feat(sdk-metrics): add aggregation cardinality limit

[povilasv]

Which problem is this PR solving?

implements Otel Cardinality Limit spec.

This change allows you to:

• configure View for custom aggregation cardinality limit.
• allows specifying cardinality selector on metric reader
• also applies default 2000 limit if it's not set.

Link to the spec: https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/otel/metrics/sdk/#cardinality-limits

Updated PR to support both async and sync storage

References #4095

Short description of the changes

Type of change

Please delete options that are not relevant.

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• This change requires a documentation update

How Has This Been Tested?

• added unit tests
• created a small app that uses this package via npm link

Checklist:

• Followed the style guidelines of this project
• Unit tests have been added
• Documentation has been updated

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 93.24%. Comparing base (f1ef596) to head (94cec89).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #5128      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   93.21%   93.24%   +0.02%     
==========================================
  Files         315      315              
  Lines        8096     8122      +26     
  Branches     1622     1632      +10     
==========================================
+ Hits         7547     7573      +26     
  Misses        549      549              

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
packages/sdk-metrics/src/export/MetricReader.ts	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
...ckages/sdk-metrics/src/state/AsyncMetricStorage.ts	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
...ages/sdk-metrics/src/state/DeltaMetricProcessor.ts	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
packages/sdk-metrics/src/state/MeterSharedState.ts	96.66% <100.00%> (+0.05%)	⬆️
packages/sdk-metrics/src/state/MetricCollector.ts	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
...ackages/sdk-metrics/src/state/SyncMetricStorage.ts	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
packages/sdk-metrics/src/view/View.ts	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)

[pichlermarc]

Awesome, thanks for working on this 🙌

Are you also planning to open PRs to follow up on the rest of the cardinality limit specification as well? 🤔

I'd like to time merging this feature in a way that we have the whole spec-feature available at once, so that people can change the limit via the MetricReader as well. Doing so would also avoid inconsistency with the async storage.

[povilasv]

@pichlermarc commited your suggestions and updated PR to add cardinality limiting on async storage.

I also added CardinalitySelector to MetricReader to fully implement cardinality limiting.

Let me know what you think 🙇

[pichlermarc]

Looks great, thank you for adding the other parts as well 🙌

selected wrong category

[pichlermarc]

Oh, I selected the wrong category when posting the previous review, sorry - there's one more thing (see comment above) then this is good to merge. Thanks for working on this feature. 🙌

[pichlermarc]

I think this looks good, thank you for implementing this @povilasv.
I'll leave this PR open for a bit to give others a chance to review as well - then I'll merge this next week 🙂

[legendecas]

Generally looks good! Just a nit

[legendecas]

Nit: I think this hash can be a constant value, avoid re-computing.

[povilasv]

@legendecas thanks for review, updated the code