Add EXTRACT builtin function; update partiql-tests

[alancai98]

Implements EXTRACT builtin function and updates to the latest partiql-tests. Also fixes some parsing of the datetime part for YEAR, TIMEZONE_HOUR, and TIMEZONE_MINUTE. Makes the following assumptions:

• EXTRACT with a date component (year, month, day) on a time -> returns missing
• EXTRACT with a time component (hour, minute, second) -> returns missing
• a timezone part (timezone_hour, timezone_minute) with a datetime value without a timezone?

All of the above assumptions aren't specified in any SQL spec to my knowledge. The second assumption differs from what partiql-lang-kotlin currently does (which defines a default of 0). Created a spec issue to track: partiql/partiql-lang#14 along with a conformance test issue: partiql/partiql-tests#83.

Another point that may differ from partiql-lang-kotlin is the data type returned by the EXTRACT function. partiql-lang-kotlin always returns a decimal, while this PR returns a decimal for seconds and integer otherwise. The SQL spec says that this is implementation-defined. Add a followup comment in the above spec issue: partiql/partiql-lang#14

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By submitting this pull request, I confirm that my contribution is made under the terms of the Apache 2.0 license.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Patch coverage: 76.61% and project coverage change: -0.10 ⚠️

Comparison is base (2cb413a) 81.30% compared to head (73a47be) 81.20%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #340      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   81.30%   81.20%   -0.10%     
==========================================
  Files          44       44              
  Lines       10261    10521     +260     
==========================================
+ Hits         8343     8544     +201     
- Misses       1918     1977      +59     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
partiql-logical/src/lib.rs	46.21% <ø> (ø)
partiql-parser/src/preprocessor.rs	92.92% <ø> (ø)
partiql-value/src/ion.rs	48.36% <57.14%> (+0.36%)	⬆️
partiql-eval/src/eval/expr/mod.rs	81.29% <61.90%> (-4.95%)	⬇️
partiql-value/src/lib.rs	95.04% <66.66%> (-0.22%)	⬇️
partiql-value/src/datetime.rs	61.90% <88.23%> (+2.64%)	⬆️
partiql-logical-planner/src/call_defs.rs	84.41% <89.65%> (+1.38%)	⬆️
partiql-eval/src/plan.rs	95.87% <100.00%> (+0.32%)	⬆️

... and 1 file with indirect coverage changes

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[github-actions]

Conformance comparison report

	Base (2cb413a)	cbe8cd7	+/-
% Passing	81.59%	82.88%	1.29%
✅ Passing	2699	2760	61
❌ Failing	415	376	-39
🔶 Ignored	194	194	0
Total Tests	3308	3330	22

Number passing in both: 2650

Number failing in both: 314

Number passing in Base (2cb413a) but now fail: 0

Number failing in Base (2cb413a) but now pass: 10

The following test(s) were previously failing but now pass. Before merging, confirm they are intended to pass:

Click here to see

• partiql_tests::eval::query::group_by::group_by::group_by::group_by_test::select_region_id_p_supplier_id_mixed_from_products_sparse_p_group_by_p_region_id_p_supplier_id_mixed
• partiql_tests::eval::query::group_by::group_by::group_by::group_by_test::select_p_supplier_id_mixed_from_products_sparse_p_group_by_p_supplier_id_mixed
• partiql_tests::eval::query::group_by::group_by::group_by::group_by_test::select_supplier_id_missings_from_products_sparse_p_group_by_p_supplier_id_missings
• partiql_tests::eval::query::group_by::group_by::group_by::group_by_test::select_region_id_supplier_id_missings_from_products_sparse_p_group_by_p_region_id_p_supplier_id_missings
• partiql_tests::eval::query::group_by::group_by::group_by::group_by_test::select_p_supplier_id_missings_from_products_sparse_p_group_by_p_supplier_id_missings
• partiql_tests::eval::query::group_by::group_by::group_by::group_by_test::select_region_id_supplier_id_mixed_from_products_sparse_p_group_by_p_region_id_p_supplier_id_mixed
• partiql_tests::eval::query::group_by::group_by::group_by::group_by_test::select_supplier_id_mixed_from_products_sparse_p_group_by_p_supplier_id_mixed
• partiql_tests::eval::query::group_by::group_by::group_by::group_by_test::select_some_missing_from_simple_1_col_1_group_group_by_missing_as_some_missing
• partiql_tests::eval::query::group_by::group_by::group_by::group_by_test::select_value_some_missing_some_missing_from_simple_1_col_1_group_group_by_missing_as_some_missing
• partiql_tests::eval::query::group_by::group_by::group_by::group_by_test::select_p_region_id_p_supplier_id_missings_from_products_sparse_p_group_by_p_region_id_p_supplier_id_missings

[am357]

Overall LGTM; left couple of minor comments and one question?

[am357]

Re-iterating clippy's warning regarding too many arguments; it's a warning so not a blocker but maybe we can move the args to a struct?

[alancai98]

I think it would be fine to leave it as a warning for now. We might need to adjust some of these datetime functions when we sort out the date/time modeling in the conformance tests partiql/partiql-tests#82 and also support the date time literals.

[jpschorr]

My only comment was the extraneous % 60 in EvalFnExtractTimezoneMinute which was removed in the latest commit.