Generic slashing side-effects (#5623)

# Description
## What?
Make it possible for other pallets to implement their own logic when a
slash on a balance occurs.

## Why?
In the [introduction of
holds](paritytech/substrate#12951) @gavofyork
said:
> Since Holds are designed to be infallibly slashed, this means that any
logic using a Freeze must handle the possibility of the frozen amount
being reduced, potentially to zero. A permissionless function should be
provided in order to allow bookkeeping to be updated in this instance.

At Polimec we needed to find a way to reduce the vesting schedules of
our users after a slash was made, and after talking to @kianenigma at
the Web3Summit, we realized there was no easy way to implement this with
the current traits, so we came up with this solution.



## How?
- First we abstract the `done_slash` function of holds::Balanced to it's
own trait that any pallet can implement.
- Then we add a config type in pallet-balances that accepts a callback
tuple of all the pallets that implement this trait.
- Finally implement done_slash for pallet-balances such that it calls
the config type.

## Integration
The default implementation of done_slash is still an empty function, and
the new config type of pallet-balances can be set to an empty tuple, so
nothing changes by default.

## Review Notes
- I suggest to focus on the first commit which contains the main logic
changes.
- I also have a working implementation of done_slash for pallet_vesting,
should I add it to this PR?
- If I run `cargo +nightly fmt --all` then I get changes to a lot of
unrelated crates, so not sure if I should run it to avoid the fmt
failure of the CI
- Should I hunt down references to fungible/fungibles documentation and
update it accordingly?

**Polkadot address:** `15fj1UhQp8Xes7y7LSmDYTy349mXvUwrbNmLaP5tQKBxsQY1`

# Checklist

* [x] My PR includes a detailed description as outlined in the
"Description" and its two subsections above.
* [x] My PR follows the [labeling requirements](

https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/master/docs/contributor/CONTRIBUTING.md#Process
) of this project (at minimum one label for `T` required)
* External contributors: ask maintainers to put the right label on your
PR.
* [ ] I have made corresponding changes to the documentation (if
applicable)

---------

Co-authored-by: Kian Paimani <5588131+kianenigma@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: Francisco Aguirre <franciscoaguirreperez@gmail.com>

cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs

@@ -213,6 +213,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-westend/src/lib.rs

@@ -213,6 +213,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-rococo/src/lib.rs

@@ -342,6 +342,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

cumulus/parachains/runtimes/bridge-hubs/bridge-hub-westend/src/lib.rs

@@ -327,6 +327,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

cumulus/parachains/runtimes/collectives/collectives-westend/src/lib.rs

@@ -223,6 +223,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

cumulus/parachains/runtimes/contracts/contracts-rococo/src/lib.rs

@@ -234,6 +234,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-rococo/src/lib.rs

@@ -249,6 +249,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

cumulus/parachains/runtimes/coretime/coretime-westend/src/lib.rs

@@ -249,6 +249,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-rococo/src/lib.rs

@@ -225,6 +225,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

cumulus/parachains/runtimes/people/people-westend/src/lib.rs

@@ -224,6 +224,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

cumulus/parachains/runtimes/testing/penpal/src/lib.rs

@@ -420,6 +420,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

cumulus/parachains/runtimes/testing/rococo-parachain/src/lib.rs

@@ -257,6 +257,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 impl pallet_transaction_payment::Config for Runtime {

cumulus/test/runtime/src/lib.rs

@@ -269,6 +269,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 impl pallet_transaction_payment::Config for Runtime {

polkadot/runtime/rococo/src/lib.rs

@@ -400,6 +400,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<1>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {
@@ -1234,6 +1235,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config<NisCounterpartInstance> for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<1>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

polkadot/runtime/test-runtime/src/lib.rs

@@ -234,6 +234,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

polkadot/runtime/westend/src/lib.rs

@@ -399,6 +399,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type MaxFreezes = VariantCountOf<RuntimeFreezeReason>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

polkadot/xcm/xcm-builder/src/tests/pay/mock.rs

@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Test {
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = ();
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

prdoc/pr_5623.prdoc

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+# Schema: Polkadot SDK PRDoc Schema (prdoc) v1.0.0
+# See doc at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/master/prdoc/schema_user.json
+
+title: Generic slashing side-effects
+
+doc:
+  - audience: Runtime Dev
+    description: |
+      What?
+      Make it possible for other pallets to implement their own logic when a slash on a balance occurs.
+
+      How?
+      First we abstract the done_slash function of holds::Balanced to it's own trait that any pallet can implement.
+      Then we add a config type in pallet-balances that accepts a callback tuple of all the pallets that implement this trait.
+      Finally implement done_slash for pallet-balances such that it calls the config type.
+      Integration
+      The default implementation of done_slash is still an empty function, and the new config type of pallet-balances can be set to an empty tuple, so nothing changes by default.
+
+crates:
+  - name: frame-support
+    bump: major
+
+  - name: pallet-balances
+    bump: major
+
+  - name: pallet-broker
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: rococo-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: pallet-nis
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: westend-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: pallet-assets-freezer
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: pallet-contracts-mock-network
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: pallet-revive-mock-network
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: asset-hub-rococo-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: asset-hub-westend-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: bridge-hub-rococo-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: bridge-hub-westend-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: collectives-westend-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: coretime-rococo-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: coretime-westend-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: people-rococo-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: people-westend-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: penpal-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: contracts-rococo-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: rococo-parachain-runtime
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: staging-xcm-builder
+    bump: minor
+
+  - name: polkadot-sdk
+    bump: minor
+
+

substrate/bin/node/runtime/src/lib.rs

@@ -546,6 +546,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type WeightInfo = pallet_balances::weights::SubstrateWeight<Runtime>;
 	type FreezeIdentifier = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type MaxFreezes = VariantCountOf<RuntimeFreezeReason>;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

substrate/frame/assets-freezer/src/mock.rs

@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Test {
 	type MaxFreezes = ();
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = ();
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = ();
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 impl pallet_assets::Config for Test {

substrate/frame/balances/src/impl_fungible.rs

@@ -363,6 +363,14 @@ impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> fungible::Balanced<T::AccountId> for Pallet<T, I>
 
 impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> fungible::BalancedHold<T::AccountId> for Pallet<T, I> {}
 
+impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static>
+	fungible::hold::DoneSlash<T::RuntimeHoldReason, T::AccountId, T::Balance> for Pallet<T, I>
+{
+	fn done_slash(reason: &T::RuntimeHoldReason, who: &T::AccountId, amount: T::Balance) {
+		T::DoneSlashHandler::done_slash(reason, who, amount);
+	}
+}
+
 impl<T: Config<I>, I: 'static> AccountTouch<(), T::AccountId> for Pallet<T, I> {
 	type Balance = T::Balance;
 	fn deposit_required(_: ()) -> Self::Balance {

substrate/frame/balances/src/lib.rs

@@ -234,6 +234,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 			type MaxFreezes = VariantCountOf<Self::RuntimeFreezeReason>;
 
 			type WeightInfo = ();
+			type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -312,6 +313,14 @@ pub mod pallet {
 		/// The maximum number of individual freeze locks that can exist on an account at any time.
 		#[pallet::constant]
 		type MaxFreezes: Get<u32>;
+
+		/// Allows callbacks to other pallets so they can update their bookkeeping when a slash
+		/// occurs.
+		type DoneSlashHandler: fungible::hold::DoneSlash<
+			Self::RuntimeHoldReason,
+			Self::AccountId,
+			Self::Balance,
+		>;
 	}
 
 	/// The in-code storage version.

substrate/frame/broker/src/test_fungibles.rs

@@ -269,6 +269,20 @@ where
 {
 }
 
+impl<
+		Instance: Get<u32>,
+		AccountId: Encode,
+		AssetId: tokens::AssetId + Copy,
+		MinimumBalance: TypedGet,
+		HoldReason: Encode + Decode + TypeInfo + 'static,
+		Balance: tokens::Balance,
+	> fungibles::hold::DoneSlash<AssetId, HoldReason, AccountId, Balance>
+	for TestFungibles<Instance, AccountId, AssetId, MinimumBalance, HoldReason>
+where
+	MinimumBalance::Type: tokens::Balance,
+{
+}
+
 impl<
 		Instance: Get<u32>,
 		AccountId: Encode,

substrate/frame/contracts/mock-network/src/parachain.rs

@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type WeightInfo = ();
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

substrate/frame/contracts/mock-network/src/relay_chain.rs

@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 impl shared::Config for Runtime {

substrate/frame/nis/src/mock.rs

@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config<Instance1> for Test {
 	type MaxFreezes = ();
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 impl pallet_balances::Config<Instance2> for Test {
@@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config<Instance2> for Test {
 	type MaxFreezes = ();
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = ();
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = ();
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

substrate/frame/revive/mock-network/src/parachain.rs

@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
 	type WeightInfo = ();
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 parameter_types! {

substrate/frame/revive/mock-network/src/relay_chain.rs

@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ impl pallet_balances::Config for Runtime {
 	type MaxFreezes = ConstU32<0>;
 	type RuntimeHoldReason = RuntimeHoldReason;
 	type RuntimeFreezeReason = RuntimeFreezeReason;
+	type DoneSlashHandler = ();
 }
 
 impl shared::Config for Runtime {

substrate/frame/support/src/traits/tokens/fungible/hold.rs

@@ -430,7 +430,11 @@ pub trait Mutate<AccountId>:
 }
 
 /// Trait for slashing a fungible asset which can be place on hold.
-pub trait Balanced<AccountId>: super::Balanced<AccountId> + Unbalanced<AccountId> {
+pub trait Balanced<AccountId>:
+	super::Balanced<AccountId>
+	+ Unbalanced<AccountId>
+	+ DoneSlash<Self::Reason, AccountId, Self::Balance>
+{
 	/// Reduce the balance of some funds on hold in an account.
 	///
 	/// The resulting imbalance is the first item of the tuple returned.
@@ -449,6 +453,16 @@ pub trait Balanced<AccountId>: super::Balanced<AccountId> + Unbalanced<AccountId
 		Self::done_slash(reason, who, decrease);
 		(credit, amount.saturating_sub(decrease))
 	}
+}
 
-	fn done_slash(_reason: &Self::Reason, _who: &AccountId, _amount: Self::Balance) {}
+/// Trait for optional bookkeeping callbacks after a slash.
+pub trait DoneSlash<Reason, AccountId, Balance> {
+	fn done_slash(_reason: &Reason, _who: &AccountId, _amount: Balance) {}
+}
+
+#[impl_trait_for_tuples::impl_for_tuples(30)]
+impl<Reason, AccountId, Balance: Copy> DoneSlash<Reason, AccountId, Balance> for Tuple {
+	fn done_slash(reason: &Reason, who: &AccountId, amount: Balance) {
+		for_tuples!( #( Tuple::done_slash(reason, who, amount); )* );
+	}
 }