine.system() == 'sunos'
-  has_static = false
-else
-  has_static = true
+s = get_option('static')
+
+if s and host_machine.system() == 'sunos'
+  error('MESON_SKIP_TEST: static zlib linkage is not supported on SunOS by default')
 endif
 
 cc = meson.get_compiler('c')
 
-z_default = cc.find_library('z')
-if has_static
-  z_static = cc.find_library('z', static: true)
-endif
-z_dynamic = cc.find_library('z', static: false)
+z = cc.find_library('z', static: s)
 
-exe_default = executable('main_default', 'main.c', dependencies: [z_default])
-if has_static
-  exe_static = executable('main_static', 'main.c', dependencies: [z_static])
-endif
-exe_dynamic = executable('main_dynamic', 'main.c', dependencies: [z_dynamic])
+exe = executable('print_zlib_version', 'main.c', dependencies: [z])
 
-test('test default', exe_default)
-if has_static
-  test('test static', exe_static)
-endif
-test('test dynamic', exe_dynamic)
+# first step: the executable should compile and work
+test('test zlib', exe)
 
-if has_static
-  test('verify static linking', find_program('verify_static.py'),
-      args: ['--platform=' + host_machine.system(), exe_static.full_path()])
-endif
-test('verify dynamic linking', find_program('verify_static.py'),
-    args: ['--platform=' + host_machine.system(), exe_dynamic.full_path()],
-    should_fail: true)
+# to check the zlib static/dynamic symbols in the resulting binary
+find_program('nm')
+
+# second step: static linkage
+test('verify static zlib linking', find_program('verify_zlib_linkage.py'),
+  args: ['--platform=' + host_machine.system(), '--static', exe.full_path()],
+  depends: [exe], should_fail: not s)
+
+# third step: dynamic linkage
+test('verify dynamic zlib linking', find_program('verify_zlib_linkage.py'),
+  args: ['--platform=' + host_machine.system(), exe.full_path()],
+  depends: [exe], should_fail: s)

test cases/linuxlike/14 static dynamic linkage/meson_options.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+option('static', type: 'boolean', value: false)

test cases/linuxlike/14 static dynamic linkage/test.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+  "matrix": {
+    "options": {
+      "static": [
+        { "val": "true", "skip_on_env": [ "SKIP_STATIC_ZLIB" ] },
+        { "val": "false" }
+      ]
+    }
+  }
+}

test cases/linuxlike/14 static dynamic linkage/verify_zlib_linkage.py

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Test script that checks if zlib was statically or dynamically linked to executable"""
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import argparse
+
+def check_zlib_symbol_common(path, is_static):
+    """Tests if the binary contains zlibVersion symbol (non-Cygwin version)."""
+    try:
+        sym_opt = '--defined-only' if is_static else '--undefined-only'
+        output = subprocess.check_output(['nm', sym_opt, '-P', '-A', path]).decode('utf-8')
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+        # some NMs only support -U. Older binutils only supports --defined-only.
+        opts = '-UPA' if is_static else '-uPA'
+        output = subprocess.check_output(['nm', opts, path]).decode('utf-8')
+    # POSIX format. Prints all *defined* symbols, looks like this:
+    # builddir/main_static: zlibVersion T 1190 39
+    # or
+    # builddir/main_static: zlibVersion D 1fde0 30
+    if ': zlibVersion ' in output:
+        return 0
+    return 1
+
+def check_zlib_symbol_cygwin(path, is_static):
+    """Tests if the binary contains zlibVersion symbol (Cygwin case)."""
+    output = subprocess.check_output(['nm', path]).decode('utf-8')
+    # No matter static or dynamic, the name must exist in nm output
+    if ' zlibVersion' not in output:
+        return 2
+    is_dynamic = ('I __imp_zlibVersion' in output) or ('D __imp_zlibVersion' in output)
+    if is_dynamic == is_static: # expected/got mismatch?
+        return 3
+    return 0
+
+def main():
+    """Main function"""
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+    parser.add_argument('path', help='executable path')
+    parser.add_argument('-p', '--platform')
+    parser.add_argument('-s', '--static', action='store_true', default=False)
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    if args.platform == 'cygwin':
+        return check_zlib_symbol_cygwin(args.path, args.static)
+    else:
+        return check_zlib_symbol_common(args.path, args.static)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.exit(main())