Add support for VS2013

VS2013 issues
* No constexpr support
  - Conditionally use constexpr if the compiler supports it
  - Updated tests to use a macro for this purpose
* Requires copy constructor support for base classes of thrown objects
  - Added a protected copy constructor to ObjectReference and
    Reference<T>
* Incorrect overload resolution for std::initializer_list
  - Used explicit types to invoke the correct overload
* No literal support for char16_t
  - Added macro to convert the text properly
* Lambdas are unable to capture function non-pointers
  - Updated the typedef to create a function pointer
* Short lifetime for temporary objects passed to constructors
  - Updated the tests to create the objects and pass them to the
    constructor. This is closer to how they would be used anyway

General improvements
* Added console.log output to the test runner to make it more clear
  when and where tests are failing

napi-inl.h

@@ -555,13 +555,13 @@ inline std::string String::Utf8Value() const {
 inline std::u16string String::Utf16Value() const {
   size_t length;
   napi_status status = napi_get_value_string_utf16(_env, _value, nullptr, 0, &length);
-  NAPI_THROW_IF_FAILED(_env, status, u"");
+  NAPI_THROW_IF_FAILED(_env, status, NAPI_WIDE_TEXT(""));
 
   std::u16string value;
   value.reserve(length + 1);
   value.resize(length);
   status = napi_get_value_string_utf16(_env, _value, &value[0], value.capacity(), nullptr);
-  NAPI_THROW_IF_FAILED(_env, status, u"");
+  NAPI_THROW_IF_FAILED(_env, status, NAPI_WIDE_TEXT(""));
   return value;
 }
 
@@ -1490,7 +1490,7 @@ inline Error& Error::operator =(Error&& other) {
   return *this;
 }
 
-inline Error::Error(const Error& other) : Error(other.Env(), other.Value()) {
+inline Error::Error(const Error& other) : ObjectReference(other) {
 }
 
 inline Error& Error::operator =(Error& other) {
@@ -1644,6 +1644,22 @@ inline Reference<T>& Reference<T>::operator =(Reference<T>&& other) {
   return *this;
 }
 
+template <typename T>
+inline Reference<T>::Reference(const Reference<T>& other) {
+  _env = other.Env();
+  HandleScope scope(_env);
+
+  napi_value value = other.Value();
+  if (value != nullptr) {
+    // Copying is a limited scenario (currently only used for Error object) and always creates a
+    // strong reference to the given value even if the incoming reference is weak.
+    napi_status status = napi_create_reference(_env, value, 1, &_ref);
+
+    // TODO - Switch to napi_fatal_error() once it exists.
+    assert(status == napi_ok);
+  }
+}
+
 template <typename T>
 inline Reference<T>::operator napi_ref() const {
   return _ref;
@@ -1778,6 +1794,10 @@ inline ObjectReference& ObjectReference::operator =(ObjectReference&& other) {
   return *this;
 }
 
+inline ObjectReference::ObjectReference(const ObjectReference& other)
+  : Reference<Object>(other) {
+}
+
 inline Napi::Value ObjectReference::Get(const char* utf8name) const {
   EscapableHandleScope scope(_env);
   return scope.Escape(Value().Get(utf8name));
@@ -2697,11 +2717,11 @@ inline FunctionReference& AsyncWorker::Callback() {
 }
 
 inline void AsyncWorker::OnOK() {
-  _callback.MakeCallback(_receiver.Value(), {});
+  _callback.MakeCallback(_receiver.Value(), std::initializer_list<napi_value>{});
 }
 
 inline void AsyncWorker::OnError(const Error& e) {
-  _callback.MakeCallback(_receiver.Value(), { e.Value() });
+  _callback.MakeCallback(_receiver.Value(), std::initializer_list<napi_value>{ e.Value() });
 }
 
 inline void AsyncWorker::SetError(const std::string& error) {

napi.h

@@ -7,6 +7,20 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
+// VS2015 RTM has bugs with constexpr, so require min of VS2015 Update 3 (known good version)
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_FULL_VER >= 190024210
+#define NAPI_HAS_CONSTEXPR 1
+#endif
+
+// VS2013 does not support char16_t literal strings, so we'll work around it using wchar_t strings
+// and casting them. This is safe as long as the character sizes are the same.
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER <= 1800
+static_assert(sizeof(char16_t) == sizeof(wchar_t), "Size mismatch between char16_t and wchar_t");
+#define NAPI_WIDE_TEXT(x) reinterpret_cast<char16_t*>(L ## x)
+#else
+#define NAPI_WIDE_TEXT(x) u ## x
+#endif
+
 // If C++ exceptions are not explicitly enabled or disabled, enable them
 // if exceptions were enabled in the compiler settings.
 #if !defined(NAPI_CPP_EXCEPTIONS) && !defined(NAPI_DISABLE_CPP_EXCEPTIONS)
@@ -60,7 +74,7 @@ namespace Napi {
   typedef TypedArrayOf<double> Float64Array;  ///< Typed-array of 64-bit floating-point values
 
   /// Defines the signature of a N-API C++ module's registration callback (init) function.
-  typedef void ModuleRegisterCallback(Env env, Object exports, Object module);
+  typedef void (*ModuleRegisterCallback)(Env env, Object exports, Object module);
 
   /// Environment for N-API values and operations.
   ///
@@ -671,7 +685,11 @@ namespace Napi {
     static const napi_typedarray_type unknown_array_type = static_cast<napi_typedarray_type>(-1);
 
     template <typename T>
-    static constexpr napi_typedarray_type TypedArrayTypeForPrimitiveType() {
+    static
+#if defined(NAPI_HAS_CONSTEXPR)
+    constexpr
+#endif
+    napi_typedarray_type TypedArrayTypeForPrimitiveType() {
       return std::is_same<T, int8_t>::value ? napi_int8_array
         : std::is_same<T, uint8_t>::value ? napi_uint8_array
         : std::is_same<T, int16_t>::value ? napi_int16_array
@@ -701,7 +719,11 @@ namespace Napi {
     static TypedArrayOf New(
       napi_env env,         ///< N-API environment
       size_t elementLength, ///< Length of the created array, as a number of elements
+#if defined(NAPI_HAS_CONSTEXPR)
       napi_typedarray_type type = TypedArray::TypedArrayTypeForPrimitiveType<T>()
+#else
+      napi_typedarray_type type
+#endif
         ///< Type of array, if different from the default array type for the template parameter T.
     );
 
@@ -716,7 +738,11 @@ namespace Napi {
       size_t elementLength,          ///< Length of the created array, as a number of elements
       Napi::ArrayBuffer arrayBuffer, ///< Backing array buffer instance to use
       size_t bufferOffset,           ///< Offset into the array buffer where the typed-array starts
+#if defined(NAPI_HAS_CONSTEXPR)
       napi_typedarray_type type = TypedArray::TypedArrayTypeForPrimitiveType<T>()
+#else
+      napi_typedarray_type type
+#endif
         ///< Type of array, if different from the default array type for the template parameter T.
     );
 
@@ -830,7 +856,6 @@ namespace Napi {
     // A reference can be moved but cannot be copied.
     Reference(Reference<T>&& other);
     Reference<T>& operator =(Reference<T>&& other);
-    Reference(const Reference<T>&) = delete;
     Reference<T>& operator =(Reference<T>&) = delete;
 
     operator napi_ref() const;
@@ -855,6 +880,8 @@ namespace Napi {
     void SuppressDestruct();
 
   protected:
+    Reference(const Reference<T>&);
+
     /// !cond INTERNAL
     napi_env _env;
     napi_ref _ref;
@@ -874,7 +901,6 @@ namespace Napi {
     ObjectReference& operator =(Reference<Object>&& other);
     ObjectReference(ObjectReference&& other);
     ObjectReference& operator =(ObjectReference&& other);
-    ObjectReference(const ObjectReference&) = delete;
     ObjectReference& operator =(ObjectReference&) = delete;
 
     Napi::Value Get(const char* utf8name) const;
@@ -897,6 +923,9 @@ namespace Napi {
     void Set(uint32_t index, const std::string& utf8value);
     void Set(uint32_t index, bool boolValue);
     void Set(uint32_t index, double numberValue);
+
+  protected:
+    ObjectReference(const ObjectReference&);
   };
 
   class FunctionReference: public Reference<Function> {

test/error.cc

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ void DoNotCatch(const CallbackInfo& info) {
 
 void ThrowApiError(const CallbackInfo& info) {
   // Attempting to call an empty function value will throw an API error.
-  Function(info.Env(), nullptr).Call({});
+  Function(info.Env(), nullptr).Call(std::initializer_list<napi_value>{});
 }
 
 #ifdef NAPI_CPP_EXCEPTIONS

test/function.cc

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ Value CallWithVector(const CallbackInfo& info) {
 Value CallWithReceiverAndArgs(const CallbackInfo& info) {
    Function func = info[0].As<Function>();
    Value receiver = info[1];
-   return func.Call(receiver, { info[2], info[3], info[4] });
+   return func.Call(receiver, std::initializer_list<napi_value>{ info[2], info[3], info[4] });
 }
 
 Value CallWithReceiverAndVector(const CallbackInfo& info) {
@@ -78,12 +78,12 @@ Value CallWithReceiverAndVector(const CallbackInfo& info) {
 
 Value CallWithInvalidReceiver(const CallbackInfo& info) {
    Function func = info[0].As<Function>();
-   return func.Call(Value(), {});
+   return func.Call(Value(), std::initializer_list<napi_value>{});
 }
 
 Value CallConstructorWithArgs(const CallbackInfo& info) {
    Function func = info[0].As<Function>();
-   return func.New({ info[1], info[2], info[3] });
+   return func.New(std::initializer_list<napi_value>{ info[1], info[2], info[3] });
 }
 
 Value CallConstructorWithVector(const CallbackInfo& info) {

test/index.js

@@ -13,10 +13,15 @@ let testModules = [
 ];
 
 if (typeof global.gc === 'function') {
+  console.log('Starting test suite\n');
+
   // Requiring each module runs tests in the module.
   testModules.forEach(name => {
+    console.log(`Running test '${name}'`);
     require('./' + name);
   });
+
+  console.log('\nAll tests passed!');
 } else {
   // Make it easier to run with the correct (version-dependent) command-line args.
   const args = [ '--expose-gc', __filename ];

test/name.cc

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 using namespace Napi;
 
 const char* testValueUtf8 = "123456789";
-const char16_t* testValueUtf16 = u"123456789";
+const char16_t* testValueUtf16 = NAPI_WIDE_TEXT("123456789");
 
 Value EchoString(const CallbackInfo& info) {
   String value = info[0].As<String>();

test/object.cc

@@ -39,14 +39,26 @@ void DefineProperties(const CallbackInfo& info) {
       PropertyDescriptor::Function("function", TestFunction),
     });
   } else if (nameType.Utf8Value() == "string") {
+    // VS2013 has lifetime issues when passing temporary objects into the constructor of another
+    // object. It generates code to destruct the object as soon as the constructor call returns.
+    // Since this isn't a common case for using std::string objects, I'm refactoring the test to
+    // work around the issue.
+    std::string str1("readonlyAccessor");
+    std::string str2("readwriteAccessor");
+    std::string str3("readonlyValue");
+    std::string str4("readwriteValue");
+    std::string str5("enumerableValue");
+    std::string str6("configurableValue");
+    std::string str7("function");
+
     obj.DefineProperties({
-      PropertyDescriptor::Accessor(std::string("readonlyAccessor"), TestGetter),
-      PropertyDescriptor::Accessor(std::string("readwriteAccessor"), TestGetter, TestSetter),
-      PropertyDescriptor::Value(std::string("readonlyValue"), trueValue),
-      PropertyDescriptor::Value(std::string("readwriteValue"), trueValue, napi_writable),
-      PropertyDescriptor::Value(std::string("enumerableValue"), trueValue, napi_enumerable),
-      PropertyDescriptor::Value(std::string("configurableValue"), trueValue, napi_configurable),
-      PropertyDescriptor::Function(std::string("function"), TestFunction),
+      PropertyDescriptor::Accessor(str1, TestGetter),
+      PropertyDescriptor::Accessor(str2, TestGetter, TestSetter),
+      PropertyDescriptor::Value(str3, trueValue),
+      PropertyDescriptor::Value(str4, trueValue, napi_writable),
+      PropertyDescriptor::Value(str5, trueValue, napi_enumerable),
+      PropertyDescriptor::Value(str6, trueValue, napi_configurable),
+      PropertyDescriptor::Function(str7, TestFunction),
     });
   } else if (nameType.Utf8Value() == "value") {
     obj.DefineProperties({

test/typedarray.cc

@@ -2,6 +2,16 @@
 
 using namespace Napi;
 
+#if defined(NAPI_HAS_CONSTEXPR)
+#define NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW(className, env, length, type) className::New(env, length)
+#define NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW_BUFFER(className, env, length, buffer, bufferOffset, type) \
+  className::New(env, length, buffer, bufferOffset)
+#else
+#define NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW(className, env, length, type) className::New(env, length, type)
+#define NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW_BUFFER(className, env, length, buffer, bufferOffset, type) \
+  className::New(env, length, buffer, bufferOffset, type)
+#endif
+
 namespace {
 
 Value CreateTypedArray(const CallbackInfo& info) {
@@ -11,40 +21,57 @@ Value CreateTypedArray(const CallbackInfo& info) {
   size_t bufferOffset = info[3].IsUndefined() ? 0 : info[3].As<Number>().Uint32Value();
 
   if (arrayType == "int8") {
-    return buffer.IsUndefined() ? Int8Array::New(info.Env(), length)
-      : Int8Array::New(info.Env(), length, buffer, bufferOffset);
+    return buffer.IsUndefined() ?
+      NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW(Int8Array, info.Env(), length, napi_int8_array) :
+      NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW_BUFFER(Int8Array, info.Env(), length, buffer, bufferOffset,
+                                 napi_int8_array);
   } else if (arrayType == "uint8") {
-    return buffer.IsUndefined() ? Uint8Array::New(info.Env(), length)
-      : Uint8Array::New(info.Env(), length, buffer, bufferOffset);
+    return buffer.IsUndefined() ?
+      NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW(Uint8Array, info.Env(), length, napi_uint8_array) :
+      NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW_BUFFER(Uint8Array, info.Env(), length, buffer, bufferOffset,
+                                 napi_uint8_array);
   } else if (arrayType == "uint8_clamped") {
-    return buffer.IsUndefined() ? Uint8Array::New(info.Env(), length, napi_uint8_clamped_array)
-      : Uint8Array::New(info.Env(), length, buffer, bufferOffset, napi_uint8_clamped_array);
+    return buffer.IsUndefined() ?
+      Uint8Array::New(info.Env(), length, napi_uint8_clamped_array) :
+      Uint8Array::New(info.Env(), length, buffer, bufferOffset, napi_uint8_clamped_array);
   } else if (arrayType == "int16") {
-    return buffer.IsUndefined() ? Int16Array::New(info.Env(), length)
-      : Int16Array::New(info.Env(), length, buffer, bufferOffset);
+    return buffer.IsUndefined() ?
+      NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW(Int16Array, info.Env(), length, napi_int16_array) :
+      NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW_BUFFER(Int16Array, info.Env(), length, buffer, bufferOffset,
+                                 napi_int16_array);
   } else if (arrayType == "uint16") {
-    return buffer.IsUndefined() ? Uint16Array::New(info.Env(), length)
-      : Uint16Array::New(info.Env(), length, buffer, bufferOffset);
+    return buffer.IsUndefined() ?
+      NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW(Uint16Array, info.Env(), length, napi_uint16_array) :
+      NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW_BUFFER(Uint16Array, info.Env(), length, buffer, bufferOffset,
+                                 napi_uint16_array);
   } else if (arrayType == "int32") {
-    return buffer.IsUndefined() ? Int32Array::New(info.Env(), length)
-      : Int32Array::New(info.Env(), length, buffer, bufferOffset);
+    return buffer.IsUndefined() ?
+      NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW(Int32Array, info.Env(), length, napi_int32_array) :
+      NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW_BUFFER(Int32Array, info.Env(), length, buffer, bufferOffset,
+                                 napi_int32_array);
   } else if (arrayType == "uint32") {
-    return buffer.IsUndefined() ? Uint32Array::New(info.Env(), length)
-      : Uint32Array::New(info.Env(), length, buffer, bufferOffset);
+    return buffer.IsUndefined() ?
+      NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW(Uint32Array, info.Env(), length, napi_uint32_array) :
+      NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW_BUFFER(Uint32Array, info.Env(), length, buffer, bufferOffset,
+                                 napi_uint32_array);
   } else if (arrayType == "float32") {
-    return buffer.IsUndefined() ? Float32Array::New(info.Env(), length)
-      : Float32Array::New(info.Env(), length, buffer, bufferOffset);
+    return buffer.IsUndefined() ?
+      NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW(Float32Array, info.Env(), length, napi_float32_array) :
+      NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW_BUFFER(Float32Array, info.Env(), length, buffer, bufferOffset,
+                                 napi_float32_array);
   } else if (arrayType == "float64") {
-    return buffer.IsUndefined() ? Float64Array::New(info.Env(), length)
-      : Float64Array::New(info.Env(), length, buffer, bufferOffset);
+    return buffer.IsUndefined() ?
+      NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW(Float64Array, info.Env(), length, napi_float64_array) :
+      NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW_BUFFER(Float64Array, info.Env(), length, buffer, bufferOffset,
+                                 napi_float64_array);
   } else {
     Error::New(info.Env(), "Invalid typed-array type.").ThrowAsJavaScriptException();
     return Value();
   }
 }
 
 Value CreateInvalidTypedArray(const CallbackInfo& info) {
-  return Int8Array::New(info.Env(), 1, ArrayBuffer(), 0);
+  return NAPI_TYPEDARRAY_NEW_BUFFER(Int8Array, info.Env(), 1, ArrayBuffer(), 0, napi_int8_array);
 }
 
 Value GetTypedArrayType(const CallbackInfo& info) {