fix(core): Use consistent timezone-aware timestamps in postgres

Fixes:
* ENG-51 / N8N-2490
* PAY-397
* #2178
* #2810
* #3855

Supersedes #2813

packages/cli/src/databases/entities/AbstractEntity.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
-import {
-	BeforeInsert,
-	BeforeUpdate,
-	CreateDateColumn,
-	PrimaryColumn,
-	UpdateDateColumn,
-} from 'typeorm';
-import { IsDate, IsOptional } from 'class-validator';
+import type { ColumnOptions } from 'typeorm';
+import { BeforeInsert, BeforeUpdate, Column, PrimaryColumn } from 'typeorm';
+import { IsOptional } from 'class-validator';
 import config from '@/config';
 import { generateNanoId } from '../utils/generators';
 
@@ -21,9 +16,10 @@ const timestampSyntax = {
 export const jsonColumnType = dbType === 'sqlite' ? 'simple-json' : 'json';
 export const datetimeColumnType = dbType === 'postgresdb' ? 'timestamptz' : 'datetime';
 
-const tsColumnOptions = {
+const tsColumnOptions: ColumnOptions = {
 	precision: 3,
 	default: () => timestampSyntax,
+	type: datetimeColumnType,
 };
 
 type Constructor<T> = new (...args: any[]) => T;
@@ -45,17 +41,15 @@ function mixinStringId<T extends Constructor<{}>>(base: T) {
 
 function mixinTimestamps<T extends Constructor<{}>>(base: T) {
 	class Derived extends base {
-		@CreateDateColumn(tsColumnOptions)
+		@Column(tsColumnOptions)
 		@IsOptional() // ignored by validation because set at DB level
-		@IsDate()
 		createdAt: Date;
 
-		@UpdateDateColumn({
+		@Column({
 			...tsColumnOptions,
 			onUpdate: timestampSyntax,
 		})
 		@IsOptional() // ignored by validation because set at DB level
-		@IsDate()
 		updatedAt: Date;
 
 		@BeforeUpdate()

packages/cli/src/databases/migrations/postgresdb/1692207852593-MigrateToTimestampZ1692207852593.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import type { IrreversibleMigration, MigrationContext } from '@/databases/types';
+
+const defaultTimestampColumns = ['createdAt', 'updatedAt'];
+const tablesWithDefaultTimestamps = [
+	'auth_identity',
+	'credentials_entity',
+	'event_destinations',
+	'installed_packages',
+	'role',
+	'shared_credentials',
+	'shared_workflow',
+	'tag_entity',
+	'user',
+	'workflow_entity',
+];
+
+const additionalColumns = {
+	auth_provider_sync_history: ['endedAt', 'startedAt'],
+	execution_entity: ['startedAt', 'stoppedAt', 'waitTill'],
+	workflow_statistics: ['latestEvent'],
+};
+
+export class MigrateToTimestampZ1692207852593 implements IrreversibleMigration {
+	async up({ queryRunner, tablePrefix }: MigrationContext) {
+		// You cannot define a TIMESTAMPTZ column with a specific precision for fractional seconds other than 6.
+		const changeColumnType = async (tableName: string, columnName: string) =>
+			queryRunner.query(
+				`ALTER TABLE "${tablePrefix}${tableName}" ALTER COLUMN "${columnName}" TYPE TIMESTAMPTZ(3)`,
+			);
+
+		for (const tableName of tablesWithDefaultTimestamps) {
+			for (const columnName of defaultTimestampColumns) {
+				await changeColumnType(tableName, columnName);
+			}
+		}
+		for (const [tableName, columnNames] of Object.entries(additionalColumns)) {
+			for (const columnName of columnNames) {
+				await changeColumnType(tableName, columnName);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

packages/cli/src/databases/migrations/postgresdb/index.ts

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ import { RemoveSkipOwnerSetup1681134145997 } from './1681134145997-RemoveSkipOwn
 import { RemoveResetPasswordColumns1690000000030 } from '../common/1690000000030-RemoveResetPasswordColumns';
 import { AddMissingPrimaryKeyOnExecutionData1690787606731 } from './1690787606731-AddMissingPrimaryKeyOnExecutionData';
 import { CreateWorkflowNameIndex1691088862123 } from '../common/1691088862123-CreateWorkflowNameIndex';
+import { MigrateToTimestampZ1692207852593 } from './1692207852593-MigrateToTimestampZ1692207852593';
 
 export const postgresMigrations: Migration[] = [
 	InitialMigration1587669153312,
@@ -87,4 +88,5 @@ export const postgresMigrations: Migration[] = [
 	RemoveResetPasswordColumns1690000000030,
 	AddMissingPrimaryKeyOnExecutionData1690787606731,
 	CreateWorkflowNameIndex1691088862123,
+	MigrateToTimestampZ1692207852593,
 ];