feat: update inspect command with timestamping

[Two-Hearts]

This PR updates notation inspect command with timestamping. Resolves #997
Example results:

notation inspect $IMAGE

Inspecting all signatures for signed artifact
myRegistry/myRepo@sha256:c0669ef34cdc14332c0f1ab0c2c01acb91d96014b172f1a76f3a39e63d1f0bda
└── application/vnd.cncf.notary.signature
    └── sha256:20171244b2291f7e854e595a20842faa581d82ebcd85266543390d5ca4b73551
        ├── media type: application/cose
        ├── signature algorithm: RSASSA-PSS-SHA-256
        ├── signed attributes
        │   ├── signingScheme: notary.x509
        │   └── signingTime: Fri Jul 26 14:50:29 2024
        ├── user defined attributes
        │   └── (empty)
        ├── unsigned attributes
        │   ├── timestamp signature
        │   │   ├── timestamp: [Fri Jul 26 06:50:37 2024, Fri Jul 26 06:50:37 2024]
        │   │   └── certificates
        │   │       ├── SHA256 fingerprint: d2f6e46ded7422ccd1d440576841366f828ada559aae3316af4d1a9ad40c7828
        │   │       │   ├── issued to: CN=DigiCert Timestamp 2023,O=DigiCert\, Inc.,C=US
        │   │       │   ├── issued by: CN=DigiCert Trusted G4 RSA4096 SHA256 TimeStamping CA,O=DigiCert\, Inc.,C=US
        │   │       │   └── expiry: Fri Oct 13 23:59:59 2034
        │   │       ├── SHA256 fingerprint: 281734d4592d1291d27190709cb510b07e22c405d5e0d6119b70e73589f98acf
        │   │       │   ├── issued to: CN=DigiCert Trusted G4 RSA4096 SHA256 TimeStamping CA,O=DigiCert\, Inc.,C=US
        │   │       │   ├── issued by: CN=DigiCert Trusted Root G4,OU=www.digicert.com,O=DigiCert Inc,C=US
        │   │       │   └── expiry: Sun Mar 22 23:59:59 2037
        │   │       └── SHA256 fingerprint: 33846b545a49c9be4903c60e01713c1bd4e4ef31ea65cd95d69e62794f30b941
        │   │           ├── issued to: CN=DigiCert Trusted Root G4,OU=www.digicert.com,O=DigiCert Inc,C=US
        │   │           ├── issued by: CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root CA,OU=www.digicert.com,O=DigiCert Inc,C=US
        │   │           └── expiry: Sun Nov  9 23:59:59 2031
        │   └── signingAgent: Notation/1.0.0 azure-kv/1.2.0
......

Example of JSON output:

notation inspect $IMAGE -o json

{
    "mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json",
    "Signatures": [
        {
            "mediaType": "application/cose",
            "digest": "sha256:20171244b2291f7e854e595a20842faa581d82ebcd85266543390d5ca4b73551",
            "signatureAlgorithm": "RSASSA-PSS-SHA-256",
            "signedAttributes": {
                "signingScheme": "notary.x509",
                "signingTime": "2024-07-26T14:50:29+08:00"
            },
            "userDefinedAttributes": null,
            "unsignedAttributes": {
                "signingAgent": "Notation/1.0.0 azure-kv/1.2.0",
                "timestampSignature": {
                    "timestamp": "[2024-07-26T06:50:37Z, 2024-07-26T06:50:37Z]",
                    "certificates": [
                        {
                            "SHA256Fingerprint": "d2f6e46ded7422ccd1d440576841366f828ada559aae3316af4d1a9ad40c7828",
                            "issuedTo": "CN=DigiCert Timestamp 2023,O=DigiCert\\, Inc.,C=US",
                            "issuedBy": "CN=DigiCert Trusted G4 RSA4096 SHA256 TimeStamping CA,O=DigiCert\\, Inc.,C=US",
                            "expiry": "2034-10-13T23:59:59Z"
                        },
                        {
                            "SHA256Fingerprint": "281734d4592d1291d27190709cb510b07e22c405d5e0d6119b70e73589f98acf",
                            "issuedTo": "CN=DigiCert Trusted G4 RSA4096 SHA256 TimeStamping CA,O=DigiCert\\, Inc.,C=US",
                            "issuedBy": "CN=DigiCert Trusted Root G4,OU=www.digicert.com,O=DigiCert Inc,C=US",
                            "expiry": "2037-03-22T23:59:59Z"
                        },
                        {
                            "SHA256Fingerprint": "33846b545a49c9be4903c60e01713c1bd4e4ef31ea65cd95d69e62794f30b941",
                            "issuedTo": "CN=DigiCert Trusted Root G4,OU=www.digicert.com,O=DigiCert Inc,C=US",
                            "issuedBy": "CN=DigiCert Assured ID Root CA,OU=www.digicert.com,O=DigiCert Inc,C=US",
                            "expiry": "2031-11-09T23:59:59Z"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            },
......

Example when failed to parse timestamp countersignature:

{
    "mediaType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json",
    "Signatures": [
        {
            "mediaType": "application/cose",
            "digest": "sha256:85f04ea6891da367b825866c53b27999e6cdf3bae8b2fe33eb1433d938c0f3e1",
            "signatureAlgorithm": "RSASSA-PSS-SHA-256",
            "signedAttributes": {
                "signingScheme": "notary.x509",
                "signingTime": "2024-07-29T10:40:55+08:00"
            },
            "userDefinedAttributes": null,
            "unsignedAttributes": {
                "signingAgent": "Notation/1.0.0 azure-kv/1.0.1",
                "timestampSignature": {
                    "error": "failed to parse timestamp countersignature"
                }
            },
......

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 77.55102% with 11 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 71.92%. Comparing base (9c15eec) to head (7375966).

Files	Patch %	Lines
cmd/notation/inspect.go	77.55%	8 Missing and 3 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #998      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   71.88%   71.92%   +0.03%     
==========================================
  Files          46       46              
  Lines        2230     2265      +35     
==========================================
+ Hits         1603     1629      +26     
- Misses        431      438       +7     
- Partials      196      198       +2     

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[junczhu]

LGTM

[shizhMSFT]

LGTM

[priteshbandi]

LGTM with couple of nits

[priteshbandi]

LGTM

[shizhMSFT]

LGTM