feat: better internal error handling

[XuehaiPan]

Description

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Motivation and Context

Why is this change required? What problem does it solve?
If it fixes an open issue, please link to the issue here.
You can use the syntax close #15213 if this solves the issue #15213

• I have raised an issue to propose this change (required for new features and bug fixes)

Types of changes

What types of changes does your code introduce? Put an x in all the boxes that apply:

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds core functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to change)
• Documentation (update in the documentation)

Checklist

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• I have read the CONTRIBUTION guide. (required)
• My change requires a change to the documentation.
• I have updated the tests accordingly. (required for a bug fix or a new feature)
• I have updated the documentation accordingly.
• I have reformatted the code using make format. (required)
• I have checked the code using make lint. (required)
• I have ensured make test pass. (required)

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Base: 93.91% // Head: 93.91% // No change to project coverage 👍

Coverage data is based on head (673c5de) compared to base (a4272c2).
Patch has no changes to coverable lines.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main      #17   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   93.91%   93.91%           
=======================================
  Files           4        4           
  Lines         312      312           
=======================================
  Hits          293      293           
  Misses         19       19           

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	93.91% <ø> (ø)

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